This package is a ggplot2 extension for heatmap. It
+utilizes the grammar of graphics to construct the heatmap and heatmap
+annotations.
You can install the development version of ggheat from GitHub with:
+ + + +Let’s begin by creating some example data
+ +ggheatThe main function is ggheat, it’s just like the ggplot
+function, which set the default data and mapping. Using
+ggheat, it is effortless to create a simple Heatmap.
+
+The data can be a numeric or character vector, a data frame, and any
+other data which can be converted into a matrix. Simple vector will be
+converted into a one column matrix. They will all converted into the
+long formated data frame when drawing. The default mapping will use
+aes(.data$.x, .data$.y), you can use mapping
+argument to control it. The data contains following columns:
.row_panel or .column_panl instead of a
+column .panel since annotation can only have one facet
+axiss: the row panel
.column_panel: the column panel
.row_names and .column_names: the row
+and column names of the original matrix (only applicable when names
+exist).
.row_index and .column_index: the row
+and column index of the original matrix.
.x and .y: the x and
+y coordinates
value: the actual matrix value.
You can then add all other ggplot2 elements like geoms,
+scales and facets.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+You can turn off the default filling by setting
+filling = FALSE
ggheat(small_mat, filling = FALSE) +
+ scale_fill_viridis_c() +
+ geom_text(aes(label = sprintf("%d * %d", .row_index, .column_index)))
+
+The position scales and facets are partial support.
+For position scales, you cannot set limits,
+breaks, labels, and they are just ignored.
+limits cannot be touched, and the internal will always
+reset it as the default. This is required by heatmap annotations. But
+you can set labels or breaks in
+ggheat() function. See xlabels/ylabels and
+xlabels_nudge/ylabels_nudge. All of these arguments should
+be provided in the original order of the raw matrix. Even if we’ll use
+heatmap annotation to reorder the heatmap rows/columns.
ggheat(small_mat) + scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 0))
+#> Scale for x is already present.
+#> Adding another scale for x, which will replace the existing scale.
+
+ggheat(small_mat) + scale_x_continuous(labels = "a")
+#> Scale for x is already present.
+#> Adding another scale for x, which will replace the existing scale.
+
+When working with facets, manual configuration of panels using the
+facet_* function is not possible. However, the
+facet_* function can still be used to control the
+facet looks.
To move forward with the subsequent procedures, it is necessary to +introduce the heatmap annotation first. Heatmap annotations are +essential components that contribute to the usability of a heatmap.
+htannoggheat offers two primary annotations:
+htanno and gganno.
htanno is a special annotation that can interact with
+the main heatmap. It particularly allows for controlling the order of
+the main heatmap or dividing the heatmap into sections based on
+rows/columns.
Heatmap annotations can be positioned at the top,
+left, bottom, or right of the
+heatmap. This is referred to as the active component in
+ggheat. Each annotation function provides a position
+argument to control the placement of the annotation.
Currently, there are only two classes available for
+htanno: htanno_dendro and
+htanno_group. The htanno_dendro class allows
+the addition of a dendrogram near the heatmap. This is primarily useful
+when working with heatmap plots. The primary purpose of a dendrogram is
+to facilitate clustering and it can also reorder the heatmap.
+
+One another useful function of dendrogram is cut the columns/rows
+into groups. You can specify k or h, which
+works the same with cutree.
+
+htanno_dendro will create a default node
+and edge data for the ggplot. See
+?dendrogram_data for details. node data have
+been set as the default data of the ggplot object, and edge
+data has been added into the geom_segment layer which
+drawing the dendrogram tree, so you cannot control the dendrogram by
+geom function, but you can control all of the behaviour in
+htanno_dendro. The default mapping can be controled via
+mapping argument, which is the same with
+ggheat and all other annotation function. One useful
+variable in the data is branch column, which corresponding
+to the cutree result.
+
+All annotation functions include a set_context argument
+that determines whether to set the active component when adding the
+annotation. This argument requires a boolean value of length
+2. If a scalar value is provided, it will be recycled. The
+first value determines whether the active component is set to the
+annotation position. The second value will determine whether the active
+component of annotation list in this position should be set as current
+annotation. In the code mentioned above, the active component of the
+heatmap is set to the top and the active component of the
+top annotation list will be set to the dendrogram plot since
+htanno_dendro has a default set_context value
+of TRUE. So you can easily add more geoms with
+the default node data.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ geom_point(aes(y = y))
+
+By default, all annotation functions automatically create a default +mapping for the axis parallel to the heatmap. Therefore, when utilizing +these functions, you only need to provide the mapping for the other +axis.
+As mentioned above, facet_* function won’t work, since
+the internal will always use the row/column groups controlled by heatmap
+annotation, but you can also provide facet_grid or
+facet_null (if no panels) to control the non-layout
+arguments, like labeller.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ geom_point(aes(y = y)) +
+ facet_grid(labeller = labeller(.panel = function(x) letters[as.integer(x)]))
+
+Each annotation function includes a data argument to
+specify the annotation data. This argument can accept a matrix, a data
+frame, or even a simple vector that will be converted into a one-column
+matrix. If the data argument is set to NULL,
+the function will use the heatmap matrix, as shown in the previous
+examples. Additionally, the data argument can also accept a
+function(purrr-like lambda is also okay), to manipulate the heatmap
+matrix. It is important to note that all annotations consider the rows
+as the observations. It means the NROW function must return
+the same number as the heatmap parallel axis. So for column annotation,
+the heatmap will be transposed before using (If data is a
+function, it will be applied with the transposed matrix).
Since htanno_dendro has set the active context for the
+top position, we can add more annotations without
+specifying the position arguments.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ # since the heatmap matrix will be transposed before using, we should to
+ # rowSums to calculate the column sums of the original matrix
+ gganno(data = rowSums) +
+ # again: the default mapping will be made for the parallel axis of heatmap
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .panel), stat = "identity") +
+ scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Dark2")
+
+ggannogganno is similar to ggheat and
+ggplot in that it initializes a ggplot data
+and mapping. Before drawing, specific operations are
+performed to prepare for the visualization. The matrix (including a
+simple vector) is converted into a long-format data frame, similar to
+the process utilized in ggheat. However, the data frame does not contain
+.row_panel or .column_panel columns, as annotations can only have one
+facet axis. In the case where the input data is already a data frame,
+three additional columns-.row_names,
+.row_index, and .panel—are added to the data
+frame.
Let’s add more annotations to different position. Since we want to
+add annotation into another position, we must specify the
+position argument or we can add an active
+object (we also provide activate and
+deactivate for function call foramt).
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ gganno(data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .panel), stat = "identity") +
+ scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Dark2") +
+ active("left") +
+ gganno(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+
+For convenient, we also provide gganno_* function for 4
+positions.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ gganno_top(aes(y = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(stat = "identity", aes(fill = factor(.panel))) +
+ scale_fill_brewer(name = NULL, palette = "Dark2") +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+
+htanno_groupAnother htanno_group class provides convenient way to
+split heatmap rows/columns into different panels with a
+group vairables. It won’t draw anything.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_group(
+ sample(letters[1:3], nrow(small_mat), replace = TRUE),
+ position = "left"
+ )
+
+You can combine htanno_dendro and
+htanno_group in different axis.
ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ htanno_group(
+ sample(letters[1:3], nrow(small_mat), replace = TRUE),
+ position = "left"
+ ) +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+
+But you cannot mix them in the same axis.
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ htanno_group(sample(letters[1:3], ncol(small_mat), replace = TRUE))
+#> Error in `htanno_group()`:
+#> ! `htanno_group()` cannot do sub-split
+#> ℹ group of heatmap column already existsI’ll add support of sub-clustering for
+htanno_dendro.
The different ggplot objects were combined using the
+patchwork package. Internally, the
+ggheat_build function was used to construct and merge all
+the ggplot objects into a single patchwork
+object.
ggheat has width and height to
+control the relative (you can also provide a unit object) width and
+height. All annotation function have a size argument to
+control the relative width (left and right annotation) or height (top
+and bottom annotation).
pp <- ggheat(small_mat) +
+ scale_fill_viridis_c() +
+ gganno_top(data = rowSums, size = unit(10, "mm")) +
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .x), stat = "identity") +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums, size = 0.5) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+pp
+
+Internally, the ggheat_build function was used to
+construct and merge all the ggplot objects into a single
+patchwork object. But usually there is no need to manually
+perform this combination since much of the arguments can be controlled
+within the ggheat function and the annotation
+functions.
sessionInfo()
+#> R version 4.4.0 (2024-04-24)
+#> Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
+#> Running under: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
+#>
+#> Matrix products: default
+#> BLAS/LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmkl_rt.so; LAPACK version 3.8.0
+#>
+#> locale:
+#> [1] LC_CTYPE=C.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C LC_TIME=C.UTF-8
+#> [4] LC_COLLATE=C.UTF-8 LC_MONETARY=C.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=C.UTF-8
+#> [7] LC_PAPER=C.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C LC_ADDRESS=C
+#> [10] LC_TELEPHONE=C LC_MEASUREMENT=C.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
+#>
+#> time zone: Asia/Shanghai
+#> tzcode source: system (glibc)
+#>
+#> attached base packages:
+#> [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
+#>
+#> other attached packages:
+#> [1] ggheat_0.0.0.9000 ggplot2_3.5.1
+#>
+#> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
+#> [1] gtable_0.3.5 dplyr_1.1.4 compiler_4.4.0 highr_0.11
+#> [5] tidyselect_1.2.1 tidyr_1.3.1 scales_1.3.0 yaml_2.3.8
+#> [9] fastmap_1.2.0 ggh4x_0.2.8 R6_2.5.1 labeling_0.4.3
+#> [13] generics_0.1.3 patchwork_1.2.0 knitr_1.47 tibble_3.2.1
+#> [17] munsell_0.5.1 pillar_1.9.0 RColorBrewer_1.1-3 rlang_1.1.4
+#> [21] utf8_1.2.4 xfun_0.45 viridisLite_0.4.2 cli_3.6.3
+#> [25] withr_3.0.0 magrittr_2.0.3 digest_0.6.36 grid_4.4.0
+#> [29] lifecycle_1.0.4 vctrs_0.6.5 evaluate_0.24.0 glue_1.7.0
+#> [33] farver_2.1.2 fansi_1.0.6 colorspace_2.1-0 rmarkdown_2.27
+#> [37] purrr_1.0.2 tools_4.4.0 pkgconfig_2.0.3 htmltools_0.5.8.1
+
+The data can be a numeric or character vector, a data frame, and any
+other data which can be converted into a matrix. Simple vector will be
+converted into a one column matrix. They will all converted into the
+long formated data frame when drawing. The default mapping will use
+`aes(.data$.x, .data$.y)`, you can use `mapping` argument to control it.
+The data contains following columns:
+
+- `.row_panel` or `.column_panl` instead of a column `.panel` since
+ annotation can only have one facet axiss: the row panel
+
+- `.column_panel`: the column panel
+
+- `.row_names` and `.column_names`: the row and column names of the
+ original matrix (only applicable when names exist).
+
+- `.row_index` and `.column_index`: the row and column index of the
+ original matrix.
+
+- `.x` and `.y`: the `x` and `y` coordinates
+
+- `value`: the actual matrix value.
+
+You can then add all other ggplot2 elements like `geoms`, `scales` and
+`facets`.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(letters)
+```
+
+
+
+``` r
+ggheat(1:10)
+```
+
+
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + scale_fill_viridis_c()
+```
+
+
+
+You can turn off the default filling by setting `filling = FALSE`
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat, filling = FALSE) +
+ scale_fill_viridis_c() +
+ geom_text(aes(label = sprintf("%d * %d", .row_index, .column_index)))
+```
+
+
+
+The position scales and facets are partial support.
+
+For position scales, you cannot set `limits`, `breaks`, `labels`, and
+they are just ignored. `limits` cannot be touched, and the internal will
+always reset it as the default. This is required by heatmap annotations.
+But you can set `labels` or `breaks` in `ggheat()` function. See
+`xlabels/ylabels` and `xlabels_nudge/ylabels_nudge`. All of these
+arguments should be provided in the original order of the raw matrix.
+Even if we’ll use heatmap annotation to reorder the heatmap
+rows/columns.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 0))
+#> Scale for x is already present.
+#> Adding another scale for x, which will replace the existing scale.
+```
+
+
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + scale_x_continuous(labels = "a")
+#> Scale for x is already present.
+#> Adding another scale for x, which will replace the existing scale.
+```
+
+
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat, xlabels = rep_len("AA", ncol(small_mat)))
+```
+
+
+
+When working with facets, manual configuration of panels using the
+`facet_*` function is not possible. However, the `facet_*` function can
+still be used to control the `facet` looks.
+
+To move forward with the subsequent procedures, it is necessary to
+introduce the heatmap annotation first. Heatmap annotations are
+essential components that contribute to the usability of a heatmap.
+
+## `htanno`
+
+`ggheat` offers two primary annotations: `htanno` and `gganno`.
+
+`htanno` is a special annotation that can interact with the main
+heatmap. It particularly allows for controlling the order of the main
+heatmap or dividing the heatmap into sections based on rows/columns.
+
+Heatmap annotations can be positioned at the `top`, `left`, `bottom`, or
+`right` of the heatmap. This is referred to as the active component in
+`ggheat`. Each annotation function provides a position argument to
+control the placement of the annotation.
+
+Currently, there are only two classes available for `htanno`:
+`htanno_dendro` and `htanno_group`. The `htanno_dendro` class allows the
+addition of a dendrogram near the heatmap. This is primarily useful when
+working with heatmap plots. The primary purpose of a dendrogram is to
+facilitate clustering and it can also reorder the heatmap.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + htanno_dendro(position = "top")
+```
+
+
+
+One another useful function of dendrogram is cut the columns/rows into
+groups. You can specify `k` or `h`, which works the same with `cutree`.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + htanno_dendro(position = "top", k = 3)
+```
+
+
+
+`htanno_dendro` will create a default `node` and `edge` data for the
+ggplot. See `?dendrogram_data` for details. `node` data have been set as
+the default data of the ggplot object, and `edge` data has been added
+into the `geom_segment` layer which drawing the dendrogram tree, so you
+cannot control the dendrogram by geom function, but you can control all
+of the behaviour in `htanno_dendro`. The default mapping can be
+controled via `mapping` argument, which is the same with `ggheat` and
+all other annotation function. One useful variable in the data is
+`branch` column, which corresponding to the `cutree` result.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) + htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3)
+```
+
+
+
+All annotation functions include a `set_context` argument that
+determines whether to set the active component when adding the
+annotation. This argument requires a boolean value of length `2`. If a
+scalar value is provided, it will be recycled. The first value
+determines whether the active component is set to the annotation
+position. The second value will determine whether the active component
+of annotation list in this position should be set as current annotation.
+In the code mentioned above, the active component of the heatmap is set
+to the `top` and the active component of the top annotation list will be
+set to the dendrogram plot since `htanno_dendro` has a default
+`set_context` value of `TRUE`. So you can easily add more `geoms` with
+the default `node` data.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ geom_point(aes(y = y))
+```
+
+
+
+By default, all annotation functions automatically create a default
+mapping for the axis parallel to the heatmap. Therefore, when utilizing
+these functions, you only need to provide the mapping for the other
+axis.
+
+As mentioned above, `facet_*` function won’t work, since the internal
+will always use the row/column groups controlled by heatmap annotation,
+but you can also provide `facet_grid` or `facet_null` (if no panels) to
+control the non-layout arguments, like `labeller`.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ geom_point(aes(y = y)) +
+ facet_grid(labeller = labeller(.panel = function(x) letters[as.integer(x)]))
+```
+
+
+
+Each annotation function includes a `data` argument to specify the
+annotation data. This argument can accept a matrix, a data frame, or
+even a simple vector that will be converted into a one-column matrix. If
+the `data` argument is set to `NULL`, the function will use the heatmap
+matrix, as shown in the previous examples. Additionally, the data
+argument can also accept a function(purrr-like lambda is also okay), to
+manipulate the heatmap matrix. It is important to note that all
+annotations consider the rows as the observations. It means the `NROW`
+function must return the same number as the heatmap parallel axis. So
+for column annotation, the heatmap will be transposed before using (If
+`data` is a function, it will be applied with the transposed matrix).
+
+Since `htanno_dendro` has set the active context for the `top` position,
+we can add more annotations without specifying the position arguments.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ # since the heatmap matrix will be transposed before using, we should to
+ # rowSums to calculate the column sums of the original matrix
+ gganno(data = rowSums) +
+ # again: the default mapping will be made for the parallel axis of heatmap
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .panel), stat = "identity") +
+ scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Dark2")
+```
+
+
+
+## `gganno`
+
+`gganno` is similar to `ggheat` and `ggplot` in that it initializes a
+`ggplot` data and `mapping`. Before drawing, specific operations are
+performed to prepare for the visualization. The matrix (including a
+simple vector) is converted into a long-format data frame, similar to
+the process utilized in ggheat. However, the data frame does not contain
+.row_panel or .column_panel columns, as annotations can only have one
+facet axis. In the case where the input data is already a data frame,
+three additional columns-`.row_names`, `.row_index`, and `.panel`—are
+added to the data frame.
+
+Let’s add more annotations to different position. Since we want to add
+annotation into another position, we must specify the `position`
+argument or we can add an `active` object (we also provide `activate`
+and `deactivate` for function call foramt).
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ gganno(data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .panel), stat = "identity") +
+ scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Dark2") +
+ active("left") +
+ gganno(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+```
+
+
+
+For convenient, we also provide `gganno_*` function for 4 positions.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ gganno_top(aes(y = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(stat = "identity", aes(fill = factor(.panel))) +
+ scale_fill_brewer(name = NULL, palette = "Dark2") +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+```
+
+
+
+## `htanno_group`
+
+Another `htanno_group` class provides convenient way to split heatmap
+`rows/columns` into different panels with a group vairables. It won’t
+draw anything.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_group(
+ sample(letters[1:3], nrow(small_mat), replace = TRUE),
+ position = "left"
+ )
+```
+
+
+
+You can combine `htanno_dendro` and `htanno_group` in different axis.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ htanno_group(
+ sample(letters[1:3], nrow(small_mat), replace = TRUE),
+ position = "left"
+ ) +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+```
+
+
+
+But you cannot mix them in the same axis.
+
+``` r
+ggheat(small_mat) +
+ htanno_dendro(aes(color = branch), position = "top", k = 3) +
+ htanno_group(sample(letters[1:3], ncol(small_mat), replace = TRUE))
+#> Error in `htanno_group()`:
+#> ! `htanno_group()` cannot do sub-split
+#> ℹ group of heatmap column already exists
+```
+
+I’ll add support of sub-clustering for `htanno_dendro`.
+
+## Control size
+
+The different ggplot objects were combined using the `patchwork`
+package. Internally, the `ggheat_build` function was used to construct
+and merge all the `ggplot` objects into a single `patchwork` object.
+
+`ggheat` has `width` and `height` to control the relative (you can also
+provide a unit object) width and height. All annotation function have a
+`size` argument to control the relative width (left and right
+annotation) or height (top and bottom annotation).
+
+``` r
+pp <- ggheat(small_mat) +
+ scale_fill_viridis_c() +
+ gganno_top(data = rowSums, size = unit(10, "mm")) +
+ geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = .x), stat = "identity") +
+ gganno_left(aes(x = value), data = rowSums, size = 0.5) +
+ geom_bar(
+ aes(y = .y, fill = factor(.y)),
+ stat = "identity",
+ orientation = "y"
+ ) +
+ scale_x_reverse()
+pp
+```
+
+
+
+Internally, the `ggheat_build` function was used to construct and merge
+all the `ggplot` objects into a single `patchwork` object. But usually
+there is no need to manually perform this combination since much of the
+arguments can be controlled within the `ggheat` function and the
+annotation functions.
+
+``` r
+class(ggheat_build(pp))
+#> [1] "patchwork" "gg" "ggplot"
+```
+
+## Session information
+
+``` r
+sessionInfo()
+#> R version 4.4.0 (2024-04-24)
+#> Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
+#> Running under: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
+#>
+#> Matrix products: default
+#> BLAS/LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmkl_rt.so; LAPACK version 3.8.0
+#>
+#> locale:
+#> [1] LC_CTYPE=C.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C LC_TIME=C.UTF-8
+#> [4] LC_COLLATE=C.UTF-8 LC_MONETARY=C.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=C.UTF-8
+#> [7] LC_PAPER=C.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C LC_ADDRESS=C
+#> [10] LC_TELEPHONE=C LC_MEASUREMENT=C.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
+#>
+#> time zone: Asia/Shanghai
+#> tzcode source: system (glibc)
+#>
+#> attached base packages:
+#> [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
+#>
+#> other attached packages:
+#> [1] ggheat_0.0.0.9000 ggplot2_3.5.1
+#>
+#> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
+#> [1] gtable_0.3.5 dplyr_1.1.4 compiler_4.4.0 highr_0.11
+#> [5] tidyselect_1.2.1 tidyr_1.3.1 scales_1.3.0 yaml_2.3.8
+#> [9] fastmap_1.2.0 ggh4x_0.2.8 R6_2.5.1 labeling_0.4.3
+#> [13] generics_0.1.3 patchwork_1.2.0 knitr_1.47 tibble_3.2.1
+#> [17] munsell_0.5.1 pillar_1.9.0 RColorBrewer_1.1-3 rlang_1.1.4
+#> [21] utf8_1.2.4 xfun_0.45 viridisLite_0.4.2 cli_3.6.3
+#> [25] withr_3.0.0 magrittr_2.0.3 digest_0.6.36 grid_4.4.0
+#> [29] lifecycle_1.0.4 vctrs_0.6.5 evaluate_0.24.0 glue_1.7.0
+#> [33] farver_2.1.2 fansi_1.0.6 colorspace_2.1-0 rmarkdown_2.27
+#> [37] purrr_1.0.2 tools_4.4.0 pkgconfig_2.0.3 htmltools_0.5.8.1
+```
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