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## Implementation with FEAScript
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As a demonstration, consider the [solidification front propagation example](https://feascript.com/tutorials/SolidificationFront2D.html). Here, the eikonal equation governs the motion of a solidification interface during processes such as metal cooling. The interface propagates with a speed determined by the material properties (described by the slowness field \\(f(\mathbf{x})\\)). By solving the eikonal equation numerically with vanishing viscosity in FEAScript, we can visualize how the interface evolves over time.
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As a demonstration, consider the [solidification front propagation example](https://feascript.com/tutorials/SolidificationFront2D.html). Here, the eikonal equation governs the motion of a solidification interface during processes such as metal cooling. The interface propagates with a speed determined by the material properties (described by the slowness field \\(f(\mathbf{x})\\)). By solving the eikonal equation numerically with vanishing viscosity in FEAScript, we can visualize how the interface evolves over time. For improved browser performance, you can also try the [web worker implementation](https://feascript.com/tutorials/SolidificationFront2DWorker.html) which performs the calculations in a separate thread.
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This example highlights how a seemingly abstract PDE translates directly into a materials science application, showing FEAScript's versatility for modeling complex physical processes in JavaScript.
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## Conclusions
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The eikonal equation provides a unifying framework for understanding wavefront propagation across physics and engineering: from geometrical optics (Hamilton's original motivation), to seismology, acoustics, and solidification dynamics.
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The eikonal equation provides a unifying framework for understanding wavefront propagation across physics and engineering: from geometrical optics (Hamilton's original motivation), to seismology, acoustics, and solidification dynamics.
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Eikonal's nonlinear nature and its inherent presence of singularities make, however, closed-form analytical solutions rare and numerical treatment challenging. Through the <i>Vanishing Viscosity Method</i> implemented in FEAScript, we gain a robust way to approximate viscosity solutions of the eikonal equation in a JavaScript environment. This demonstrates how modern numerical methods can be embedded directly in accessible, browser-based platforms, lowering the barrier to experimenting with PDEs that once required specialized scientific computing software.
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@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ Eikonal's nonlinear nature and its inherent presence of singularities make, howe
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[^1]: J. Rubinstein, G. Wolansky. "Eikonal functions: Old and new." A Celebration of Mathematical Modeling: The Joseph B. Keller Anniversary Volume, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2004.
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[^2]: J. A. Sethian. "A fast marching level set method for monotonically advancing fronts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93.4 (1996): 1591-1595.
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[^3]: J. Miao. "Viscosity solutions of the eikonal equations." The University of Chicago, 2020.
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[^4]: Y. Yang, W. Hao, Y.-T. Zhang. "A continuous finite element method with homotopy vanishing viscosity for solving the static eikonal equation." Communications in Computational Physics, 31.5 (2022): 1402-1433.
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[^4]: Y. Yang, W. Hao, Y.-T. Zhang. "A continuous finite element method with homotopy vanishing viscosity for solving the static eikonal equation." Communications in Computational Physics, 31.5 (2022): 1402-1433.
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