diff --git a/megatron/core/pipeline_parallel/schedules.py b/megatron/core/pipeline_parallel/schedules.py
index 14fc6041574..3832b7f6514 100644
--- a/megatron/core/pipeline_parallel/schedules.py
+++ b/megatron/core/pipeline_parallel/schedules.py
@@ -104,10 +104,20 @@ def forward_step(data_iterator, model):
     num_microbatches (int, required):
         The number of microbatches to go through
 
-    seq_length (int, required): Sequence length of the current global batch. If this is a dual-stack
-        transformer, this is the encoder's sequence length. This is ignored if variable_seq_lengths
-        in the config is True. Otherwise, each microbatch in the current global batch size must use
-        this sequence length.
+    seq_length (int, required): Sequence length of the current global batch. If this is a
+        dual-stack transformer, this is the encoder's sequence length. Its effect depends on
+        which schedule is selected:
+
+        * ``forward_backward_no_pipelining`` (pp_size=1): ``seq_length`` is unused.
+        * ``forward_backward_pipelining_without_interleaving`` (pp_size>1, vp_size=None):
+          when ``config.variable_seq_lengths=True``, P2P activation tensor shapes are
+          exchanged dynamically and ``seq_length`` is ignored; otherwise every microbatch
+          in the current global batch must use exactly this ``seq_length``.
+        * ``forward_backward_pipelining_with_interleaving`` (pp_size>1, vp_size>1):
+          ``seq_length`` is always used to size the P2P activation buffer as
+          ``[seq_length, micro_batch_size, hidden_size]``. When
+          ``config.variable_seq_lengths=True`` it acts as the per-step maximum sequence
+          length used for P2P; actual microbatches may be shorter, but must not exceed it.
 
     micro_batch_size (int, required): The number of sequences in a microbatch.
 
@@ -911,6 +921,12 @@ def forward_backward_pipelining_with_interleaving(
     """Run interleaved 1F1B schedule (model split into model chunks), with
     communication between pipeline stages as needed.
 
+    ``seq_length`` is required and is always used here to size the P2P activation buffer as
+    ``[seq_length, micro_batch_size, hidden_size]`` (then divided by ``cp_group.size()`` and,
+    when sequence parallelism is enabled, by ``tp_group.size()``). When
+    ``config.variable_seq_lengths=True`` it acts as the per-step maximum sequence length;
+    actual microbatches may be shorter, but must not exceed it.
+
     Returns dictionary with losses if the last stage, empty dict otherwise."""
 
     # Convention used in this function:
@@ -2051,8 +2067,13 @@ def forward_backward_pipelining_without_interleaving(
     ] = None,
     force_all_reduce: Optional[bool] = False,
 ):
-    """Run non-interleaved 1F1B schedule, with communication between pipeline
-    stages. Returns dictionary with losses if the last stage, empty dict otherwise."""
+    """Run non-interleaved 1F1B schedule, with communication between pipeline stages.
+
+    When ``config.variable_seq_lengths=True``, P2P activation tensor shapes are exchanged
+    dynamically (see ``get_tensor_shapes``) and ``seq_length`` is ignored. Otherwise every
+    microbatch in the current global batch must use exactly this ``seq_length``.
+
+    Returns dictionary with losses if the last stage, empty dict otherwise."""
 
     if isinstance(model, list):
         assert (