🔥 Smart IoT Fire Emergency Alert System

📘 Project Overview

This project is a real-time fire emergency detection and alert system using the ESP32-CAM, various sensors, Firebase Realtime Database, and a Leaflet-based web dashboard. The system monitors for critical fire conditions and sends alerts with precise location data to a custom-built web interface.

❓ Why We Need This

• Fire accidents are unpredictable and can spread rapidly — early detection is crucial.
• Manual fire watch systems are inefficient and often fail to react fast.
• This system provides a real-time, automated, and location-aware response that can prevent loss of life and property.
• It’s scalable for smart homes, industrial environments, warehouses, and even smart city infrastructure.

📸 Screenshots

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🎯 Objectives

• Detect real fire emergencies using a combination of temperature, gas, and flame sensors.
• Send real-time alerts to Firebase when all conditions for fire are met.
• Display live alerts and pin the location on a web map using Leaflet.
• Make the system lightweight, fast, and ideal for emergency response scenarios.

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⚙️ Hardware Components Used

Component	Description
ESP32-CAM	Microcontroller with WiFi and camera module
DHT11	Temperature and humidity sensor
MQ-2 Gas Sensor	Detects gas, smoke, butane, propane, etc.
Flame Sensor (IR)	Detects visible flame (lighter, fire)
Breadboard + Jumper Wires	For connections and prototyping
Power Source	5V power supply or USB for ESP32-CAM

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🛠️ Software & Technologies

Tool/Tech	Purpose
Arduino IDE	Microcontroller programming
Firebase Realtime DB	Cloud backend for data logging & sync
HTML + CSS + JavaScript	Web interface
Leaflet.js	Interactive real-time map visualization
Firebase JS SDK	Web integration with Firebase

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🧠 How It Works

1. Sensor Readings:

   • Flame: Detects if a fire is visually visible (LOW = detected)
   • MQ2: Analog gas reading, sensitive to smoke/butane
   • DHT11: Measures temperature and humidity

2. Decision Logic (ESP32 Code):

   • All 3 conditions must be met: High temp (>50°C), High gas, Flame present
   • If so, a Firebase alert is sent with sensor values and exact coordinates

3. Web Dashboard:

   • Uses Leaflet map to plot the alert location
   • Displays card with alert type, timestamp, and sensor readings

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🗺️ Firebase Data Format Example

{
  "status": "CRITICAL",
  "fire": true,
  "gas": 725,
  "temp": 56.3,
  "humidity": 41.2,
  "lat": LATITUDE,
  "lon": LONGITUDE
}

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🚨 Real-time Workflow

1. Fire conditions detected by hardware
2. Firebase gets updated with critical data
3. Web page reads this and plots real-time alert on map

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📦 Deployment Notes

• The ESP32 sends data directly to Firebase.
• Web dashboard can be deployed to Netlify or Vercel.
• Requires no backend — pure frontend + Firebase logic.

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🏁 Final Thoughts

This project is a practical example of how IoT and real-time web technologies can be used for smart alert systems. It's scalable, efficient, and a solid foundation for larger smart city safety networks.

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