Python Turtle examples

Author: PhilippeH11

2canvases.py

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+from turtle import TurtleScreen, RawTurtle, TK
+
+
+def main():
+    root = TK.Tk()
+    cv1 = TK.Canvas(root, width=300, height=200, bg="#ddffff")
+    cv2 = TK.Canvas(root, width=300, height=200, bg="#ffeeee")
+    cv1.pack()
+    cv2.pack()
+
+    s1 = TurtleScreen(cv1)
+    s1.bgcolor(0.85, 0.85, 1)
+    s2 = TurtleScreen(cv2)
+    s2.bgcolor(1, 0.85, 0.85)
+
+    p = RawTurtle(s1)
+    q = RawTurtle(s2)
+
+    p.color("red", (1, 0.85, 0.85))
+    p.width(3)
+    q.color("blue", (0.85, 0.85, 1))
+    q.width(3)
+
+    for t in p, q:
+        t.shape("turtle")
+        t.lt(36)
+
+    q.lt(180)
+
+    for t in p, q:
+        t.begin_fill()
+    for i in range(5):
+        for t in p, q:
+            t.fd(50)
+            t.lt(72)
+    for t in p, q:
+        t.end_fill()
+        t.lt(54)
+        t.pu()
+        t.bk(50)
+
+    return "EVENTLOOP"
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
+    TK.mainloop()  # keep window open until user closes it

fractals.py

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+from turtle import *
+from time import sleep, perf_counter as clock
+
+
+class CurvesTurtle(Pen):
+    # example derived from
+    # Turtle Geometry: The Computer as a Medium for Exploring Mathematics
+    # by Harold Abelson and Andrea diSessa
+    # p. 96-98
+    def hilbert(self, size, level, parity):
+        if level == 0:
+            return
+        # rotate and draw first subcurve with opposite parity to big curve
+        self.left(parity * 90)
+        self.hilbert(size, level - 1, -parity)
+        # interface to and draw second subcurve with same parity as big curve
+        self.forward(size)
+        self.right(parity * 90)
+        self.hilbert(size, level - 1, parity)
+        # third subcurve
+        self.forward(size)
+        self.hilbert(size, level - 1, parity)
+        # fourth subcurve
+        self.right(parity * 90)
+        self.forward(size)
+        self.hilbert(size, level - 1, -parity)
+        # a final turn is needed to make the turtle
+        # end up facing outward from the large square
+        self.left(parity * 90)
+
+    # Visual Modeling with Logo: A Structural Approach to Seeing
+    # by James Clayson
+    # Koch curve, after Helge von Koch who introduced this geometric figure in 1904
+    # p. 146
+    def fractalgon(self, n, rad, lev, dir):
+        import math
+
+        # if dir = 1 turn outward
+        # if dir = -1 turn inward
+        edge = 2 * rad * math.sin(math.pi / n)
+        self.pu()
+        self.fd(rad)
+        self.pd()
+        self.rt(180 - (90 * (n - 2) / n))
+        for i in range(n):
+            self.fractal(edge, lev, dir)
+            self.rt(360 / n)
+        self.lt(180 - (90 * (n - 2) / n))
+        self.pu()
+        self.bk(rad)
+        self.pd()
+
+    # p. 146
+    def fractal(self, dist, depth, dir):
+        if depth < 1:
+            self.fd(dist)
+            return
+        self.fractal(dist / 3, depth - 1, dir)
+        self.lt(60 * dir)
+        self.fractal(dist / 3, depth - 1, dir)
+        self.rt(120 * dir)
+        self.fractal(dist / 3, depth - 1, dir)
+        self.lt(60 * dir)
+        self.fractal(dist / 3, depth - 1, dir)
+
+
+def main():
+    ft = CurvesTurtle()
+
+    ft.reset()
+    ft.speed(0)
+    ft.ht()
+    ft.getscreen().tracer(1, 0)
+    ft.pu()
+
+    size = 6
+    ft.setpos(-33*size, -32*size)
+    ft.pd()
+
+    ta = clock()
+    ft.fillcolor("red")
+    ft.begin_fill()
+    ft.fd(size)
+
+    ft.hilbert(size, 6, 1)
+
+    # frame
+    ft.fd(size)
+    for i in range(3):
+        ft.lt(90)
+        ft.fd(size*(64+i % 2))
+    ft.pu()
+    for i in range(2):
+        ft.fd(size)
+        ft.rt(90)
+    ft.pd()
+    for i in range(4):
+        ft.fd(size*(66+i % 2))
+        ft.rt(90)
+    ft.end_fill()
+    tb = clock()
+    res = "Hilbert: %.2fsec. " % (tb-ta)
+
+    sleep(3)
+
+    ft.reset()
+    ft.speed(0)
+    ft.ht()
+    ft.getscreen().tracer(1, 0)
+
+    ta = clock()
+    ft.color("black", "blue")
+    ft.begin_fill()
+    ft.fractalgon(3, 250, 4, 1)
+    ft.end_fill()
+    ft.begin_fill()
+    ft.color("red")
+    ft.fractalgon(3, 200, 4, -1)
+    ft.end_fill()
+    tb = clock()
+    res += "Koch: %.2fsec." % (tb-ta)
+    return res
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    msg = main()
+    print(msg)
+    mainloop()

hanoi.py

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+from turtle import *
+
+
+class Disc(Turtle):
+    def __init__(self, n):
+        Turtle.__init__(self, shape="square", visible=False)
+        self.pu()
+        self.shapesize(1.5, n*1.5, 2)  # square-->rectangle
+        self.fillcolor(n/6., 0, 1-n/6.)
+        self.st()
+
+
+class Tower(list):
+    "Hanoi tower, a subclass of built-in type list"
+
+    def __init__(self, x):
+        "create an empty tower. x is x-position of peg"
+        self.x = x
+
+    def push(self, d):
+        d.setx(self.x)
+        d.sety(-150+34*len(self))
+        self.append(d)
+
+    def pop(self):
+        d = list.pop(self)
+        d.sety(150)
+        return d
+
+
+def hanoi(n, from_, with_, to_):
+    if n > 0:
+        hanoi(n-1, from_, to_, with_)
+        to_.push(from_.pop())
+        hanoi(n-1, with_, from_, to_)
+
+
+def play():
+    onkey(None, "space")
+    clear()
+    try:
+        hanoi(6, t1, t2, t3)
+        write("press STOP button to exit",
+              align="center", font=("Courier", 16, "bold"))
+    except Terminator:
+        pass  # turtledemo user pressed STOP
+
+
+def main():
+    global t1, t2, t3
+    ht()
+    penup()
+    goto(0, -225)   # writer turtle
+    t1 = Tower(-250)
+    t2 = Tower(0)
+    t3 = Tower(250)
+    # make tower of 6 discs
+    for i in range(6, 0, -1):
+        t1.push(Disc(i))
+    # prepare spartanic user interface ;-)
+    write("press spacebar to start game",
+          align="center", font=("Courier", 16, "bold"))
+    onkey(play, "space")
+    listen()
+    return "EVENTLOOP"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    msg = main()
+    print(msg)
+    mainloop()

main.py

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+from turtle import *
+color('red', 'yellow')
+begin_fill()
+while True:
+    forward(200)
+    left(170)
+    if abs(pos()) < 1:
+        break
+end_fill()
+done()

peace.py

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+from turtle import *
+
+
+def main():
+    peacecolors = ("red3",  "orange", "yellow",
+                   "seagreen4", "orchid4",
+                   "royalblue1", "dodgerblue4")
+
+    reset()
+    Screen()
+    up()
+    goto(-320, -195)
+    width(70)
+
+    for pcolor in peacecolors:
+        color(pcolor)
+        down()
+        forward(640)
+        up()
+        backward(640)
+        left(90)
+        forward(66)
+        right(90)
+
+    width(25)
+    color("white")
+    goto(0, -170)
+    down()
+
+    circle(170)
+    left(90)
+    forward(340)
+    up()
+    left(180)
+    forward(170)
+    right(45)
+    down()
+    forward(170)
+    up()
+    backward(170)
+    left(90)
+    down()
+    forward(170)
+    up()
+
+    goto(0, 300)  # vanish if hideturtle() is not available ;-)
+    return "Done!"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+    mainloop()