7) Object Oriented Programming.js

// Create a Basic JavaScript Object
let dog = {
    name: "Spot",
    numLegs: 4
}

// Use Dot Notation to Access the Properties of an Object
let dog = {
    name: "Spot",
    numLegs: 4
};
console.log(dog.name, dog.numLegs);

// Create a Method on an Object
let dog = {
    name: "Spot",
    numLegs: 4,
    sayLegs: function() {return "This dog has " + dog.numLegs + " legs.";}
};
console.log(dog.sayLegs());

// Make Code More Reusable with the this Keyword
let dog = {
    name: "Spot",
    numLegs: 4,
    sayLegs: function() {return "This dog has " + this.numLegs + " legs.";}
};
console.log(dog.sayLegs());

// Define a Constructor Function
function Dog() {
    this.name = "Spot";
    this.color = "brown";
    this.numLegs = 4;
}

// Use a Constructor to Create Objects
function Dog() {
    this.name = "Rupert";
    this.color = "brown";
    this.numLegs = 4;
}
let hound = new Dog();

// Extend Constructors to Receive Arguments
function Dog(name, color) {
    this.name = name;
    this.color = color;
    this.numLegs = 4;
}
let terrier = new Dog("Rupert", "brown");

// Verify an Object's Constructor with instanceof
function House(numBedrooms) {
    this.numBedrooms = numBedrooms;
}
let myHouse = new House(4);
console.log(myHouse instanceof House);

// Understand Own Properties
function Bird(name) {
    this.name = name;
    this.numLegs = 2;
}
let canary = new Bird("Tweety");
let ownProps = [];
for (let property in canary) {
    if(canary.hasOwnProperty(property)) {
        ownProps.push(property);
    }
}
console.log(ownProps);

// Use Prototype Properties to Reduce Duplicate Code
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Dog.prototype.numLegs = 4;
let beagle = new Dog("Snoopy");
console.log(beagle.numLegs);

// Iterate Over All Properties
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Dog.prototype.numLegs = 4;
let beagle = new Dog("Snoopy");
let ownProps = [];
let prototypeProps = [];
for (let property in beagle) {
    if(beagle.hasOwnProperty(property)) {
        ownProps.push(property);
    } else {
        prototypeProps.push(property);
    }
}
console.log(ownProps);
console.log(prototypeProps);

// Understand the Constructor Property
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
function joinDogFraternity(candidate) {
    if(candidate.constructor === Dog) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

// Change the Prototype to a New Object
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Dog.prototype = {
    numLegs: 4,
    eat: function() {
        console.log("nom nom nom");
    },
    describe: function() {
        console.log("My name is " + this.name);
    }
};

// Remember to Set the Constructor Property when Changing the Prototype
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Dog.prototype = {
    constructor: Dog,
    numLegs: 4,
    eat: function() {
        console.log("nom nom nom");
    },
    describe: function() {
        console.log("My name is " + this.name);
    }
};

// Understand Where an Object’s Prototype Comes From
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
let beagle = new Dog("Snoopy");
console.log(Dog.prototype.isPrototypeOf(beagle));

// Understand the Prototype Chain
function Dog(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
let beagle = new Dog("Snoopy");
Dog.prototype.isPrototypeOf(beagle);
Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf(Dog.prototype);

// Use Inheritance So You Don't Repeat Yourself
function Cat(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Cat.prototype = {
    constructor: Cat,
};
function Bear(name) {
    this.name = name;
}
Bear.prototype = {
    constructor: Bear,
};
function Animal() { }
Animal.prototype = {
    constructor: Animal,
    eat: function() {
        console.log("nom nom nom");
    }
};

// Inherit Behaviors from a Supertype
function Animal() { }
Animal.prototype = {
    constructor: Animal,
    eat: function() {
        console.log("nom nom nom");
    }
};
let duck = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
let beagle = Object.create(Animal.prototype);

// Set the Child's Prototype to an Instance of the Parent
function Animal() { }
Animal.prototype = {
    constructor: Animal,
    eat: function() {
        console.log("nom nom nom");
    }
};
function Dog() { }
Dog.prototype = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
let beagle = new Dog();

// Reset an Inherited Constructor Property
function Animal() { }
function Bird() { }
function Dog() { }
Bird.prototype = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
Dog.prototype = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
Bird.prototype.constructor = Bird;
Dog.prototype.constructor = Dog;
let duck = new Bird();
let beagle = new Dog();

// Add Methods After Inheritance
function Animal() { }
Animal.prototype.eat = function() { console.log("nom nom nom"); };
function Dog() { }
Dog.prototype = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
Dog.prototype.constructor = Dog;
Dog.prototype.bark = function() { console.log("Woof!"); };
let beagle = new Dog();

// Override Inherited Methods
function Bird() { }
Bird.prototype.fly = function() { return "I am flying!"; };
function Penguin() { }
Penguin.prototype = Object.create(Bird.prototype);
Penguin.prototype.constructor = Penguin;
Penguin.prototype.fly = function() { return "Alas, this is a flightless bird."; };
let penguin = new Penguin();
console.log(penguin.fly());

// Use a Mixin to Add Common Behavior Between Unrelated Objects
let bird = {
    name: "Donald",
    numLegs: 2
};
let boat = {
    name: "Warrior",
    type: "race-boat"
};
let glideMixin = function(obj) {
    obj.glide = function() {
        console.log("Gliding, wooosh!");
    }
};
glideMixin(bird);
glideMixin(boat);
bird.glide();
boat.glide();

// Use Closure to Protect Properties Within an Object from Being Modified Externally
function Bird() {
    let weight = 15;
    this.getWeight = function() {
        return weight;
    }
}

// Understand the Immediately Invoked Function Expression (IIFE)
(function() {
    console.log("A cozy nest is ready");
})();
makeNest();

// Use an IIFE to Create a Module
let funModule = (function() {
    return {
        isCuteMixin: function(obj) {
            obj.isCute = function() {
                return true;
            };
        },
        singMixin: function(obj) {
            obj.sing = function() {
                console.log("Singing to an awesome tune");
            };
        }
    }
})();