Full rewrite, support UAVCAN/CAN (both v1 and v0), UAVCAN/serial (#7)

Author: pavel-kirienko

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+---
+Language:        Cpp
+# BasedOnStyle:  LLVM
+AccessModifierOffset: -4
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments: true
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: true
+AlignEscapedNewlines: Left
+AlignOperands:   true
+AlignTrailingComments: true
+AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Never
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
+AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
+AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
+AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
+BinPackArguments: false
+BinPackParameters: false
+BraceWrapping:
+  AfterCaseLabel: true
+  AfterClass: true
+  AfterControlStatement: true
+  AfterEnum: true
+  AfterFunction: true
+  AfterNamespace: true
+  AfterStruct: true
+  AfterUnion: true
+  BeforeCatch: true
+  BeforeElse: true
+  IndentBraces: false
+  SplitEmptyFunction: false
+  SplitEmptyRecord: false
+  SplitEmptyNamespace: false
+  AfterExternBlock: false     # Keeps the contents un-indented.
+BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: None
+BreakBeforeBraces: Custom
+BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
+BreakConstructorInitializers: AfterColon
+# BreakInheritanceList: AfterColon
+BreakStringLiterals: true
+ColumnLimit:     120
+CommentPragmas:  '^ (coverity|pragma:)'
+CompactNamespaces: false
+ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
+ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
+ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
+DerivePointerAlignment: false
+DisableFormat:   false
+ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
+FixNamespaceComments: true
+ForEachMacros:   [ foreach, Q_FOREACH, BOOST_FOREACH ]
+IncludeBlocks: Preserve
+IndentCaseLabels: false
+IndentPPDirectives: AfterHash
+IndentWidth:     4
+IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
+MacroBlockBegin: ''
+MacroBlockEnd:   ''
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
+NamespaceIndentation: None
+PenaltyBreakAssignment: 2
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 10000     # Raised intentionally; prefer breaking all
+PenaltyBreakComment: 300
+PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 120
+PenaltyBreakString: 1000
+PenaltyExcessCharacter: 1000000
+PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 10000            # Raised intentionally because it hurts readability
+PointerAlignment: Left
+ReflowComments:  true
+SortIncludes:    false
+SortUsingDeclarations: false
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: true
+SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: true
+SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
+SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList: false
+SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon: true
+SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
+SpaceBeforeCtorInitializerColon: true
+SpaceBeforeRangeBasedForLoopColon: true
+SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
+SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 2
+SpacesInAngles:  false
+SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
+SpacesInContainerLiterals: false
+SpacesInParentheses: false
+SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
+Standard:        Cpp11
+TabWidth:        8
+UseTab:          Never
+...

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+Checks: >-
+  boost-*,
+  bugprone-*,
+  cert-*,
+  clang-analyzer-*,
+  cppcoreguidelines-*,
+  google-*,
+  hicpp-*,
+  llvm-*,
+  misc-*,
+  modernize-*,
+  performance-*,
+  portability-*,
+  readability-*,
+  -google-readability-todo,
+  -readability-avoid-const-params-in-decls,
+  -readability-function-cognitive-complexity,
+  -llvm-header-guard,
+  -google-runtime-references,
+  -misc-non-private-member-variables-in-classes,
+  -cppcoreguidelines-non-private-member-variables-in-classes,
+  -cert-msc30-c,
+  -cert-msc50-cpp,
+  -*-easily-swappable-parameters,
+WarningsAsErrors: '*'
+HeaderFilterRegex: '.*'
+AnalyzeTemporaryDtors: false
+FormatStyle: file
+...

.gitignore

@@ -27,10 +27,12 @@ cmake-build-*
 *.log
 
 # IDE
-.idea
 .metadata
 .settings
 .project
 .cproject
 .pydevproject
 *.kdev4
+**/.idea/*
+!**/.idea/dictionaries
+!**/.idea/dictionaries/*

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Kocherga contribution guide
+
+## Directory layout
+
+The production sources are located under `/kocherga/`.
+Do not put anything else in there.
+
+The tests are located under `/tests/`.
+This directory also contains the top `CMakeLists.txt` needed to build and run the tests on the local machine.
+
+The high-level documentation is written in the main README, API documentation is given directly in the header files.
+
+## Standards
+
+The library shall be implemented in ISO C++17 with partial adherence to MISRA C++.
+The MISRA compliance is enforced by Clang-Tidy and SonarQube.
+Deviations are documented directly in the source code as follows:
+
+```c
+// Intentional violation of MISRA: <some valid reason>
+<... deviant construct ...>  // NOLINT NOSONAR
+```
+
+The full list of deviations with the accompanying explanation can be found by grepping the sources.
+
+Do not suppress compliance warnings using the means provided by static analysis tools because such deviations
+are impossible to track at the source code level.
+An exception applies for the case of false-positive (invalid) warnings -- those should not be mentioned in the codebase.
+
+[Zubax C++ Coding Conventions](https://kb.zubax.com/x/84Ah) shall be followed.
+Formatting is enforced by Clang-Format; it is used also to fail the CI/CD build if violations are detected.
+
+Unfortunately, some rules are hard or impractical to enforce automatically,
+so code reviewers shall be aware of MISRA and general high-reliability coding practices
+to prevent non-compliant code from being accepted into upstream.
+
+## Tools
+
+For the full list of the tools please refer to the CI scripts.
+
+### Clang-Tidy
+
+Clang-Tidy is used to enforce compliance with MISRA and Zubax Coding Conventions.
+
+Clang-Tidy is invoked automatically on each translation unit before it is compiled;
+the build will fail if the tool is not available locally.
+To disable this behavior, pass `NO_STATIC_ANALYSIS=1` to CMake at the generation time.
+
+### Clang-Format
+
+Clang-Format is used to enforce compliance with MISRA and Zubax Coding Conventions.
+
+To reformat the sources, generate the project and build the target `format`; e.g., for Make: `make format`.
+
+### SonarQube
+
+SonarQube is a cloud solution so its use is delegated to the CI/CD pipeline.
+If you need access, please get in touch with the maintainers.
+
+### IDE
+
+The recommended development environment is JetBrains CLion. The root project file can be found under `tests/`.
+The repository contains the spelling dictionaries for CLion located under `.idea/`, be sure to use them.
+
+## Testing
+
+Generate the CMake project, build all, and then build the target `test` (e.g., `make test`).
+
+Some of the tests are intended to be run manually due to lack of adequate automation solutions in the v0 ecosystem.
+Please navigate to `/tests/integration/validator/` for details.
+
+## Releasing
+
+1. Bump the version numbers (`KOCHERGA_VERSION_MAJOR`, `KOCHERGA_VERSION_MINOR`) in `kocherga.hpp`. Push the change.
+2. Create a new release on GitHub: <https://github.com/Zubax/kocherga/releases/new>