diff --git a/lib/tree.rb b/lib/tree.rb index c0d4b51..d89068e 100644 --- a/lib/tree.rb +++ b/lib/tree.rb @@ -1,62 +1,243 @@ +QUEUE_SIZE = 20 + +class Queue + def initialize + @store = Array.new(QUEUE_SIZE) + @front = @rear = -1 + end + + def enqueue(element) + if @front == -1 # Q is empty + @rear = 1 + @front = 0 + @store[@front] = element + elsif @front == @rear && !self.empty? + raise Error, "Q IS FULL" + else #not empty + new_rear = (@rear + 1) % QUEUE_SIZE + @store[@rear] = element + @rear = new_rear + end + end + + def dequeue + if @front == -1 + return nil + end + index_to_remove = @front + value_to_remove = @store[index_to_remove] + @store[index_to_remove] = nil + @front += 1 + return value_to_remove + end + + def front + return @store[@front] + end + + def size + size = 0 + return 0 if self.empty? + + @store.each do |i| + if i != nil + size += 1 + end + end + + return size + end + + def empty? + return true if self.to_s == "[]" + return false + end + + def to_s + values = [] + @store.each do |i| + if i != nil + values << i + end + end + + return values.to_s + end +end + class TreeNode attr_reader :key, :value attr_accessor :left, :right - def initialize(key, val) + def initialize(key, val) @key = key @value = val @left = nil @right = nil - end + end + + def add(key, value) + new_node = TreeNode.new(key, value) + if new_node.key <= @key + if @left == nil + @left = new_node + else + @left.add(key, value) + end + else + if @right == nil + @right = new_node + else + @right.add(key, value) + end + end + end + + def inorder(array) + if @left != nil + @left.inorder(array) + end + + array << {key: @key, value: @value} + + if @right != nil + @right.inorder(array) + end + end + + def preorder(array) + array << {key: @key, value: @value} + + if @left != nil + @left.preorder(array) + end + + if @right != nil + @right.preorder(array) + end + end + + def postorder(array) + if @left != nil + @left.postorder(array) + end + + if @right != nil + @right.postorder(array) + end + + array << {key: @key, value: @value} + end end class Tree attr_reader :root + def initialize @root = nil end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(log n) if the tree is balanced, where n is the number of nodes in the tree. + # Space Complexity: O(1) def add(key, value) - raise NotImplementedError + if @root == nil + @root = TreeNode.new(key, value) + else + @root.add(key, value) + end end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(log n) if the tree is balanced, where n is the number of nodes in the tree. + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find(key) - raise NotImplementedError + current = @root + + if current == nil + return nil + end + + while current != nil + if key == current.key + return current.value + elsif key <= current.key + current = current.left + else + current = current.right + end + end end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # Space Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # left root right def inorder - raise NotImplementedError + current = @root + values = [] + if current != nil + current.inorder(values) + end + return values end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # Space Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree def preorder - raise NotImplementedError + current = @root + values = [] + if current != nil + current.preorder(values) + end + return values end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # Space Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree def postorder - raise NotImplementedError + current = @root + values = [] + if current != nil + current.postorder(values) + end + return values end - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: - def height - raise NotImplementedError + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def height(node) + if node == nil + return 0 + else + left_height = height(node.left) + right_height = height(node.right) + if left_height >= right_height + return 1 + left_height + else + return 1 + right_height + end + end end # Optional Method - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity: + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree + # Space Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes in the tree def bfs - raise NotImplementedError + if @root == nil + return [] + end + + queue = Queue.new + queue.enqueue(@root) + bfs_values = [] + + while queue.size > 0 + node = queue.front + bfs_values << {key: node.key, value: node.value} + queue.enqueue(node.left) unless node.left == nil + queue.enqueue(node.right) unless node.right == nil + queue.dequeue + end + + return bfs_values end # Useful for printing diff --git a/test/tree_test.rb b/test/tree_test.rb index 222b693..a491220 100644 --- a/test/tree_test.rb +++ b/test/tree_test.rb @@ -1,10 +1,9 @@ -require_relative 'test_helper' - +require_relative "test_helper" Minitest::Reporters.use! Minitest::Reporters::SpecReporter.new describe Tree do - let (:tree) {Tree.new} + let (:tree) { Tree.new } let (:tree_with_nodes) { tree.add(5, "Peter") @@ -37,23 +36,21 @@ end it "will return the tree in order" do - - expect(tree_with_nodes.inorder).must_equal [{:key=>1, :value=>"Mary"}, {:key=>3, :value=>"Paul"}, - {:key=>5, :value=>"Peter"}, {:key=>10, :value=>"Karla"}, - {:key=>15, :value=>"Ada"}, {:key=>25, :value=>"Kari"}] + expect(tree_with_nodes.inorder).must_equal [{:key => 1, :value => "Mary"}, {:key => 3, :value => "Paul"}, + {:key => 5, :value => "Peter"}, {:key => 10, :value => "Karla"}, + {:key => 15, :value => "Ada"}, {:key => 25, :value => "Kari"}] end end - describe "preorder" do it "will give an empty array for an empty tree" do expect(tree.preorder).must_equal [] end it "will return the tree in preorder" do - expect(tree_with_nodes.preorder).must_equal [{:key=>5, :value=>"Peter"}, {:key=>3, :value=>"Paul"}, - {:key=>1, :value=>"Mary"}, {:key=>10, :value=>"Karla"}, - {:key=>15, :value=>"Ada"}, {:key=>25, :value=>"Kari"}] + expect(tree_with_nodes.preorder).must_equal [{:key => 5, :value => "Peter"}, {:key => 3, :value => "Paul"}, + {:key => 1, :value => "Mary"}, {:key => 10, :value => "Karla"}, + {:key => 15, :value => "Ada"}, {:key => 25, :value => "Kari"}] end end @@ -63,19 +60,19 @@ end it "will return the tree in postorder" do - expect(tree_with_nodes.postorder).must_equal [{:key=>1, :value=>"Mary"}, {:key=>3, :value=>"Paul"}, - {:key=>25, :value=>"Kari"}, {:key=>15, :value=>"Ada"}, - {:key=>10, :value=>"Karla"}, {:key=>5, :value=>"Peter"}] + expect(tree_with_nodes.postorder).must_equal [{:key => 1, :value => "Mary"}, {:key => 3, :value => "Paul"}, + {:key => 25, :value => "Kari"}, {:key => 15, :value => "Ada"}, + {:key => 10, :value => "Karla"}, {:key => 5, :value => "Peter"}] end end - + describe "height" do it "returns 0 for an empty tree" do - expect(tree.height).must_equal 0 + expect(tree.height(tree.root)).must_equal 0 end it "returns correct height of tree" do - expect(tree_with_nodes.height).must_equal 4 + expect(tree_with_nodes.height(tree.root)).must_equal 4 end end @@ -85,8 +82,8 @@ end it "will return an array of a level-by-level output of the tree" do - expect(tree_with_nodes.bfs).must_equal [{:key=>5, :value=>"Peter"}, {:key=>3, :value=>"Paul"}, - {:key=>10, :value=>"Karla"}, {:key=>1, :value=>"Mary"}, + expect(tree_with_nodes.bfs).must_equal [{:key=>5, :value=>"Peter"}, {:key=>3, :value=>"Paul"}, + {:key=>10, :value=>"Karla"}, {:key=>1, :value=>"Mary"}, {:key=>15, :value=>"Ada"}, {:key=>25, :value=>"Kari"}] end end