diff --git a/src/array_api_stubs/_2021_12/creation_functions.py b/src/array_api_stubs/_2021_12/creation_functions.py
index c7659d0df..6942459ee 100644
--- a/src/array_api_stubs/_2021_12/creation_functions.py
+++ b/src/array_api_stubs/_2021_12/creation_functions.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from ._types import (
     List,
+    Literal,
     NestedSequence,
     Optional,
     SupportsBufferProtocol,
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ def linspace(
     """
 
 
-def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
+def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"] = "xy") -> List[array]:
     """
     Returns coordinate matrices from coordinate vectors.
 
@@ -319,7 +320,7 @@ def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
     ----------
     arrays: array
         an arbitrary number of one-dimensional arrays representing grid coordinates. Each array should have the same numeric data type.
-    indexing: str
+    indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"]
         Cartesian ``'xy'`` or matrix ``'ij'`` indexing of output. If provided zero or one one-dimensional vector(s) (i.e., the zero- and one-dimensional cases, respectively), the ``indexing`` keyword has no effect and should be ignored. Default: ``'xy'``.
 
     Returns
diff --git a/src/array_api_stubs/_2022_12/creation_functions.py b/src/array_api_stubs/_2022_12/creation_functions.py
index 42d6f9420..88fd6159f 100644
--- a/src/array_api_stubs/_2022_12/creation_functions.py
+++ b/src/array_api_stubs/_2022_12/creation_functions.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from ._types import (
     List,
+    Literal,
     NestedSequence,
     Optional,
     SupportsBufferProtocol,
@@ -372,7 +373,7 @@ def linspace(
     """
 
 
-def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
+def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"] = "xy") -> List[array]:
     """
     Returns coordinate matrices from coordinate vectors.
 
@@ -380,7 +381,7 @@ def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
     ----------
     arrays: array
         an arbitrary number of one-dimensional arrays representing grid coordinates. Each array should have the same numeric data type.
-    indexing: str
+    indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"]
         Cartesian ``'xy'`` or matrix ``'ij'`` indexing of output. If provided zero or one one-dimensional vector(s) (i.e., the zero- and one-dimensional cases, respectively), the ``indexing`` keyword has no effect and should be ignored. Default: ``'xy'``.
 
     Returns
diff --git a/src/array_api_stubs/_2023_12/creation_functions.py b/src/array_api_stubs/_2023_12/creation_functions.py
index 6de79268e..66c3e1d6b 100644
--- a/src/array_api_stubs/_2023_12/creation_functions.py
+++ b/src/array_api_stubs/_2023_12/creation_functions.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 from ._types import (
     List,
+    Literal,
     NestedSequence,
     Optional,
     SupportsBufferProtocol,
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ def linspace(
     """
 
 
-def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
+def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"] = "xy") -> List[array]:
     """
     Returns coordinate matrices from coordinate vectors.
 
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
     ----------
     arrays: array
         an arbitrary number of one-dimensional arrays representing grid coordinates. Each array should have the same numeric data type.
-    indexing: str
+    indexing:  Literal["xy", "ij"]
         Cartesian ``'xy'`` or matrix ``'ij'`` indexing of output. If provided zero or one one-dimensional vector(s) (i.e., the zero- and one-dimensional cases, respectively), the ``indexing`` keyword has no effect and should be ignored. Default: ``'xy'``.
 
     Returns
diff --git a/src/array_api_stubs/_2024_12/creation_functions.py b/src/array_api_stubs/_2024_12/creation_functions.py
index c09800783..bfe690cd6 100644
--- a/src/array_api_stubs/_2024_12/creation_functions.py
+++ b/src/array_api_stubs/_2024_12/creation_functions.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 from ._types import (
     List,
+    Literal,
     NestedSequence,
     Optional,
     SupportsBufferProtocol,
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ def linspace(
     """
 
 
-def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
+def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"] = "xy") -> List[array]:
     """
     Returns coordinate matrices from coordinate vectors.
 
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
     ----------
     arrays: array
         an arbitrary number of one-dimensional arrays representing grid coordinates. Each array should have the same numeric data type.
-    indexing: str
+    indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"]
         Cartesian ``'xy'`` or matrix ``'ij'`` indexing of output. If provided zero or one one-dimensional vector(s) (i.e., the zero- and one-dimensional cases, respectively), the ``indexing`` keyword has no effect and should be ignored. Default: ``'xy'``.
 
     Returns
diff --git a/src/array_api_stubs/_draft/creation_functions.py b/src/array_api_stubs/_draft/creation_functions.py
index c09800783..bfe690cd6 100644
--- a/src/array_api_stubs/_draft/creation_functions.py
+++ b/src/array_api_stubs/_draft/creation_functions.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 from ._types import (
     List,
+    Literal,
     NestedSequence,
     Optional,
     SupportsBufferProtocol,
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ def linspace(
     """
 
 
-def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
+def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"] = "xy") -> List[array]:
     """
     Returns coordinate matrices from coordinate vectors.
 
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ def meshgrid(*arrays: array, indexing: str = "xy") -> List[array]:
     ----------
     arrays: array
         an arbitrary number of one-dimensional arrays representing grid coordinates. Each array should have the same numeric data type.
-    indexing: str
+    indexing: Literal["xy", "ij"]
         Cartesian ``'xy'`` or matrix ``'ij'`` indexing of output. If provided zero or one one-dimensional vector(s) (i.e., the zero- and one-dimensional cases, respectively), the ``indexing`` keyword has no effect and should be ignored. Default: ``'xy'``.
 
     Returns