diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/1 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/1 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..60d3b2f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/1 @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +15 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/17 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/17 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7273c0fa --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/17 @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +25 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/4 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/4 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d6b24041 --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/4 @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +19 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/5 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/5 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1a07a09c --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/5 @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +19 +19 +25 +15 +26 +23 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/6 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/6 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b6c892b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/6 @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +19 +23 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/8 b/individual-shell-tools/awk/8 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6f4247a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/8 @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +26 diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh index 8db4390a..587ed2ac 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player in `scores-table.txt`. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with just one word on it. + +awk '{print $1}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh index 5956be9b..c8e81537 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the names of each player, as well as their city. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with two words on it, separated by a space. + +awk '{print $1, $2}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh index af7c6e8b..67365bfa 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player along with the score from their first attempt. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 1". + +awk '{print $1, $3}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh index bf15703c..6c35d1f0 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player in London along with the score from their last attempt. # Your output should contain 3 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 4". + +awk '$2 == "London" {print $1, $NF}' ./scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh index d1680cb0..ca46a5ee 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh @@ -5,3 +5,9 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player along with the number of times they've played the game. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 3". + +# awk '{sum += length($3) < $NF} END {print sum}{print $1}' ./scores-table.txt + +# awk 'BEGIN{print $1} CONDITION{sum += length($3) < $NF} END{print sum}' ./scores-table.txt + +awk '{print $1, NF-2}' ./scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh index c85053e0..8d49caa0 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ -#!/bin/bash - set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the contents of the helper-1.txt file inside the helper-files directory to the terminal. # The output of this command should be "Once upon a time...". +cat ../helper-files/helper-1.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh index 01bbd5ea..d0ad4fd8 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh @@ -11,3 +11,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # It looked delicious. # I was tempted to take a bite of it. # But this seemed like a bad idea... + +cat ../helper-files/* \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh index 00fe3c48..1f8ee004 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh @@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # 3 It looked delicious. # 4 I was tempted to take a bite of it. # 5 But this seemed like a bad idea... + +cat ../helper-files/* | nl \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04.sh new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e69de29b diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh index fb05f42f..ffd696ba 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt said by the Doctor. # The output should contain 6 lines. + +grep "^Doctor:" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh index df6f8564..0a5db33b 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that contains the word Doctor (regardless of case). # The output should contain 9 lines. + +grep -i "Doctor" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh index 5383fe57..aaf4f271 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the number of lines in dialogue.txt that contain the word Doctor (regardless of case). # The output should be exactly the number 9. + +grep -ic "Doctor" ./dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh index 80ee0477..737fa225 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that does not contain the word "Hello" (regardless of case). # The output should contain 10 lines. +grep -iv "Hello" ./dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh index 1eb53818..96d14f9d 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that contains the string "cure", as well as the line before that line. # The output should contain two pairs of two lines of text (with a separator between them). + grep -B1 "cure" ./dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh index 5670e3b6..723e3d72 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the name of every `.txt` file in this directory which contains a line of dialogue said by the Doctor. # The output should contain two filenames. +grep -l "^Doctor" ./*.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh index 9670ebad..f9fdb745 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output, for each `.txt` file in this directory, how many lines of dialogue the Doctor has. # The output should show that dialogue.txt contains 6 lines, dialogue-2.txt contains 2, and dialogue-3.txt contains 0. + +grep -c "^Doctor" ./*.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh index 241b62f5..8f93bb79 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh @@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ fi # TODO: Write a command to list the files and folders in this directory. # The output should be a list of names including child-directory, script-01.sh, script-02.sh, and more. + +ls \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh index 781216d2..b259fcb1 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command which _recursively_ lists all of the files and folders in this directory _and_ all of the files inside those folders. # The output should be a list of names including: child-directory, script-01.sh, helper-1.txt (and more). # The formatting of the output doesn't matter. + +ls -R \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh index 72f3817b..0c2fcee2 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh @@ -16,8 +16,9 @@ echo "First exercise (sorted newest to oldest):" # TODO: Write a command which lists the files in the child-directory directory, one per line, sorted so that the most recently modified file is first. # The output should be a list of names in this order, one per line: helper-3.txt, helper-1.txt, helper-2.txt. - +ls -t1 echo "Second exercise (sorted oldest to newest):" # TODO: Write a command which does the same as above, but sorted in the opposite order (oldest first). # The output should be a list of names in this order, one per line: helper-2.txt, helper-1.txt, helper-3.txt. +ls -tr1 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh index 3eba6fa4..012d87fa 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt with all occurrences of the letter `i` replaced with `I`. # The output should contain 11 lines. # The first line of the output should be: "ThIs Is a sample fIle for experImentIng with sed.". + +sed s/i/I/g ./input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh index abdd64d0..3fe6f9a9 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt with numbers removed. # The output should contain 11 lines. # Line 6 of the output should be " Alisha". +sed s/[0-9]//g ./input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh index dd284a29..02aa6da6 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh @@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt removing any line which contains a number. # The output should contain 6 lines. + +# sed -n s/[0-9]*//gp ./input.txt +sed /[0-9]/d ./input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh index 0052ac6c..ae7fc409 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt replacing every occurrence of the string "We'll" with "We will". # The output should contain 11 lines. + +sed "s/We'll/We will/" input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh index 2dcc91a0..5e31b5e4 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh @@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # If a line starts with a number and a space, make the line instead end with a space and the number. # So line 6 which currently reads "37 Alisha" should instead read "Alisha 37". # The output should contain 11 lines. + +sed -E 's/^([0-9]+) (.+)$/\2 \1/' input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh index 0b939017..e3d0bd78 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh @@ -8,3 +8,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # The output should contain 11 lines. # Line 3 should be "It contains many lines, and there are some things you may want to do with each of them.". # Line 11 should be "We also should remember, when we go shopping, to get 4 items: oranges, cheese, bread, olives.". + +sed 's/,\([^[:space:]]\)/, \1/g' input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh index c9dd6e5d..22b7b8d9 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the number of words in the file helper-files/helper-3.txt. # The output should include the number 19. The output should not include the number 92. + +wc -w ../helper-files/helper-3.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh index 6b2e9d3d..06fd0b2a 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh @@ -8,3 +8,6 @@ set -euo pipefail # 1 7 39 ../helper-files/helper-2.txt # 3 19 92 ../helper-files/helper-3.txt # 5 30 151 total + +wc ../helper-files/* +# wc -lwc ../helper-files/helper-1.txt ../helper-files/helper-2.txt ../helper-files/helper-3.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/number-systems/README.md b/number-systems/README.md index 77a3bde9..04e16806 100644 --- a/number-systems/README.md +++ b/number-systems/README.md @@ -5,61 +5,74 @@ Do not convert any binary numbers to decimal when solving a question unless the The goal of these exercises is for you to gain an intuition for binary numbers. Using tools to solve the problems defeats the point. Convert the decimal number 14 to binary. -Answer: +Answer: **1110** Convert the binary number 101101 to decimal: -Answer: + Answer: 32+8+4+1 = **45** + AND + It can be **-19** as well, 010011 => 16+2+1 = 19 but negative Which is larger: 1000 or 0111? -Answer: + Answer: If consider as **UNsigned** binary: **1000** as 8 > 7 + OR + If consider as **Signed** binary: **0111** as 7 > -8 0111 + 1 = 1000 => -8 Which is larger: 00100 or 01011? -Answer: + Answer: **01011** What is 10101 + 01010? -Answer: + Answer: **11111** What is 10001 + 10001? -Answer: + Answer: **100010** What's the largest number you can store with 4 bits, if you want to be able to represent the number 0? -Answer: + Answer: **15** How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 255 inclusive? -Answer: + Answer: **8 bits** How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 3 inclusive? -Answer: + Answer: **2 bits** How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 1000 inclusive? -Answer: + Answer: `2^n - 1` => 2^10 - 1 = 1023 => **10 bits** How can you test if a binary number is a power of two (e.g. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ...)? -Answer: + Answer: I can check if the binary number include **ONLY one "1"**, it`s a power of two, since each bit represent a power two. + **But I don`t know what you mean by the word "test" here** Convert the decimal number 14 to hex. -Answer: + Answer: **E** Convert the decimal number 386 to hex. -Answer: + Answer: 386/16 = 24 and 2 remainder + 24/16 = 1 and 8 remainder + 1/16 = 0 and 1 remainder + So **182** Convert the hex number 386 to decimal. -Answer: + Answer: 16^2 * 3 = 768 + 16^1 * 8 = 128 + 16^0 * 6 = 6 + So **902** Convert the hex number B to decimal. -Answer: + Answer: **11** If reading the byte 0x21 as a number, what decimal number would it mean? -Answer: + Answer: **33** If reading the byte 0x21 as an ASCII character, what character would it mean? -Answer: + Answer: According to `ASCII table` it`s **!** If reading the byte 0x21 as a greyscale colour, as described in "Approaches for Representing Colors and Images", what colour would it mean? -Answer: + Answer: Since greyscale colour range can be from `0 (black) to 255 (white)`, and `0x21 = 0d33`, So it means **Very Dark Gray close to Black** If reading the bytes 0xAA00FF as an RGB colour, as described in "Approaches for Representing Colors and Images", what colour would it mean? -Answer: + Answer: Since we got `AA = 170 Red`, `00 = no Green`, `FF = 255 Blue`, it representing **Dark Blue close to Purple** If reading the bytes 0xAA00FF as a sequence of three one-byte decimal numbers, what decimal numbers would they be? -Answer: + Answer: 1st byte `AA` = **170** + 2nd byte `00` = **0** + 3rd byte `FF` = **255** \ No newline at end of file