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gcodepreview.tex
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% gcodepreview.tex
% Author: William F. Adams (willadams at aol dot com)
% Copyright 2021--25 William F. Adams
%
% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
% Version 2.1, February 1999
%
% This work consists of the files listed in the README file.
%
%
%
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
%https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/722886/how-to-write-out-multiple-text-files-from-multiple-instances-of-latex-environmen
\usepackage{literati}
\usepackage[paper=legalpaper, left=1.75in, right=0.75in, top=1in, bottom=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage[debug, acronym]{glossaries}
% Generate the glossary
\makeglossaries
\newcommand{\includeimage}[1]{\bigskip\noindent\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{images/#1}\bigskip}
%\usepackage{glossaries}
%\makeglossaries
\begin{document}
%\DoNotIndex{\bullet}
%\changes{v0.8}{2024/11/11}{Re-write in Python and OpenSCAD}
\def\fileversion{v0.8} \def\filedate{2025/01/29}
%## Version History
%\changes{v0.71}{2024/11/11}{Restore G2/G3 arcs, roundover tooling}
%\def\fileversion{v0.71} \def\filedate{2024/11/29}
%\changes{v0.7}{2024/11/11}{Python re-write}
%\def\fileversion{v0.7} \def\filedate{2024/11/11}
%\changes{v0.61}{2024/09/08}{modules and tests}
%\def\fileversion{v0.61} \def\filedate{2024/09/08}
%\changes{v0.6}{2024/08/30}{modules and setupstock}
%\def\fileversion{v0.6} \def\filedate{2024/08/30}
%\changes{v0.5}{2024/08/10}{DXFs and images}
%\def\fileversion{v0.5} \def\filedate{2024/08/10}
%\changes{v0.4}{2024/07/28}{Literary re-write}
%\def\fileversion{v0.4} \def\filedate{2024/07/28}
%\changes{v0.3}{2024/07/01}{Curves and roundover tooling}
%\def\fileversion{v0.3} \def\filedate{2024/07/01}
%\changes{v0.2}{2024/04/12}{Initial conversion to DTX}
%\def\dtxfile{gcodepreview.dtx}
\title{The gcodepreview PythonSCAD library\thanks{This
file (\texttt{\jobname}) has version number \fileversion, last revised
\filedate.}}
\author{%
Author: William F. Adams\\
\texttt{willadams at aol dot com}
}
\date{\filedate}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
\noindent The gcodepreview library allows using PythonSCAD (OpenPythonSCAD) to move a tool in lines and arcs and output \textsc{dxf} and G-code files so as to work as a \textsc{cad}/\allowbreak \textsc{cam} program for \textsc{cnc}.
\end{abstract}
%\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}
\tableofcontents
\clearpage
\section{readme.md}
\begin{readme}
# gcodepreview
PythonSCAD library for moving a tool in lines and arcs so as to model how a part would be cut using G-Code, so as to allow PythonSCAD to function as a compleat CAD/CAM solution for subtractive 3-axis CNC (mills and routers at this time, 4th-axis support may come in a future version) by writing out G-code in addition to 3D modeling (in some cases toolpaths which would not normally be feasible), and to write out DXF files which may be imported into a traditional CAM program to create toolpaths.
Updated to make use of Python in OpenSCAD:[^rapcad]
[^rapcad]: Previous versions had used RapCAD, so as to take advantage of the writeln command, which has since been re-written in Python.
https://pythonscad.org/ (previously this was http://www.guenther-sohler.net/openscad/ )
A BlockSCAD file for the initial version of the
main modules is available at:
https://www.blockscad3d.com/community/projects/1244473
The project is discussed at:
https://willadams.gitbook.io/design-into-3d/programming
Since it is now programmed using Literate Programming (initially a .dtx, now a .tex file) there is a PDF: https://github.com/WillAdams/gcodepreview/blob/main/gcodepreview.pdf which includes all of the source code with formatted commentary.
The files for this library are:
- gcodepreview.py (gcpy) --- the Python functions and variables
- gcodepreview.scad (gcpscad) --- OpenSCAD modules and variables
- gcodepreviewtemplate.scad (gcptmpl) --- .scad example file
- gcodepreviewtemplate.py (gcptmplpy) --- .py example file (which requires PythonSCAD)
- gcpdxf.py (gcpdxfpy) --- .py example file which only makes dxf file(s) and which will run in "normal" Python
If using from PythonSCAD, place the files in C:\Users\\\~\Documents\OpenSCAD\libraries [^libraries]
[^libraries]: C:\Users\\\~\Documents\RapCAD\libraries is deprecated since RapCAD is no longer needed since Python is now used for writing out files.
and call as:
use <gcodepreview.py>
include <gcodepreview.scad>
Note that it is necessary to use the first file (this allows loading the Python commands (it used to be necessary to use an intermediary .scad file so as to wrap them in OpenSCAD commands) and then include the last file (which allows using OpenSCAD variables to selectively implement the Python commands via their being wrapped in OpenSCAD modules) and define variables which match the project and then use commands such as:
opengcodefile(Gcode_filename);
opendxffile(DXF_filename);
gcp = gcodepreview(true, true, true);
setupstock(219, 150, 8.35, "Top", "Center");
movetosafeZ();
toolchange(102, 17000);
cutline(219/2, 150/2, -8.35);
stockandtoolpaths();
closegcodefile();
closedxffile();
which makes a G-code file:
but one which could only be sent to a machine so as to cut only the softest and most yielding of materials since it makes a single full-depth pass, and of which has a matching DXF which may be imported into a CAM tool --- but which it is not directly possible to assign a toolpath in readily available CAM tools (since it varies in depth from beginning-to-end).
Importing this DXF and actually cutting it is discussed at:
https://forum.makerforums.info/t/rewriting-gcodepreview-with-python/88617/14
Alternately, gcodepreview.py may be placed in a Python library location and used directly from Python --- note that it is possible to use it from a "normal" Python when generating only DXFs.
Tool numbers match those of tooling sold by Carbide 3D (ob. discl., I work for them).
Comments are included in the G-code to match those expected by CutViewer, allowing a direct preview without the need to maintain a tool library.
Supporting OpenSCAD usage makes possible such examples as: openscad_gcodepreview_cutjoinery.tres.scad which is made from an OpenSCAD Graph Editor file:
| Version | Notes |
| ------------- | ------------- |
| 0.1 | Version supports setting up stock, origin, rapid positioning, making cuts, and writing out matching G-code, and creating a DXF with polylines. |
| | - separate dxf files are written out for each tool where tool is ball/square/V and small/large (10/31/23) |
| | - re-writing as a Literate Program using the LaTeX package docmfp (begun 4/12/24) |
| | - support for additional tooling shapes such as dovetail and keyhole tools |
| 0.2 | Adds support for arcs, specialty toolpaths such as Keyhole which may be used for dovetail as well as keyhole cutters |
| 0.3 | Support for curves along the 3rd dimension, roundover tooling |
| 0.4 | Rewrite using literati documentclass, suppression of SVG code, dxfrectangle |
| 0.5 | More shapes, consolidate rectangles, arcs, and circles in gcodepreview.scad |
| 0.6 | Notes on modules, change file for setupstock |
| 0.61 | Validate all code so that it runs without errors from sample (NEW: Note that this version is archived as gcodepreview-openscad_0_6.tex and the matching PDF is available as well|
| 0.7 | Re-write completely in Python |
| 0.8 | Re-re-write completely in Python and OpenSCAD, iteratively testing |
| 0.801 | Add support for bowl bits with flat bottom |
Possible future improvements:
- support for additional tooling shapes (tapered ball nose, lollipop cutters)
- create a single line font for use where text is wanted
- Support Bézier curves (required for fonts if not to be limited to lines and arcs) and surfaces
Note for G-code generation that it is up to the user to implement Depth per Pass so as to not take a single full-depth pass as noted above. Working from a DXF of course allows one to off-load such considerations to a specialized CAM tool.
Deprecated feature:
- exporting SVGs --- coordinate system differences between OpenSCAD/DXFs and SVGs would require managing the inversion of the coordinate system (using METAPOST, which shares the same orientation and which can write out SVGs may be used for future versions)
To-do:
- fix OpenSCAD wrapper and add any missing commands for Python
- reposition cutroundover command into cutshape
- re-work architecture so that shaft is always defined/included (in a different colour so as to identify instances of rubbing)
- work on rotary axis option
\end{readme}
% - pygcodepreview.scad (pyscad) --- the Python functions wrapped in OpenSCAD (deprecated)
% - cut2Dshapes.scad (cut2D) --- code for cutting 2D shapes
\clearpage
\section{Usage and Templates}
The gcodepreview library allows the modeling of \textsc{2d} geometry and \textsc{3d} shapes using Python or by calling Python from within (Open)PythonSCAD, enabling the creation of \textsc{2d} \textsc{dxf}s, G-code, or \textsc{3d}~models as a preview of how the file will cut. These abilities may be accessed in ``plain'' Python (to make \textsc{dxf}s), or Python or OpenSCAD in PythonSCAD (to make G-code and/or for \textsc{3d}~modeling). Providing them in a programmatic context allows making parts or design elements of parts (e.g., joinery) which would be tedious to draw by hand in a traditional CAD or vector drawing application. A further consideration is that this is ``Design for Manufacture'' taken to its ultimate extreme, and that a part so designed is inherently manufacturable.
The various commands are shown all together in templates so as to provide examples of usage, and to ensure that the various files are used/included as necessary, all variables are set up with the correct names (note that the sparse template in \verb|readme.md| eschews variables), and that files are opened before being written to, and that each is closed at the end in the correct order. Note that while the template files seem overly verbose, they specifically incorporate variables for each tool shape, possibly in two different sizes, and a feed rate parameter or ratio for each, which may be used (by setting a tool \#) or ignored (by leaving the variable for a given tool at zero (0).
It should be that the readme at the project page which serves as an overview, and this section (which serves as a tutorial) is all the documentation which most users will need (and arguably is still too much).
%TODO
%A command glossary may be added in a future version.
The balance of the document after this section shows all the code and implementation details, and will where appropriate show examples of usage excerpted from the template files (serving as a how-to guide as well as documenting the code) as well as Indices (which serve as a front-end for reference).
\includeimage{panorama.pdf}
%TODO Implement command glossary
Some comments on the templates:
\begin{itemize}
\item minimal --- each is intended as a framework for a minimal working example (\textsc{mwe}) --- it should be possible to comment out unused/unneeded portions and so arrive at code which tests any aspect of this project
\item compleat --- a quite wide variety of tools are listed (and probably more will be
added in the future), but pre-defining them and having these ``hooks''
seems the easiest mechanism to handle everything.
% (non-object-oriented)
% Arguably, the architecture needs to be re-worked so that tool \#s are
% optional.
\item shortcuts --- as the various examples show, while in real life it is necessary to
make many passes with a tool, an expedient shortcut is to forgo the
\verb|loop| operation and just use a \verb|hull()| operation and implementing
Depth per Pass (but note that this will lose the previewing of scalloped tool
marks in places where they might appear otherwise)
\end{itemize}
One fundamental aspect of this tool is the question of \emph{Layers of Abstraction} (as put forward by Dr. Donald Knuth as the crux of computer science) and \emph{Problem Decomposition} (Prof. John Ousterhout's answer to that question). To a great degree, the basic implementation of this tool will use G-code as a reference implementation, simultaneously using the abstraction from the mechanical task of machining which it affords as a decomposed version of that task, and creating what is in essence, both a front-end, and a tool, and an API for working with G-code programmatically. This then requires an architecture which allows \textsc{3d} modeling (OpenSCAD), and writing out files (Python).
Further features will be added to the templates as they are created, and the main image updated to reflect the capabilities of the system.
%Creating a template from memory, the file should be something like:
%
%List of all tools
%chipload for each tool
%Depth per Pass for each tool
%scaling factor for chipload to arrive at feeds and speeds
%Booleans for generateDXF/Gcode, 3D Preview, assembly or parts or drop-down list of parts, &c.
%
%setupstock --- should this open gcode/dxf files as well?
%
%toolchange to first tool
%
%Rapid to location of first cut
%cutline/cutarc --- iterate as needed
%Rapid to safe height
%
%Program END --- should close gcode/DXF files and include rapid to safe height and rapid to back
\subsection{gcpdxf.py}
The most basic usage, with the fewest dependencies is to use ``plain'' Python to create \verb|dxf| files. Note that this example includes an optional command \verb|(openscad.)nimport(<URL>)| which if enabled/uncommented (and the following line commented out), will import the library from Github, sidestepping the need to download and install the library.
%NOTE THAT:
%nimport("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WillAdams/gcodepreview/refs/heads/main/gcodepreview.py")
%should be researched (and has been reported as not working)
\lstset{firstnumber=1}%\thegcpdxf}
\begin{writecode}{w}{gcpdxf.py}{python}
from openscad import *
# nimport("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WillAdams/gcodepreview/refs/heads/main/gcodepreview.py")
from gcodepreview import *
gcp = gcodepreview(False, # generatepaths
False, # generategcode
True # generatedxf
)
# [Stock] */
stockXwidth = 100
# [Stock] */
stockYheight = 50
# [Export] */
Base_filename = "dxfexport"
# [CAM] */
large_square_tool_num = 102
# [CAM] */
small_square_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
large_ball_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
small_ball_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
large_V_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
small_V_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
DT_tool_num = 374
# [CAM] */
KH_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
Roundover_tool_num = 0
# [CAM] */
MISC_tool_num = 0
# [Design] */
inset = 3
# [Design] */
radius = 6
# [Design] */
cornerstyle = "Fillet" # "Chamfer", "Flipped Fillet"
gcp.opendxffile(Base_filename)
#gcp.opendxffiles(Base_filename,
# large_square_tool_num,
# small_square_tool_num,
# large_ball_tool_num,
# small_ball_tool_num,
# large_V_tool_num,
# small_V_tool_num,
# DT_tool_num,
# KH_tool_num,
# Roundover_tool_num,
# MISC_tool_num)
gcp.dxfrectangle(large_square_tool_num, 0, 0, stockXwidth, stockYheight)
gcp.dxfarc(large_square_tool_num, inset, inset, radius, 0, 90)
gcp.dxfarc(large_square_tool_num, stockXwidth - inset, inset, radius, 90, 180)
gcp.dxfarc(large_square_tool_num, stockXwidth - inset, stockYheight - inset, radius, 180, 270)
gcp.dxfarc(large_square_tool_num, inset, stockYheight - inset, radius, 270, 360)
gcp.dxfline(large_square_tool_num, inset, inset + radius, inset, stockYheight - (inset + radius))
gcp.dxfline(large_square_tool_num, inset + radius, inset, stockXwidth - (inset + radius), inset)
gcp.dxfline(large_square_tool_num, stockXwidth - inset, inset + radius, stockXwidth - inset, stockYheight - (inset + radius))
gcp.dxfline(large_square_tool_num, inset + radius, stockYheight-inset, stockXwidth - (inset + radius), stockYheight - inset)
gcp.dxfrectangle(large_square_tool_num, radius +inset, radius, stockXwidth/2 - (radius * 4), stockYheight - (radius * 2), cornerstyle, radius)
gcp.dxfrectangle(large_square_tool_num, stockXwidth/2 + (radius * 2) + inset, radius, stockXwidth/2 - (radius * 4), stockYheight - (radius * 2), cornerstyle, radius)
#gcp.dxfrectangleround(large_square_tool_num, 64, 7, 24, 36, radius)
#gcp.dxfrectanglechamfer(large_square_tool_num, 64, 7, 24, 36, radius)
#gcp.dxfrectangleflippedfillet(large_square_tool_num, 64, 7, 24, 36, radius)
gcp.dxfcircle(large_square_tool_num, stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/2, radius * 2)
gcp.dxfKH(374, stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/5*3, 0, -7, 270, 11.5875)
#gcp.closedxffiles()
gcp.closedxffile()
\end{writecode}
\addtocounter{gcpdxfpy}{40}
\noindent which creates:
\bigskip
\includeimage{gcpdxf.pdf}
\bigskip
\noindent and which may be imported into pretty much any CAD or CAM application. Note that the lines referencing multiple files (\verb|open/closedxffiles|) may be uncommented if the project wants separate \verb|dxf| files for different tools.
As shown/implied by the above code, the following commands/shapes are implemented:
\begin{itemize}
\item \verb|dxfrectangle| (specify lower-left and upper-right corners)
\subitem\verb|dxfrectangleround| (specified as ``Fillet'' and radius for the round option)
\subitem\verb|dxfrectanglechamfer| (specified as ``Chamfer'' and radius for the round option)
\subitem\verb|dxfrectangleflippedfillet| (specified as ``Flipped Fillet'' and radius for the option)
\item \verb|dxfcircle| (specifying their center and radius)
\item \verb|dxfline| (specifying begin/end points)
\item \verb|dxfarc| (specifying arc center, radius, and beginning/ending angles)
\item \verb|dxfKH| (specifying origin, depth, angle, distance)
\end{itemize}
%\noindent It may be that more shapes/commands will be implemented (supporting the full range of corner options for Carbide Create seems a likely thing). Rewriting \verb|dxfrectangle| to accept optional arguments for corner treatment/dimension seems obvious after-the-fact.
\subsection{gcodepreviewtemplate.py}
Note that since the v0.7 re-write, it is possible to directly use the underlying Python code. Using Python to generate \textsc{3d} previews of how \textsc{dxf}s or G-code will cut requires the use of PythonSCAD.
\lstset{firstnumber=1}%\thegcptmplpy}
\begin{writecode}{w}{gcodepreviewtemplate.py}{python}
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
try:
if 'gcodepreview' in sys.modules:
del sys.modules['gcodepreview']
except AttributeError:
pass
from gcodepreview import *
fa = 2
fs = 0.125
# [Export] */
Base_filename = "aexport"
# [Export] */
generatepaths = False
# [Export] */
generatedxf = True
# [Export] */
generategcode = True
# [Stock] */
stockXwidth = 220
# [Stock] */
stockYheight = 150
# [Stock] */
stockZthickness = 8.35
# [Stock] */
zeroheight = "Top" # [Top, Bottom]
# [Stock] */
stockzero = "Center" # [Lower-Left, Center-Left, Top-Left, Center]
# [Stock] */
retractheight = 9
# [CAM] */
toolradius = 1.5875
# [CAM] */
large_square_tool_num = 201 # [0:0, 112:112, 102:102, 201:201]
# [CAM] */
small_square_tool_num = 102 # [0:0, 122:122, 112:112, 102:102]
# [CAM] */
large_ball_tool_num = 202 # [0:0, 111:111, 101:101, 202:202]
# [CAM] */
small_ball_tool_num = 101 # [0:0, 121:121, 111:111, 101:101]
# [CAM] */
large_V_tool_num = 301 # [0:0, 301:301, 690:690]
# [CAM] */
small_V_tool_num = 390 # [0:0, 390:390, 301:301]
# [CAM] */
DT_tool_num = 814 # [0:0, 814:814]
# [CAM] */
KH_tool_num = 374 # [0:0, 374:374, 375:375, 376:376, 378:378]
# [CAM] */
Roundover_tool_num = 56142 # [56142:56142, 56125:56125, 1570:1570]
# [CAM] */
MISC_tool_num = 0 # [501:501, 502:502, 45982:45982]
#501 https://shop.carbide3d.com/collections/cutters/products/501-engraving-bit
#502 https://shop.carbide3d.com/collections/cutters/products/502-engraving-bit
#204 tapered ball nose 0.0625", 0.2500", 1.50", 3.6°
#304 tapered ball nose 0.1250", 0.2500", 1.50", 2.4°
#648 threadmill_shaft(2.4, 0.75, 18)
#45982 Carbide Tipped Bowl & Tray 1/4 Radius x 3/4 Dia x 5/8 x 1/4 Inch Shank
#13921 https://www.amazon.com/Yonico-Groove-Bottom-Router-Degree/dp/B0CPJPTMPP
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
plunge = 100
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
feed = 400
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
speed = 16000
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_square_ratio = 0.75 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
large_ball_ratio = 1.0 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_ball_ratio = 0.75 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
large_V_ratio = 0.875 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_V_ratio = 0.625 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
DT_ratio = 0.75 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
KH_ratio = 0.75 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
RO_ratio = 0.5 # [0.25:2]
# [Feeds and Speeds] */
MISC_ratio = 0.5 # [0.25:2]
gcp = gcodepreview(generatepaths,
generategcode,
generatedxf,
)
gcp.opengcodefile(Base_filename)
gcp.opendxffile(Base_filename)
gcp.opendxffiles(Base_filename,
large_square_tool_num,
small_square_tool_num,
large_ball_tool_num,
small_ball_tool_num,
large_V_tool_num,
small_V_tool_num,
DT_tool_num,
KH_tool_num,
Roundover_tool_num,
MISC_tool_num)
gcp.setupstock(stockXwidth, stockYheight, stockZthickness, "Top", "Center", retractheight)
#print(pygcpversion())
#print(gcp.myfunc(4))
#print(gcp.getvv())
#ts = cylinder(12.7, 1.5875, 1.5875)
#toolpaths = gcp.cutshape(stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness)
gcp.movetosafeZ()
gcp.toolchange(102, 10000)
#gcp.rapidXY(6, 12)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
#print (gcp.xpos())
#print (gcp.ypos())
#psetzpos(7)
#gcp.setzpos(-12)
#print (gcp.zpos())
#print ("X", str(gcp.xpos()))
#print ("Y", str(gcp.ypos()))
#print ("Z", str(gcp.zpos()))
toolpaths = gcp.currenttool()
#toolpaths = gcp.cutline(stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(201, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*7, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(202, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/8)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*6, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(101, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*3)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*5, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
gcp.setzpos(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(390, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*4)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*4, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(301, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*6)
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
rapids = gcp.rapid(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(102, 10000)
rapids = gcp.rapid(-stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/16, +stockYheight/4, 0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCC(0, 90, gcp.xpos()-stockYheight/16, gcp.ypos(), stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCC(90, 180, gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()-stockYheight/16, stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCC(180, 270, gcp.xpos()+stockYheight/16, gcp.ypos(), stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCC(270, 360, gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()+stockYheight/16, stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
rapids = gcp.movetosafeZ()
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4-stockYheight/16, -stockYheight/4)
rapids = gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCW(180, 90, gcp.xpos()+stockYheight/16, gcp.ypos(), stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCW(90, 0, gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()-stockYheight/16, stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCW(360, 270, gcp.xpos()-stockYheight/16, gcp.ypos(), stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCW(270, 180, gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()+stockYheight/16, stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4))
rapids = gcp.movetosafeZ()
gcp.toolchange(201, 10000)
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/2, -stockYheight/2)
rapids = gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness))
#test = gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness)
rapids = gcp.movetosafeZ()
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/2-6.34, -stockYheight/2)
rapids = gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcCW(180, 90, stockXwidth/2, -stockYheight/2, 6.34, -stockZthickness))
rapids = gcp.movetosafeZ()
gcp.toolchange(814, 10000)
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(0, -(stockYheight/2+12.7))
rapids = gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), -12.7, -stockZthickness))
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(0, -(stockYheight/2+12.7))
rapids = gcp.movetosafeZ()
gcp.toolchange(374, 10000)
rapids = gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4-stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4+stockYheight/16))
rapids = gcp.rapidZ(0)
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(374, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/4-stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4+stockYheight/16))
gcp.rapidZ(0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness/2))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos()+stockYheight/9, gcp.ypos(), gcp.zpos()))
#below should probably be cutlinegc
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos()-stockYheight/9, gcp.ypos(), gcp.zpos()))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), 0))
#key = gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "E", stockYheight/9)
#key = gcp.cutKHgcdxf(374, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, 90, stockYheight/9)
#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(key)
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/4+stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4+stockYheight/16))
gcp.rapidZ(0)
#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "N", stockYheight/9))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness/2))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()+stockYheight/9, gcp.zpos()))
#below should probably be cutlinegc
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()-stockYheight/9, gcp.zpos()))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), 0))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/4+stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4-stockYheight/8))
gcp.rapidZ(0)
#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "W", stockYheight/9))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness/2))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos()-stockYheight/9, gcp.ypos(), gcp.zpos()))
#below should probably be cutlinegc
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos()+stockYheight/9, gcp.ypos(), gcp.zpos()))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), 0))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/4-stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4-stockYheight/8))
gcp.rapidZ(0)
#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "S", stockYheight/9))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness/2))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()-stockYheight/9, gcp.zpos()))
#below should probably be cutlinegc
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos()+stockYheight/9, gcp.zpos()))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), 0))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(56142, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/2, -(stockYheight/2+0.508/2))
#gcp.cutZgcfeed(-1.531, plunge)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -1.531))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/2+0.508/2, -(stockYheight/2+0.508/2), -1.531))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
#gcp.toolchange(56125, 10000)
#gcp.cutZgcfeed(-1.531, plunge)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -1.531))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/2+0.508/2, (stockYheight/2+0.508/2), -1.531))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(45982, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/8, 0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -(stockZthickness*7/8)))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), -stockYheight/2, -(stockZthickness*7/8)))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(204, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth*0.3125, 0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -(stockZthickness*7/8)))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), -stockYheight/2, -(stockZthickness*7/8)))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(502, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth*0.375, 0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -4.24))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), -stockYheight/2, -4.24))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
gcp.toolchange(13921, 10000)
gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth*0.375, 0)
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutline(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -stockZthickness/2))
toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(gcp.xpos(), -stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness/2))
gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
part = gcp.stock.difference(toolpaths)
output (part)
#output(test)
#output (key)
#output(dt)
#gcp.stockandtoolpaths()
#gcp.stockandtoolpaths("stock")
#output (gcp.stock)
#output (gcp.toolpaths)
#output (toolpaths)
#gcp.makecube(3, 2, 1)
#
#gcp.placecube()
#
#c = gcp.instantiatecube()
#
#output(c)
gcp.closegcodefile()
gcp.closedxffiles()
gcp.closedxffile()
\end{writecode}
\addtocounter{gcptmplpy}{138}
\begin{samepage}
\noindent Which generates a \textsc{3d} model which previews in PythonSCAD as:
\bigskip
%\includeimage{gcodepreview_unittests.png}
\includeimage{gcodepreviewtemplate.png}
\end{samepage}
%TODO ADD BELOW !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%
%\begin{verbatim}
%
%gcp.movetosafeZ()
%
%gcp.toolchange(102, 10000)
%
%#gcp.rapidXY(6, 12)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%
%#print (gcp.xpos())
%#print (gcp.ypos())
%#psetzpos(7)
%#gcp.setzpos(-12)
%#print (gcp.zpos())
%
%#print ("X", str(gcp.xpos()))
%#print ("Y", str(gcp.ypos()))
%#print ("Z", str(gcp.zpos()))
%
%toolpaths = gcp.currenttool()
%
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(201, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*7, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(202, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/8)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*6, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(101, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*3)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*5, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%
%gcp.setzpos(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(390, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*4)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*4, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%
%gcp.toolchange(301, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, stockYheight/16*6)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgc(stockXwidth/16*2, stockYheight/2, -stockZthickness))
%
%#gcp.setzpos(retractheight)
%#gcp.toolchange(102, 10000)
%#gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/16, -(stockYheight/4))
%#gcp.rapidZ(0)
%##arcloop(barc, earc, xcenter, ycenter, radius)
%#gcp.settzpos(stockZthickness/90)
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.arcloop(0, 90, stockXwidth/4, -stockYheight/4, stockYheight/16))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(102, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8+stockYheight/16, +stockYheight/8)
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%#gcp.settzpos(stockZthickness/90)
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.arcloop(0, 90, stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8, stockYheight/16))
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcNECCdxfgc(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8+stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness/4, stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8, stockYheight/16))
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcNWCCdxfgc(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8-stockYheight/16, stockYheight/8, -stockZthickness/2, stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8, stockYheight/16))
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcSWCCdxfgc(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8-stockYheight/16, -stockZthickness*0.75, stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8, stockYheight/16))
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutarcSECCdxfgc(stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8+stockYheight/16, stockYheight/8, -stockZthickness, stockXwidth/4+stockYheight/8, stockYheight/8, stockYheight/16))
%
%#a = gcp.currenttool()
%#arcbegin = a.translate([64.37357214209116, -37.33638368965047, -stockZthickness])
%#arcend = a.translate([55.16361631034953, -28.12642785790883, -stockZthickness])
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(arcbegin)
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(arcend)
%
%#cu = cube([10, 20, 30])
%#c = cu.translate([0, 0, gcp.zpos()])
%
%#def cutroundovertool(bx, by, bz, ex, ey, ez, tool_radius_tip, tool_radius_width):
%# n = 90 + fn*3
%# step = 360/n
%# shaft = cylinder(step, tool_radius_tip, tool_radius_tip)
%# toolpath = hull(shaft.translate([bx, by, bz]), shaft.translate([ex, ey, ez]))
%# shaft = cylinder(tool_radius_width*2, tool_radius_tip+tool_radius_width, tool_radius_tip+tool_radius_width)
%# toolpath = toolpath.union(hull(shaft.translate([bx, by, bz+tool_radius_width]), shaft.translate([ex, ey, ez+tool_radius_width])))
%# for i in range(1, 90, 1):
%# angle = i
%# dx = tool_radius_width*math.cos(math.radians(angle))
%# dxx = tool_radius_width*math.cos(math.radians(angle+1))
%# dzz = tool_radius_width*math.sin(math.radians(angle))
%# dz = tool_radius_width*math.sin(math.radians(angle+1))
%# dh = abs(dzz-dz)+0.0001
%# slice = cylinder(dh, tool_radius_tip+tool_radius_width-dx, tool_radius_tip+tool_radius_width-dxx)
%# toolpath = toolpath.union(hull(slice.translate([bx, by, bz+dz]), slice.translate([ex, ey, ez+dz])))
%# return toolpath
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(814, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(0, -(stockYheight/2+12.7))
%gcp.cutZgcfeed(-stockZthickness, plunge)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(0, -(stockYheight/16), -stockZthickness, feed))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%
%#print(gcp.currenttoolnumber())
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(56142, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(-stockXwidth/2, -(stockYheight/2+0.508/2))
%gcp.cutZgcfeed(-1.531, plunge)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(stockXwidth/2+0.508/2, -(stockYheight/2+0.508/2), -1.531, feed))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%#gcp.toolchange(56125, 10000)
%gcp.cutZgcfeed(-1.531, plunge)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(stockXwidth/2+0.508/2, (stockYheight/2+0.508/2), -1.531, feed))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.toolchange(374, 10000)
%gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4-stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4+stockYheight/16))
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(gcp.xpos(), gcp.ypos(), -4, feed))
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutZgcfeed(-4, plunge))
%#toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(stockXwidth/4, -(stockYheight/4)+25.4, -4, feed))
%#key = gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(stockXwidth/2+0.508/2, (stockYheight/2+0.508/2), -1.531, feed)
%
%#cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, stockZthickness/2, stockZthickness/2, "N", stockYheight/8)
%#rapid(getxpos(), getypos(), stockZthickness);
%#rapid(-stockXwidth/4, -stockYheight/4, 0);
%#cutkeyhole_toolpath((stockZthickness), (stockZthickness), "S", stockYheight/8, KH_tool_num);
%#rapid(getxpos(), getypos(), stockZthickness);
%#rapid(-stockXwidth/4, -stockYheight/8, 0);
%key = gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "E", stockYheight/9)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(key)
%#rapid(getxpos(), getypos(), stockZthickness);
%#rapid(-stockXwidth/8, -stockYheight/8*3, 0);
%#cutkeyhole_toolpath((stockZthickness), (stockZthickness), "W", stockYheight/8, KH_tool_num);
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4+stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4+stockYheight/16))
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "N", stockYheight/9))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4+stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4-stockYheight/8))
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "W", stockYheight/9))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%gcp.rapidXY(stockXwidth/4-stockXwidth/16, -(stockYheight/4-stockYheight/8))
%gcp.rapidZ(0)
%toolpaths = toolpaths.union(gcp.cutkeyholegcdxf(KH_tool_num, 0, stockZthickness*0.75, "S", stockYheight/9))
%
%gcp.rapidZ(retractheight)
%
%#Last dxf command not being written...
%#empty = gcp.cutlinedxfgcfeed(stockXwidth/2, -(stockYheight/2+0.508/2), 1, feed)
%
%part = gcp.stock.difference(toolpaths)
%#part = gcp.stock.difference(gcp.toolpaths)
%#part = gcp.stock.union(key)
%
%output(part)
%#output(toolpaths)
%#output(key)
%
%gcp.setzpos(retractheight)
%
%\end{verbatim}
%generategcode = True
%
%gcp = gcodepreview(True)
\subsection{gcodepreviewtemplate.scad}
Since the project began in OpenSCAD, having an implementation in that language has always been a goal. This is quite straight-forward since the Python code when imported into OpenSCAD may be accessed by quite simple modules which are for the most part, a series of decorators/descriptors which wrap up the Python definitions as OpenSCAD modules. Moreover, such an implementation will facilitate usage by tools intended for this application such as OpenSCAD Graph Editor: \url{https://github.com/derkork/openscad-graph-editor}. A further consideration worth noting is that when called from OpenSCAD, Python will not halt for errors, but will run through to the end which is an expedient thing for viewing the end result of in-process code.
\lstset{firstnumber=1}%\thegcptmpl}
\begin{writecode}{w}{gcodepreviewtemplate.scad}{scad}
//!OpenSCAD
use <gcodepreview.py>
include <gcodepreview.scad>
$fa = 2;
$fs = 0.125;
fa = 2;
fs = 0.125;
/* [Stock] */
stockXwidth = 219;
/* [Stock] */
stockYheight = 150;
/* [Stock] */
stockZthickness = 8.35;
/* [Stock] */
zeroheight = "Top"; // [Top, Bottom]
/* [Stock] */
stockzero = "Center"; // [Lower-Left, Center-Left, Top-Left, Center]
/* [Stock] */
retractheight = 9;
/* [Export] */
Base_filename = "export";
/* [Export] */
generatepaths = true;
/* [Export] */
generatedxf = true;
/* [Export] */
generategcode = true;
/* [CAM] */
toolradius = 1.5875;
/* [CAM] */
large_square_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 112:112, 102:102, 201:201]
/* [CAM] */
small_square_tool_num = 102; // [0:0, 122:122, 112:112, 102:102]
/* [CAM] */
large_ball_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 111:111, 101:101, 202:202]
/* [CAM] */
small_ball_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 121:121, 111:111, 101:101]
/* [CAM] */
large_V_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 301:301, 690:690]
/* [CAM] */
small_V_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 390:390, 301:301]
/* [CAM] */
DT_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 814:814]
/* [CAM] */
KH_tool_num = 0; // [0:0, 374:374, 375:375, 376:376, 378:378]
/* [CAM] */
Roundover_tool_num = 0; // [56142:56142, 56125:56125, 1570:1570]
/* [CAM] */
MISC_tool_num = 0; // [648:648, 45982:45982]
//648 threadmill_shaft(2.4, 0.75, 18)
//45982 Carbide Tipped Bowl & Tray 1/4 Radius x 3/4 Dia x 5/8 x 1/4 Inch Shank
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
plunge = 100;
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
feed = 400;
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
speed = 16000;
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_square_ratio = 0.75; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
large_ball_ratio = 1.0; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_ball_ratio = 0.75; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
large_V_ratio = 0.875; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
small_V_ratio = 0.625; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
DT_ratio = 0.75; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
KH_ratio = 0.75; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
RO_ratio = 0.5; // [0.25:2]
/* [Feeds and Speeds] */
MISC_ratio = 0.5; // [0.25:2]
thegeneratepaths = generatepaths == true ? 1 : 0;
thegeneratedxf = generatedxf == true ? 1 : 0;
thegenerategcode = generategcode == true ? 1 : 0;
gcp = gcodepreview(thegeneratepaths,
thegenerategcode,
thegeneratedxf,
);
opengcodefile(Base_filename);