Separate out TypeScript module library from the SDK (#3182)

# Description of Changes

Please note, much of the code changed in this PR is generated code.

This change updates the TypeScript SDK to use a new `spacetimedb`
TypeScript library which lives under the `/crates/bindings-typescript`
folder alongside `/crates/bindings-csharp`. Just like with the C#
bindings library, the types for `AlgebraicType` and `RawModuleDef` are
now code generated with a script in `/crates/codegen/examples`.

Pulling this out into a library allows us to use the same types and
serialization code on both the server and the client for TypeScript
modules.

In the process of making this change I also found and fixed several
issues with the TypeScript code generation. Namely an issue with
recursive types and an issue with the `never` type. I also removed any
use of `namespace`s since those are a TypeScript only feature, and we
want to have JavaScript + types so that we can use the generated code
with ESBuild without TSC.

I have also improved the npm/pnpm scripts to be able to generate
TypeScript code for us automatically by running `pnpm generate` for any
place that we have to generate typescript code. Namely:

- Quickstart module bindings
- AlgebraicType/ModuleDef for TypeScript module library
- Client API messages for the TypeScript API
- TestApp module bindings

# API and ABI breaking changes

IMPORTANT! This is an API breaking change for clients, as such it should
be a major version change. However, I am going to see if I can shim in
the old API as best as possible to make it compatible.

Notably, we were previously exporting APIs that end users do not need,
and I don't think it would ever occur to them to use, namely the whole
`AlgebraicValue` API and also the `AlgebraicType` API. In principle, no
one should have a need for these, although it was technically possible
for them to use it.

Indeed, we could potentially even just remove AlgebraicType completely
from the API by directly code generating the serialization code.

Listed below are all of the **BREAKING** changes to the API and their
effect:

- `AlgebraicType` is now a structural union literal type instead of a
class (nominal type), this is a consequence of generating the type with
our code gen. Users did not have a reason to use `AlgebraicType`
directly.
- The `AlgebraicValue` type has been removed entirely. This was
previously a class that was exported from the SDK, but very unlikely to
be used by users.
- The `ProductValue` type has been removed.
- The `ReducerArgsAdapter` and `ValueAdapter` types, which were used
with AlgebraicValues have been removed.
- Generated code has changed incompatibly so users will have to
regenerate code when upgrading to this version. Technically a breaking
change, but pretty easy to fix.

Listed below are the non-breaking API changes:
- I am now exporting generated product types as the default export in
addition to how I was exporting them before
- For generated sum type `T`, I am now exporting a `TVariants` namespace
which has the types of all the variants for `T`. This was previously
exposed on the namespace `T`, but was inaccessible in modules other than
the one it was defined in because I also export a type `T` in addition
to namespace `T` and in the type position `T` was being interpreted as a
type rather than a namespace. It's unclear why TypeScript resolved it as
the `T` namespace within the module in which is was defined previously.
Anyway, since the old types were apparently unobservable to users, I've
replaced them with the types in `TVariants`. (Open to other names for
this namespace).
- I fixed a bug where never types (sum types with no variants) were not
correctly generated.

# Expected complexity level and risk

3. The most complex thing about the PR are the potential impacts to the
API. I am reasonably certain, but not 100% certain that I have accounted
for everything above.

# Testing

- [x] I ran `pnpm test` which runs all the tests in the repo including
an integration test which tests the connection to SpacetimeDB. I also
fixed broken tests.

---------

Co-authored-by: Zeke Foppa <[email protected]>

Author: cloutiertyler

sdks/typescript/.prettierignore renamed to .prettierignore

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ node_modules
 pnpm-lock.yaml
 dist
 target
-/.github
+.github