update

199_Absolutive_suffix_in_negative_pronouns.Rmd

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the distribution of the suffixes used in the absolutive forms of the negative pronoun ‘no one‘. This suffix is used to derive the negative pronoun from the absolutive root ‘who?’. The speakers were asked to translate the sentence ‘Nobody came’. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
-The feature shows great variance in form of the absolutive suffix. While the variant -ne / -nä is used by many speakers in different villages, many others are attested as well: -nen in Ikhrek, -nɨ in Myukhrek, -na in Kina, -nik in Shinaz, -ni and -neki / -näki in different villages.
+This feature shows the distribution of the suffixes used in the absolutive forms of the negative pronoun ‘no one‘. This suffix is used to derive the negative pronoun from the absolutive root ‘who?’. The speakers were asked to translate the sentence ‘**Nobody** came’. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
+The feature shows great variance in form of the absolutive suffix. While the variant -*ne* / -*nä* is used by many speakers in different villages, many others are attested as well: -*nen* in Ikhrek, -*nɨ* in Myukhrek, -*na* in Kina, -*nik* in Shinaz, -*ni* and -*neki* / -*näki* in different villages.
 
 
 ## {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}

200_Choice_of_pronoun_in_reflexive_contexts_in_1st_person.Rmd

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the choice of pronoun which is used in reflexive contexts in the 1st person: the 1st person pronoun or the reflexive pronoun. The speakers were asked to translate the following sentence: ‘I’ll go pour myself some tea’ (in Russian: ‘Пойду-ка я налью себе чаю’). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
-In all villages except Khnov, the 1st person pronoun (zɨ[je] / zas in absolutive, zas in dative) was used, while Khnov speakers used the reflexive pronoun.
+This feature shows the choice of pronoun which is used in reflexive contexts in the 1st person: the 1st person pronoun or the reflexive pronoun. The speakers were asked to translate the following sentence: ‘**I**’ll go pour **myself** some tea’ (in Russian: ‘Пойду-ка **я** налью **себе** чаю’). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
+In all villages except Khnov, the 1st person pronoun (*zɨ[je]* / *zad* in absolutive, *zas* in dative) was used, while Khnov speakers used the reflexive pronoun.
 
 
 ## {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}

201_Demonstrative_used_in_anaphoric_contexts.Rmd

@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the form of demonstrative which is used in anaphoric contexts. Two contexts were elicited with each speaker. The first one is: ‘[I have a brother.] *He* lives in Makhachkala’ (human referent), and the second is: ‘[What happened to our house?] *It* is destroyed’ (non-human referent). Almost in all cases, the speakers used the medial demonstrative root. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
-In most villages, the form of the demonstrative in both cases was ha-d. In Rutul and surrounding villages (Kufa and Kiche) the use of ha without the attributive marker was attested in reply to the first context (with the human referent) and sometimes to the second context (with the non-human referent). In Ikhrek and Khnov, the form of the attributive marker distinguishes human and non-human referents: -d is used with the non-human context, while in the human context a special form -dɨ is used.
+This feature shows the form of demonstrative which is used in anaphoric contexts. Two contexts were elicited with each speaker. The first one is: ‘[I have a brother.] **He** lives in Makhachkala’ (human referent), and the second is: ‘[What happened to our house?] **It** is destroyed’ (non-human referent). Almost in all cases, the speakers used the medial demonstrative root. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
+In most villages, the form of the demonstrative in both cases was *ha-d*. In Rutul and surrounding villages (Kufa and Kiche) the use of *ha*- without the attributive marker was attested in reply to the first context (with the human referent) and sometimes to the second context (with the non-human referent). In Ikhrek and Khnov, the form of the attributive marker distinguishes human and non-human referents: -*d* is used with the non-human context, while in the human context a special form -*dɨ* is used.
 
 
-## 3.H {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## 3rd person singular, human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == '3.H')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == '3rd person singular, human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == '3.H') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == '3rd person singular, human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 
@@ -112,13 +112,13 @@ db |>
 ```
 
 
-## 3.NH {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## 3rd person singular, non-human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == '3.NH')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == '3rd person singular, non-human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == '3.NH') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == '3rd person singular, non-human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 

202_Demonstrative_used_in_anaphoric_contrast_(“that_one”).Rmd

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the distribution of demonstratives used in a contrastive anaphoric context. In this feature, not the village-specific form but the choice of one of the three demonstratives is coded. Speakers were asked to translate the stimulus: ‘Rasul came to Magomed’s house, and *that one* didn’t let him in’ (in Russian: ‘…а *тот* его не пустил’). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context). Presence or absence of the emphatic prefix ha-/he- and the specific form of the attributive suffix were ignored for this feature.
-In most cases, the medial demonstrative (ha-/hawa-) was used but sometimes speakers’ first reaction used the distal demonstrative.
+This feature shows the distribution of demonstratives used in a contrastive anaphoric context. In this feature, not the village-specific form but the choice of one of the three demonstratives is coded. Speakers were asked to translate the stimulus: ‘Rasul came to Magomed’s house, and **that one** didn’t let him in’ (in Russian: ‘…*а **тот** его не пустил*’). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context). Presence or absence of the emphatic prefix *ha*-/*he*- and the specific form of the attributive suffix were ignored for this feature.
+In most cases, the medial demonstrative (*ha*-/*hawa*-) was used but sometimes speakers’ first reaction used the distal demonstrative.
 
 
 ## {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}

203_Emphatic_prefix_he-,_ha-_in_demonstratives.Rmd

@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the use of the emphatic prefix he-/ha- in proximal (mi-) and distal (ti-/či-) demonstratives. For each of the two types of demonstratives, speakers were provided a specific context which required the use of one of the demonstratives and asked to translate a Russian sentence with the word книга ‘book’. The contexts were as follows: ‘[I am holding this book.] I am going to give *this book* to you’ (for proximal) and ‘[There is a book lying in the corner of the room.] Give me *that book*!’ (for distal). In each context, use of a specific demonstrative root was expected: mi- for proximal and ti-/či- for distal. In a small number of cases, speakers used a demonstrative root which was not expected in the given context; such cases were marked as OTHER. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context). The prefix is never used with the medial demonstrative root ha- / hawa-.
+This feature shows the use of the emphatic prefix *he*-/*ha*- in proximal (*mi*-) and distal (*ti*-/*či*-) demonstratives. For each of the two types of demonstratives, speakers were provided a specific context which required the use of one of the demonstratives and asked to translate a Russian sentence with the word *книга* ‘book’. The contexts were as follows: ‘[I am holding this book.] I am going to give **this book** to you’ (for proximal) and ‘[There is a book lying in the corner of the room.] Give me **that book**!’ (for distal). In each context, use of a specific demonstrative root was expected: *mi*- for proximal and *ti*-/*či*- for distal. In a small number of cases, speakers used a demonstrative root which was not expected in the given context; such cases were marked as OTHER. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context). The prefix is never used with the medial demonstrative root *ha*-/*hawa*-.
 The use of the prefix with the proximal demonstrative was attested in all villages except Khnov. The use of the prefix with the distal demonstrative is more areally restricted and was attested mostly in Myukhrek, Luchek and surrounding villages.
 
 
-## PROX {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## Proximal (*mi*-) {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'PROX')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'Proximal (*mi*-)')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'PROX') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'Proximal (*mi*-)') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 
@@ -112,13 +112,13 @@ db |>
 ```
 
 
-## DIST {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## Distal (*ti*-/*či*-) {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DIST')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'Distal (*ti*-/*či*-)')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DIST') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'Distal (*ti*-/*či*-)') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 

204_Ergative_stem_in_negative_pronouns.Rmd

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the distribution of the stem suffixes used in the ergative forms of the negative pronoun ‘no one‘. This suffix is attached to the ergative root hal ‘who?’ to derive the ergative stem, followed by the ergative case suffix. The speakers were asked to translate the sentence ‘Nobody did this’. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
-The suffix -n(n)i- was attested in Kina and adjacent villages, -na- in Rutul and Kufa, and -ne- in other villages.
+This feature shows the distribution of the stem suffixes used in the ergative forms of the negative pronoun ‘no one‘. This suffix is attached to the ergative root *hal* ‘who?’ to derive the ergative stem, followed by the ergative case suffix. The speakers were asked to translate the sentence ‘**Nobody** did this’. For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
+The suffix -*n(n)i*- was attested in Kina and adjacent villages, -*na*- in Rutul and Kufa, and -*ne*- in other villages.
 
 
 ## {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}

205_Ergative_stem_in_the_MED_demonstrative.Rmd

@@ -26,18 +26,18 @@ villages |>
   
 ```
 
-This feature shows the specific form of the ergative stem of the medial (ha-) demonstrative. This is the stem used in the ergative form of the demonstrative, followed by the ergative suffix. There are four contexts to distinguish between human / non-human referents and singular / plural referents. The speakers were asked to translate four sentences: ‘*He* said that’ (human singular), ‘*They* said that’ (human plural), ‘[The cow died.] *She* ate bad grass’ (non-human singular), ‘[The cows died.] *They* ate bad grass’ (non-human plural). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
-Ergative stem for singular human referents is ha-nu- / ha-now- in Ikhrek, Myukhrek, Kina, Luchek and adjacent villages; ha-na- in Shinaz; ha-ni(j) in Rutul and adjacent villages. With singular non-human referents, greater variance is observed: ha-ni- in Ikhrek; ha-ji- in Kina and Luchek; ha-dɨ- in Rutul and adjacent villages; ha-jdi- / ha-jdɨ- in Myukhrek, Shinaz and adjacent villages. In Khnov, the distinction between the singular and the plural form was neutralized in the form ha-na-, which is used in both contexts.
-Ergative stem for plural human referents is ha-biš- / ha-bɨš- in all villages except Khnov. With plural referents, stem ha-jmɨ- is attested in Myukhrek, Shinaz, Luchek and adjacent villages, while in Ikhrek and the villages close to Rutul, ha-(m)mɨ- is used. In Khnov, the singular and the plural were neutralized in the plural form ha-(m)mɨ-, which is used in both contexts.
+This feature shows the specific form of the ergative stem of the medial (*ha*-) demonstrative. This is the stem used in the ergative form of the demonstrative, followed by the ergative suffix. There are four contexts to distinguish between human / non-human referents and singular / plural referents. The speakers were asked to translate four sentences: ‘**He** said that’ (human singular), ‘**They** said that’ (human plural), ‘[The cow died.] **She** ate bad grass’ (non-human singular), ‘[The cows died.] **They** ate bad grass’ (non-human plural). For each speaker, first reaction was coded (although the elicitor tried to make sure that this reaction was not an error due to the misunderstanding of the context).
+Ergative stem for singular human referents is *ha-nu-* / *ha-now-* in Ikhrek, Myukhrek, Kina, Luchek and adjacent villages; *ha-na-* in Shinaz; *ha-ni(j)* in Rutul and adjacent villages. With singular non-human referents, greater variance is observed: *ha-ni-* in Ikhrek; *ha-ji-* in Kina and Luchek; *ha-dɨ-* in Rutul and adjacent villages; *ha-jdi-* / *ha-jdɨ-* in Myukhrek, Shinaz and adjacent villages. In Khnov, the distinction between the singular and the plural form was neutralized in the form *ha-na-*, which is used in both contexts.
+Ergative stem for plural human referents is *ha-biš-* / *ha-bɨš-* in all villages except Khnov. With plural referents, stem *ha-jmɨ-* is attested in Myukhrek, Shinaz, Luchek and adjacent villages, while in Ikhrek and the villages close to Rutul, *ha-(m)mɨ-* is used. In Khnov, the singular and the plural were neutralized in the plural form *ha-(m)mɨ-*, which is used in both contexts.
 
 
-## DEM.SG.H {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## singular, human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.SG.H')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'singular, human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.SG.H') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'singular, human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 
@@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ db |>
 ```
 
 
-## DEM.SG.NH {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## singular, non-human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.SG.NH')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'singular, non-human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.SG.NH') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'singular, non-human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 
@@ -195,13 +195,13 @@ db |>
 ```
 
 
-## DEM.PL.H {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## plural, human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.PL.H')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'plural, human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.PL.H') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'plural, human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE, 
@@ -277,13 +277,13 @@ db |>
 ```
 
 
-## DEM.PL.NH {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
+## plural, non-human {.tabset .tabset-fade .tabset-pills}
 
 ### Map
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.PL.NH')  |>
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'plural, non-human')  |>
   filter(!is.na(value),
          value != 'NO DATA') |>
   mutate(value = str_split(value, ' ; ')) |> 
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ map.feature(languages = 'Rutul',
 
 ```{r}
 db |> 
-  filter(feature_lexeme == 'DEM.PL.NH') |> 
+  filter(feature_lexeme == 'plural, non-human') |> 
   select(settlement, value, stimuli, answer, collected) |> 
   DT::datatable(class = 'cell-border stripe', 
     rownames = FALSE,