refactor Dockerfile to use requirements.txt for Python package installation

Author: rongxin-liu

Dockerfile

@@ -243,22 +243,10 @@ RUN apt update && \
     groupadd docker
 
 
-# Install Python packages
-RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir \
-        autopep8 \
-        cachelib \
-        "check50<4" \
-        cli50 \
-        compare50 \
-        cs50==9.4.0 \
-        Flask \
-        Flask-Session \
-        help50 \
-        pytest \
-        render50 \
-        setuptools \
-        "style50>2.10.0" \
-        "submit50<4"
+# Copy requirements file and install Python packages
+COPY requirements.txt /tmp/requirements.txt
+RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir --requirement /tmp/requirements.txt && \
+    rm /tmp/requirements.txt
 
 
 # Copy files to image

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+autopep8==2.3.2
+cachelib==0.13.0
+check50==3.4.0
+cli50==8.0.1
+compare50==1.2.13
+cs50==9.4.0
+Flask==3.1.1
+Flask-Session==0.8.0
+help50==3.0.5
+pytest==8.4.1
+render50==9.2.10
+setuptools==80.9.0
+style50==2.10.4
+submit50==3.2.1