The documentation in MLPACK for the cmaes optimiser is here (lines 87-93):
https://mlpack.org/doc/mlpack-3.0.4/doxygen/cmaes_8hpp_source.html
However, in XACC, the instance of cmaes is created at this line:
https://github.com/eclipse/xacc/blob/d1edaa7ae53edc7e335f46d33160f93d6020aaa3/xacc/optimizer/mlpack/mlpack_optimizer.cpp#L195
It looks like upper and lower are in swapped positions.