feat: multi-stage Docker build, add .dockerignore, fix compose command

Author: KNehe

backend/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+.venv
+.env
+.git
+.env.example
+.ruff_cache
+.pytest_cache
+.pre-commit-config.yaml
+.logs
+__pycache__
+tests
+README.md

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
-FROM python:3.12-slim
+# --- Stage 1: Build -----
+FROM python:3.12-slim AS builder
 
 # Install uv.
 COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:latest /uv /uvx /bin/
 
-# Copy the application into the container.
-COPY . /app/backend
+WORKDIR /app/backend
+
+COPY pyproject.toml uv.lock ./
+
+RUN uv sync --frozen --no-cache --no-dev
+
+COPY . .
+
+# --- Stage 2: Runtime -----
+FROM python:3.12-slim AS runtime
 
-# Install the application dependencies.
 WORKDIR /app/backend
-RUN uv sync --frozen --no-cache
 
+COPY --from=builder /app/backend /app/backend
 
 # Run the application.
 CMD ["/app/backend/.venv/bin/fastapi", "run", "main.py", "--port", "80", "--host", "0.0.0.0"]

backend/compose.yaml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ services:
     volumes:
       - .:/app/backend
       - /app/backend/.venv  # Exclude virtual environment from volume mount
-    command: ["uv", "run", "fastapi", "run", "main.py", "--port", "80", "--host", "0.0.0.0", ]
+    command: ["/app/backend/.venv/bin/fastapi", "run", "main.py", "--port", "80", "--host", "0.0.0.0"]
   db:
     image: postgres:16
     container_name: postgres-db