Add functions for waiting for publishers and subscribers (ros2#907)

These blocking functions are especially useful for tests where we want
to wait for some number of publishers/subscribers to be available
before proceeding with some other checks.

Update tests to use new graph API
We can simplify some tests by reusing the new graph functions.

Signed-off-by: Jacob Perron <[email protected]>

Author: jacobperron

rcl/include/rcl/graph.h

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ extern "C"
 #include <rmw/get_topic_names_and_types.h>
 #include <rmw/topic_endpoint_info_array.h>
 
+#include "rcutils/time.h"
 #include "rcutils/types.h"
 
 #include "rosidl_runtime_c/service_type_support_struct.h"
@@ -581,6 +582,98 @@ rcl_count_subscribers(
   const char * topic_name,
   size_t * count);
 
+/// Wait for there to be a specified number of publishers on a given topic.
+/**
+ * The `node` parameter must point to a valid node.
+ * The nodes graph guard condition is used by this function, and therefore the caller should
+ * take care not to use the guard condition concurrently in any other wait sets.
+ *
+ * The `allocator` parameter must point to a valid allocator.
+ *
+ * The `topic_name` parameter must not be `NULL`, and must not be an empty string.
+ * It should also follow the topic name rules.
+ *
+ * This function blocks and will return when the number of publishers for `topic_name`
+ * is greater than or equal to the `count` parameter, or the specified `timeout` is reached.
+ *
+ * The `timeout` parameter is in nanoseconds.
+ * The timeout is based on system time elapsed.
+ * A negative value disables the timeout (i.e. this function blocks until the number of
+ * publishers is greater than or equals to `count`).
+ *
+ * The `success` parameter must point to a valid bool.
+ * The `success` parameter is the output for this function and will be set.
+ *
+ * <hr>
+ * Attribute          | Adherence
+ * ------------------ | -------------
+ * Allocates Memory   | Yes
+ * Thread-Safe        | No
+ * Uses Atomics       | No
+ * Lock-Free          | Maybe [1]
+ * <i>[1] implementation may need to protect the data structure with a lock</i>
+ *
+ * \param[in] node the handle to the node being used to query the ROS graph
+ * \param[in] allocator to allocate space for the rcl_wait_set_t used to wait for graph events
+ * \param[in] topic_name the name of the topic in question
+ * \param[in] count number of publishers to wait for
+ * \param[in] timeout maximum duration to wait for publishers
+ * \param[out] success `true` if the number of publishers is equal to or greater than count, or
+ *   `false` if a timeout occurred waiting for publishers.
+ * \return #RCL_RET_OK if there was no errors, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_NODE_INVALID if the node is invalid, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_INVALID_ARGUMENT if any arguments are invalid, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_TIMEOUT if a timeout occurs before the number of publishers is detected, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_ERROR if an unspecified error occurred.
+ */
+RCL_PUBLIC
+RCL_WARN_UNUSED
+rcl_ret_t
+rcl_wait_for_publishers(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  rcl_allocator_t * allocator,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  const size_t count,
+  rcutils_duration_value_t timeout,
+  bool * success);
+
+/// Wait for there to be a specified number of subscribers on a given topic.
+/**
+ * \see rcl_wait_for_publishers
+ *
+ * <hr>
+ * Attribute          | Adherence
+ * ------------------ | -------------
+ * Allocates Memory   | Yes
+ * Thread-Safe        | No
+ * Uses Atomics       | No
+ * Lock-Free          | Maybe [1]
+ * <i>[1] implementation may need to protect the data structure with a lock</i>
+ *
+ * \param[in] node the handle to the node being used to query the ROS graph
+ * \param[in] allocator to allocate space for the rcl_wait_set_t used to wait for graph events
+ * \param[in] topic_name the name of the topic in question
+ * \param[in] count number of subscribers to wait for
+ * \param[in] timeout maximum duration to wait for subscribers
+ * \param[out] success `true` if the number of subscribers is equal to or greater than count, or
+ *   `false` if a timeout occurred waiting for subscribers.
+ * \return #RCL_RET_OK if there was no errors, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_NODE_INVALID if the node is invalid, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_INVALID_ARGUMENT if any arguments are invalid, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_TIMEOUT if a timeout occurs before the number of subscribers is detected, or
+ * \return #RCL_RET_ERROR if an unspecified error occurred.
+ */
+RCL_PUBLIC
+RCL_WARN_UNUSED
+rcl_ret_t
+rcl_wait_for_subscribers(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  rcl_allocator_t * allocator,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  const size_t count,
+  rcutils_duration_value_t timeout,
+  bool * success);
+
 /// Return a list of all publishers to a topic.
 /**
  * The `node` parameter must point to a valid node.

rcl/src/rcl/graph.c

@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@ extern "C"
 #include "rcl/graph.h"
 
 #include "rcl/error_handling.h"
+#include "rcl/guard_condition.h"
+#include "rcl/wait.h"
 #include "rcutils/allocator.h"
+#include "rcutils/error_handling.h"
 #include "rcutils/macros.h"
+#include "rcutils/time.h"
 #include "rcutils/types.h"
 #include "rmw/error_handling.h"
 #include "rmw/get_node_info_and_types.h"
@@ -452,6 +456,179 @@ rcl_count_subscribers(
   return rcl_convert_rmw_ret_to_rcl_ret(rmw_ret);
 }
 
+typedef rcl_ret_t (* count_entities_func_t)(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  size_t * count);
+
+rcl_ret_t
+_rcl_wait_for_entities(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  rcl_allocator_t * allocator,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  const size_t expected_count,
+  rcutils_duration_value_t timeout,
+  bool * success,
+  count_entities_func_t count_entities_func)
+{
+  if (!rcl_node_is_valid(node)) {
+    return RCL_RET_NODE_INVALID;
+  }
+  RCL_CHECK_ALLOCATOR_WITH_MSG(allocator, "invalid allocator", return RCL_RET_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+  RCL_CHECK_ARGUMENT_FOR_NULL(topic_name, RCL_RET_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+  RCL_CHECK_ARGUMENT_FOR_NULL(success, RCL_RET_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+  rcl_ret_t ret = RCL_RET_OK;
+  *success = false;
+
+  // We can avoid waiting if there are already the expected number of publishers
+  size_t count = 0u;
+  ret = count_entities_func(node, topic_name, &count);
+  if (ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+    // Error message already set
+    return ret;
+  }
+  if (expected_count <= count) {
+    *success = true;
+    return RCL_RET_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Create a wait set and add the node graph guard condition to it
+  rcl_wait_set_t wait_set = rcl_get_zero_initialized_wait_set();
+  ret = rcl_wait_set_init(
+    &wait_set, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, node->context, *allocator);
+  if (ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+    // Error message already set
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  const rcl_guard_condition_t * guard_condition = rcl_node_get_graph_guard_condition(node);
+  if (!guard_condition) {
+    // Error message already set
+    ret = RCL_RET_ERROR;
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Add it to the wait set
+  ret = rcl_wait_set_add_guard_condition(&wait_set, guard_condition, NULL);
+  if (ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+    // Error message already set
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Get current time
+  // We use system time to be consistent with the clock used by rcl_wait()
+  rcutils_time_point_value_t start;
+  rcutils_ret_t time_ret = rcutils_system_time_now(&start);
+  if (time_ret != RCUTILS_RET_OK) {
+    rcutils_error_string_t error = rcutils_get_error_string();
+    rcutils_reset_error();
+    RCL_SET_ERROR_MSG(error.str);
+    ret = RCL_RET_ERROR;
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Wait for expected count or timeout
+  rcl_ret_t wait_ret;
+  while (true) {
+    // Use separate 'wait_ret' code to avoid returning spurious TIMEOUT value
+    wait_ret = rcl_wait(&wait_set, timeout);
+    if (wait_ret != RCL_RET_OK && wait_ret != RCL_RET_TIMEOUT) {
+      // Error message already set
+      ret = wait_ret;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // Check count
+    ret = count_entities_func(node, topic_name, &count);
+    if (ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+      // Error already set
+      break;
+    }
+    if (expected_count <= count) {
+      *success = true;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // If we're not waiting indefinitely, compute time remaining
+    if (timeout >= 0) {
+      rcutils_time_point_value_t now;
+      time_ret = rcutils_system_time_now(&now);
+      if (time_ret != RCUTILS_RET_OK) {
+        rcutils_error_string_t error = rcutils_get_error_string();
+        rcutils_reset_error();
+        RCL_SET_ERROR_MSG(error.str);
+        ret = RCL_RET_ERROR;
+        break;
+      }
+      timeout = timeout - (now - start);
+      if (timeout <= 0) {
+        ret = RCL_RET_TIMEOUT;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Clear wait set for next iteration
+    ret = rcl_wait_set_clear(&wait_set);
+    if (ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+      // Error message already set
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  rcl_ret_t cleanup_ret;
+cleanup:
+  // Cleanup
+  cleanup_ret = rcl_wait_set_fini(&wait_set);
+  if (cleanup_ret != RCL_RET_OK) {
+    // If we got two unexpected errors, return the earlier error
+    if (ret != RCL_RET_OK && ret != RCL_RET_TIMEOUT) {
+      // Error message already set
+      ret = cleanup_ret;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+rcl_ret_t
+rcl_wait_for_publishers(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  rcl_allocator_t * allocator,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  const size_t expected_count,
+  rcutils_duration_value_t timeout,
+  bool * success)
+{
+  return _rcl_wait_for_entities(
+    node,
+    allocator,
+    topic_name,
+    expected_count,
+    timeout,
+    success,
+    rcl_count_publishers);
+}
+
+rcl_ret_t
+rcl_wait_for_subscribers(
+  const rcl_node_t * node,
+  rcl_allocator_t * allocator,
+  const char * topic_name,
+  const size_t expected_count,
+  rcutils_duration_value_t timeout,
+  bool * success)
+{
+  return _rcl_wait_for_entities(
+    node,
+    allocator,
+    topic_name,
+    expected_count,
+    timeout,
+    success,
+    rcl_count_subscribers);
+}
+
 typedef rmw_ret_t (* get_topic_endpoint_info_func_t)(
   const rmw_node_t * node,
   rcutils_allocator_t * allocator,