0400-results.Rmd

# Results

## Field Review

In the field in September and early October 2024 we were able to survey approximately 12 km of Bulkley and Buck mainstem along with 1.5 km of Johnny David and Richfield. Within those areas and elsewhere we reviewed: 

-    14 past prescription sites from @ncfdc1998MidBulkleyDetailed

-   6 prescription locations from the Wet'suwet'en First Nation 2016 report (2 sites were mapped in high resolution with a drone),

-   6 past Healthy Watersheds Initiative sites

-   7 newly proposed sites including both Groot fencing locations, 3 sites on the Wilson property and 2 previously undocumented sites on Mients' property (3 sites were mapped in high resolution with a drone)

-   3 erosion protection sites in the Fraser (on the Lower Chilako River) completed by Chelton VanGloven (2 sites were mapped in high resolution with a drone)

At the time of writing - most of the raw information from this fieldwork was viewable within layers stored the shared QGIS project in the `Project Specific/Field Data/2024` group. Many of the photos from site visits documented in those layers are within the GIS project as well (in desktop QGIS project they are in the `ignore_mobile/photos` directory).

A brief summary of result is below:

-   A recurring theme we observed where prescriptions were drafted and/or where work has been completed or proposed was obvious impacts related to riparian/floodplain vegetation removal and damage to sensitive areas due to cattle trampling and cattle waste products.
-   At past sites where investments have been made - there were insignificant widths set aside for riparian/floodplain vegetation restoration/recovery.
-   The protection of road and rail infrastructure through streambank armoring is not adequately incorporating best practices for vegetating riprap, soft armouring where possible and establishing/restoring effective riparian buffers.

## Collaborative GIS Environment

A summary of background information layers loaded to the `background_layers.gpkg` geopackage of the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project at the time of writing are included in Table \@ref(tab:tab-rfp-tracking).

```{r rfp-tracking-copy, eval = gis_update}
# first we will copy the doc from the Q project to this repo - the location of the Q project is outside of the repo!!
q_path_stub <- "~/Projects/gis/restoration_wedzin_kwa/"

rfp_tracking_raw <- sf::st_read(paste0(q_path_stub, "background_layers.gpkg"),
            layer = "rfp_tracking",
            quite = TRUE)

# grab the metadata
md <- rfp_meta_bcd_xref()

# remove the `_vw` from the end of content
rfp_tracking_prep <- dplyr::left_join(
  rfp_tracking_raw %>% 
    dplyr::arrange(desc(timestamp)) %>% 
    dplyr::distinct(content, .keep_all = FALSE),
  
  md %>% 
    dplyr::select(content = object_name, url = url_browser, description),
  
  by = "content"
) %>% 
  arrange(content)

rfp_tracking_prep %>% 
  readr::write_csv("data/rfp_tracking_prep.csv")

```

```{r tab-rfp-tracking}
rfp_tracking_prep <- readr::read_csv(
  "data/rfp_tracking_prep.csv"
)

rfp_tracking_prep %>% 
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Layers loaded to collaborative GIS project.",
                 footnote_text = "Metadata information for bcfishpass and bcfishobs layers can be provided here in the future but  currently can usually be sourced from https://smnorris.github.io/bcfishpass/06_data_dictionary.html .")



```

## Historic Information Regarding Impacts and Restoration Initiatives

Information amalgamated from past restoration initiatives has been added to the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project in spatial formats through the `sites_restoration.gpkg` with details of source document locations, geometry type, description of the source document amalgamated, etc. documented in the `sites_restoration_gpkg_tracking.csv` file located [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/restoration_wedzin_kwa_2024/blob/main/data/sites_restoration_gpkg_tracking.csv) with results presented in Table \@ref(tab:tab-sites-restoration-gpkg-tracking).

```{r tab-sites-restoration-gpkg-tracking}
readr::read_csv(
  "data/sites_restoration_gpkg_tracking.csv"
) %>% 
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Summary of past restoration initiatives added to the `sites_restoration.gpkg` geopackage of the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project. Work in progress.")
```

<br>

### @price2014UpperBulkleya - Upper Bulkley floodplain habitat: modifications, physical barriers, and sites of potential importance to salmonids

@price2014UpperBulkleya documented human-induced modifications to floodplain habitat and river channelization, investigated potential barriers to fish migration, and assessed areas of upwelling groundwater in the Upper Bulkley mainstem having potential importance to salmonids. The coordinates of points of interest were extracted from a pdf version of the report and are included in the `price_2014_waypoints.csv` file located [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/restoration_wedzin_kwa_2024/blob/main/data/inputs_extracted/price_2014_waypoints.csv) and were added to the `sites_restoration.gpkg` (layer name = price_2014). Individual waypoint information is also presented in Table \@ref(tab:tab-price-2014-waypoints).

```{r extract-price2014, eval = F}
path <- "/Users/airvine/zotero/storage/7JCL42Y3/price_2014_upper_bulkley_floodplain_habitat_-_modifications,_physical_barriers,_and_sites.pdf"

# name our csv we are creating
path_file <- "data/inputs_extracted/price_2014_waypoints.csv"

# define page to extract table
page <- 32


# #if you wanted to define the area to extract would run with this the first time
# tabulapdf::locate_areas(path, pages = page)


# to get.... 
# tab_area = list(c(151.17224,  87.13111, 715.14139,604.27249 ))
# but....looks like it will guess correct with no help so let's do that
tabulapdf::extract_tables(path,
                                  pages = page,
                                  # method = "lattice",
                                  # output = c("tibble"),
                                  # guess = FALSE,
                                  # area = tab_area
                                  ) |> 
  purrr::pluck(1) |> 
  # need to make the first row be the names due to muti-line header
  janitor::row_to_names(1) |> 
  # now let's burn it to a csv so we can correct the types
  readr::write_csv(path_file)

# read it back in to get the types right
tab1 <- readr::read_csv(path_file)

# now let's define the rest of the pages to extract from
page <- 33:36


# build a function to pull them all out at the same time 
extract_tables_multi <- function(page){
  tabulapdf::extract_tables(path,
                                  pages = page,
                                  ) |> 
  purrr::pluck(1) |> 
    # use the names from the header table
  purrr::set_names(nm = names(tab1))
}

# run our function 
tabs_extra <- page |> 
  purrr::map_df(
    extract_tables_multi
  )

# join our og table to our multi-page output but fix a type 
tab <- dplyr::bind_rows(
  tab1 |> dplyr::mutate(number = as.numeric(number)),
  tabs_extra 
) |> 
  # clean the names for the report
  purrr::set_names(nm = stringr::str_to_title(names(tab1))) |> 
  # add a theme
dplyr::mutate(Theme = dplyr::case_when(
  stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("spawning|Spawners", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Spawning",
  stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("culvert|bridge|crossing", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Stream Crossing",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("richfield", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Other", 
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("floodplain", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Floodplain",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("rail", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Railway",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("field|cattle", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Agriculture",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("beaver", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Beaver",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("forest|clearcut|cutblock", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Forestry",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("rip-rap", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Rip-rap",
    stringr::str_detect(Notes, stringr::regex("Log jam", ignore_case = TRUE)) ~ "Log jam",
    
    TRUE ~ "Other" # Default to Other if no other conditions are met
  )) |> 

  #there is an issue at row 182... so fix by appending UB-643 to 645 [UB- to the beginning of the photo series column
  dplyr::mutate(`Photo Series` = dplyr::case_when(
    Number == 182 ~ paste0("UB-643 to 645 [UB-", `Photo Series`),
    TRUE ~ `Photo Series`
  )) |> 
  # remove rows without a Number
  dplyr::filter(!is.na(Number)) 

# burn over our csv so we can put as table in report
tab |> 
  readr::write_csv(path_file, na = '')

# create a spatial file and save to the shared project
tab |> 
  janitor::clean_names() |> 
  # convert the time to character to preserve as gpkg won't accept
    dplyr::mutate(time = as.character(time)) |>
  dplyr::filter(!is.na(easting)) |>
    sf::st_as_sf(coords = c("easting", "northing"), crs = 26909) |>
    sf::st_transform(3005) |>
  # put time after number and put notes as last column
  dplyr::select(number, time, theme, everything()) |>
  
    sf::st_write(
      dsn = "~/Projects/gis/restoration_wedzin_kwa/sites_restoration.gpkg",
      layer = 'price_2014',
      delete_layer = TRUE
    )


```

```{r tab-price-2014-waypoints}
# read in the price 2014 data
price_2014 <- read_csv("data/inputs_extracted/price_2014_waypoints.csv")

# present as table
price_2014 %>% 
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Summary of Price (2014) waypoints for the Upper Bulkley floodplain including locations of river channelization, potential barriers to fish migration, and assessed areas of upwelling groundwater having potential importance to salmonids.")
```

### @ncfdc1998MidBulkleyDetailed - Mid-Bulkley Detailed Fish Habitat/Riparian/Channel Assessment for Watershed Restoration

@ncfdc1998MidBulkleyDetailed utilized detailed fish and fish habitat assessments to inform restoration planning in the Neexdzii Kwah with numerous detailed prescriptions included within their reporting and digital deliverables. Summarized details of this prioritization work and prescription locations and details extracted from the pdf and included in the `ncfdc_1998_prescriptions.csv` file located and viewable [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/restoration_wedzin_kwa_2024/blob/main/data/ncfdc_1998_prescriptions.csv). A summary of prioritization for sub-basins in the region are included in Table \@ref(tab:tab-ncfdc-1998-priority) with detailed prioritization information in Table \@ref(tab:tab-ncfdc-1998-pres) and details of individual prescriptions presented in Table \@ref(tab:tab-ncfdc-1998-priority-detailed) and stored [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/restoration_wedzin_kwa_2024/blob/main/data/inputs_extracted/ncfdc_1998_prescriptions.csv). The prescription dataset has also been converted to a spatial file and added to the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` shared GIS project through the `sites_restoration.gpkg` file (layer name - `ncfdc_1998_prescriptions`).

<br>

```{r tab-ncfdc-1998-priority}

  
ncfdc_1998_71a %>% 
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Table 71a from the NCFDC (1998) report - summary of the prioritization of sub-basins in the Neexdzii Kwah region.",
                 scroll = FALSE)
```

<br>

```{r tab-ncfdc-1998-priority-detailed-prep, eval = F}
# read in from the path using row 4 as teh header

path <- "~/Library/CloudStorage/OneDrive-Personal/Projects/2024-069-ow-wedzin-kwa-restoration/data/ncfdc_1998/Mid Bulkley Detailed FHAP_CAP_RAP/Appendix/AppH.xls"



path_file <- "data/inputs_extracted/ncfdc_1998_73_app_h.csv"

# read in the data, clean and burn to csv
readxl::read_excel(path, skip = 3) |> 
  # fill down for System and Sub-basin columns
  tidyr::fill(System, `Sub-Basin`) |> 
  # save as csv to data/inputs_extracted/ncfdc_1998_73_app_h.csv
  readr::write_csv(path_file)

```

<br>

```{r tab-ncfdc-1998-priority-detailed, results="asis", echo=FALSE}
# read the file back in and present as table

my_caption <- "Table 73 from digital Appendix H of the NCFDC (1998) report (not included in pdf). Decision matrix to prioritize resches for restoration based on watershed position, fisheries value, synergistic (downstream impact) value, the nature of impacts (sorted descending by total weight)"

path_file <- "data/inputs_extracted/ncfdc_1998_73_app_h.csv"

# my_tab_caption()


readr::read_csv(path_file) |> 
  dplyr::arrange(desc(`Total Weight`)) |>
  # my_dt_table(page_length = 5)
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = my_caption)

```

<br>

```{r tab-ncfdc-1998-pres, eval=TRUE}
ncfdc_1998 <- readr::read_csv(
  "data/ncfdc_1998_prescriptions_hand_bomb.csv",
  locale = readr::locale(encoding = "UTF-8")
) 

ncfdc_1998_cleaned <- ncfdc_1998 |>
  dplyr::mutate(
    dplyr::across(
      dplyr::everything(),
      ~ as.character(.) |> 
        stringr::str_replace_all("[^[:alnum:][:space:].,]", "") |> # Retain alphanumeric, spaces, periods, and parentheses
        stringr::str_replace_all("\\.", "\\\\.")    |> 
        stringr::str_replace_all("\\,", "\\\\,") 
    )
  )

ncfdc_1998_cleaned %>% 
  dplyr::select(sub_basin:technical_references) %>% 
  knitr::kable(
    booktabs = T, 
    label = NA, 
    caption = "Summary of  NCFDC (1998) prescriptions for the Neexdzii Kwah area."
    ) |> 
  kableExtra::kable_styling(c("condensed", "responsive"),
                              full_width = T,
                              font_size = font_set) |> 
  kableExtra::scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "500px")




# below was throwing error
# [WARNING] Div at Restoration_Neexdzii_Kwah_2024.knit.md line 8335 column 1 unclosed at Restoration_Neexdzii_Kwah_2024.knit.md line 9788 column 1, closing implicitly.
# it was then not linking to TOC elements beyond Results!!
  # fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Summary of  NCFDC (1998) prescriptions for the Neexdzii Kwah area.")

# this is the problem
  # kableExtra::scroll_box(width = "100%", height = "500px")
# https://chatgpt.com/c/674459e0-6c30-800c-8fe1-ad49e8b53979
```

### @gaboury_smith2016DevelopmentAquatic - Development of Aquatic Restoration Designs and On-Farm Cattle Management Improvements within the Wet'suwet'en irst Nation Territory

## Future Restoration Site Selection

### Evaluation of Historic and Current Imagery
We developed a system as part of this project to identify the IDs of historic ortho photos for specific timeframes and areas within the Upper Bulkley watershed. This system is designed to be flexible, allowing adjustments to parameters such as input year and location, and it can be adapted for use in other regions across the province. The next step involves accessing these photos at the UBC library for physical scanning, which will enable georeferencing, amalgamation, and further analysis. Details on the system and the code we developed are outlined in a blog post [here](https://www.newgraphenvironment.com/new_graphiti/posts/2024-11-15-bcdata-ortho-historic/), with outputs available [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/new_graphiti/tree/main/posts/2024-11-15-bcdata-ortho-historic/exports/). 


### Fish Passage

High priority fish passage restoration opportunities in the Neexdzii Kwah watershed include mulitple culverts on Highway 16 such as Richfield Creek, Johnny David Creek, and Byman Creek along with crossings on private roads, secondary roads and the railway such as Ailport Creek, Perow Creek, tributary to Buck Creek (PSCIS 197640) and Cesford Creek. Some sites have had past work (Johnny Davide) and others are currently progressing through the design process (trib to Buck) with details presented in the following reports which are updated intermittently:

-   [Bulkley Watershed Fish Passage Restoration Planning 2022](https://www.newgraphenvironment.com/fish_passage_bulkley_2022_reporting/)[@irvine2023BulkleyWatershed]
-   [Bulkley River and Morice River Watershed Groups Fish Passage Restoration Planning 2021](https://www.newgraphenvironment.com/fish_passage_skeena_2021_reporting/)[@irvine2022BulkleyRiver]
-   [Bulkley River and Morice River Watershed Groups Fish Passage Restoration Planning 2020](https://www.newgraphenvironment.com/fish_passage_bulkley_2020_reporting/)[@irvine2021BulkleyRiver]
-   Development Of Aquatic Restoration Designs And On-Farm Cattle Management Improvements within the Wet’suwet’en First Nation Territory [@gaboury_smith2016DevelopmentAquatic]

At the time of writing, lateral connectivity analysis had been run for areas of the Neexdzii Kwah and tributaries floodplains for railway only. The results of this analysis are included in the `lateral_habitat.tif` layer in the and viewable in the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project. The results of this analysis and future analysis incorporating major roadways as well (currently under development) will be used to inform future restoration activities.

### Local Knowledge for Riparian Area and Erosion Protection Site Selection

Sites proposed for riparian area and erosion protection activities in the next two fiscal years are located in the `sites_restoration.gpkg` and are viewable in the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project. These sites were selected based on local knowledge and landowner willingness to participate in restoration activities.


### Delineation of Areas of High Fisheries Values

This work is ongoing and will be added to the `restoration_wedzin_kwa` project in the future.

### Parameter Ranking to Select Future Restoration Sites

A summary of an initial draft of GIS and user input parameters used to rank future restoration sites generated from the `restoration_site_priority_parameters.csv` file located [here](https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/restoration_wedzin_kwa_2024/blob/main/data/restoration_site_priority_parameters.csv) is included in Table \@ref(tab:tab-gis-params).

<br>

```{r gis-params-update_meta, eval = gis_update}

# load the data
gis_params_raw_all <- readr::read_csv(
  "data/inputs_raw/restoration_site_priority_parameters_raw.csv"
) 


gis_params_raw_to_update <- gis_params_raw_all %>% 
  dplyr::filter(!is.na(source_schema_table) & 
                  !is.na(source_column_name) &
                  !str_detect(source_schema_table, "bcfishobs|bcfishpass")) %>% 
  # we know that whse_forest_tenure.ften_range_poly_carto_vw is problematic so lets remove
  dplyr::filter(!str_detect(source_schema_table, "whse_forest_tenure.ften_range_poly_carto_vw"))


# grab the details about the source_schema_table as source_schema_table_details and then the 
# source_column_name as source_column_name_details
gis_param_details_prep_schtab <- left_join(
  
  gis_params_raw_to_update,
  
  rfp::rfp_meta_bcd_xref(),
  
  by = c("source_schema_table" = "object_name")
)
  

# grab the column details
params_cols_des <- purrr::map2_df(gis_param_details_prep_schtab$source_schema_table, gis_param_details_prep_schtab$source_column_name, rfp::rfp_meta_bcd_xref_col_comments)

# left_join the column details to the gis_param_details_prep_schtab
gis_param_details_prep <- left_join(
  gis_param_details_prep_schtab,
  params_cols_des,
  by = c("source_schema_table" = "object_name", "source_column_name" = "col_name")
)

# need to add back all the layers filtered out above - this should not be repeated but will do for now
gis_params_raw_all_updated <- bind_rows(
  gis_params_raw_all %>% 
    dplyr::filter(is.na(source_schema_table) | 
                    is.na(source_column_name) |
                    str_detect(source_schema_table, "bcfishobs|bcfishpass") |
                    str_detect(source_schema_table, "whse_forest_tenure.ften_range_poly_carto_vw")),
  gis_param_details_prep
) %>% 
  dplyr::mutate(url_browser = case_when(
    str_detect(source_schema_table, "bcfishobs|bcfishpass") ~ "https://smnorris.github.io/bcfishpass/06_data_dictionary.html",
    TRUE ~ url_browser)
  ) %>% 
  arrange(source_schema_table, source_column_name, column_name_raw)

# this is time consuming so lets save it as a csv and make this chunk conditional on the gis_update flag
gis_params_raw_all_updated %>% 
  write_csv("data/restoration_site_priority_parameters.csv")

```

```{r tab-gis-params, eval = TRUE}
read_csv("data/restoration_site_priority_parameters.csv") |> 
  dplyr::select(
    source_schema_table, 
                source_column_name,
    column_name_raw,
    user_input,
    type,
    url_browser,
    # description_table = description,
    col_comments
    ) |> 
  dplyr::arrange(column_name_raw) |> 
  dplyr::select(column_name_raw, source_column_name, everything()) |> 
  fpr::fpr_kable(caption_text = "Proposed parameters used to document and rank future potential restoration/enhancement sites.",
                 scroll = gitbook_on)

  
```