The version information can be obtained through winver.exe (popup window) or systeminfo.exe (CLI) or msinfo32.exe (GUI).
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_version_history
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_11_version_history
- https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/insider/forum/all/complete-list-of-windows-insider-build-numbers/d1583f70-8e7f-45b9-8bf7-bfa5ae673303
- http://techthoughts.info/windows-version-numbers/
- https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/search/
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/operating-system-property-values
| Version name | Version | Build number | Release date | End of mainstream support | End of extended support |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows Server 2025 | NT 10.0 | 26040, 26100 | 2024-11-01 | 2029-10-09 | 2034-10-10 |
| Windows 11 24H2 "Hudson Valley" "2024 Update" | NT 11.0 | 26100 | 2024-10-01 | 2026-10-13 for Home, Pro 2027-10-12 for Entr, Edu | 2029-10-09 for Entr 2034-10-10 for IoT Entr |
| Windows 11 23H2 "Sun Valley 3" "2023 Update" | NT 11.0 | 22631 | 2023-10-31 | 2025-11-11 for Home, Pro 2026-10-10 for Entr, Edu | |
| Windows 10 22H2 "2022 Update" | NT 10.0 | 19045 | 2022-10-18 | 2025-10-14 | 2026-10-13 for Home, Pro 2028-10-10 for Entr, Edu |
| Windows 11 22H2 "Sun Valley 2" "2022 Update" | NT 11.0 | 22621 | 2022-09-20 | 2024-10-08 for Home, Pro 2025-10-14 for Entr, Edu | |
| Windows 10 21H2 "November 2021 Update" | NT 10.0 | 19044 | 2021-11-16 | 2023-06-13 for Home, Pro 2024-06-11 for Entr, Edu | 2027-01-12 or Entr 2032-01-13 or IoT Entr |
| Windows 11 21H2 "Sun Valley" | NT 11.0 | 22000 | 2021-10-05 | 2023-10-10 for Home, Pro 2024-10-08 for Entr, Edu | |
| Windows Server 2022 | NT 10.0 | 20348 | 2021-08-18 | 2026-10-13 | 2031-10-14 |
| Windows 10 21H1 "May 2021 Update" | NT 10.0 | 19043 | 2021-05-18 | 2022-12-13 | |
| Windows 10 20H2 "October 2020 Update" | NT 10.0 | 19042 (2009) | 2020-10-20 | 2022-05-10 for Home, Pro 2023-05-09 for Entr, Edu | |
| Windows 10 20H1 "May 2020 Update" | NT 10.0 | 19041 (2004) | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-14 | |
| Windows 10 19H2 "November 2019 Update" | NT 10.0 | 18363 (1909) | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-11 for Home, Pro 2022-05-10 for Entr, Edu | N/A |
| Windows 10 19H1 "May 2019 Update" | NT 10.0 | 18362 (1903) | 2019-05-21 | 2020-12-08 | N/A |
| Windows 10 Redstone 5 "October 2018 Update" | NT 10.0 | 17763 (1809) | 2018-11-13 | 2020-11-10 for Home, Pro 2021-05-11 for Entr, Edu | 2029-01-09 |
| Windows Server 2019 | NT 10.0 | 17763 | 2018-10-02 | 2024-01-09 | 2029-01-09 |
| Windows 10 Redstone 4 "April 2018 Update" | NT 10.0 | 17134 (1803) | 2018-04-30 | 2019-11-12 for Home, Pro 2021-05-11 for Entr, Edu | N/A |
| Windows 10 Redstone 3 "Fall Creators Update" | NT 10.0 | 16299 (1709) | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-09 for Home, Pro 2020-10-13 for Entr, Edu | N/A |
| Windows 10 Redstone 2 "Creators Update" | NT 10.0 | 15063 (1703) | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-09 for Home, Pro 2019-10-08 for Entr, Edu | N/A |
| Windows Server 2016 | NT 10.0 | 14393 | 2016-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 2027-01-12 |
| Windows 10 Redstone 1 "Anniversary Update" | NT 10.0 | 14393 (1607) | 2016-08-02 | 2018-04-10 for Home, Pro 2019-04-09 for Entr, Edu | 2026-10-13 |
| Windows 10 Threshold 2 "November Update" | NT 10.0 | 10586 (1511) | 2015-11-10 | 2017-10-10 | N/A |
| Windows 10 Threshold 1 | NT 10.0 | 10240 (1507) | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-09 | 2025-10-14 |
| Windows 8.1 Update 1 | NT 6.3 | 9600 | 2014-05-23 | 2018-01-09 | 2023-01-10 |
| Windows 8.1 (Blue) | NT 6.3 | 9200 | 2013-10-17 | 2018-01-09 | 2023-01-10 |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 | NT 6.3 | 9600 | 2013-10-17 | 2018-10-09 | 2023-10-10 |
| Windows 8 | NT 6.2 | 9200 | 2012-10-26 | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 |
| Windows Server 2012 | NT 6.2 | 9200 | 2012-09-04 | 2018-10-09 | 2023-10-10 |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 SP 1 | NT 6.1 | 6002 | 2011-02-22 | 2015-01-13 | 2020-01-14 |
| Windows 7 SP 1 | NT 6.1 | 7601 | 2011-02-22 | 2015-01-13 | 2020-01-14 (free) 2023-01-10 (paid) |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 | NT 6.1 | 6002 | 2009-10-22 | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 |
| Windows 7 | NT 6.1 | 7600 | 2009-07-22 | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 |
| Windows Vista SP 2 | NT 6.0 | 6002 | 2009-06 | 2012-04-10 | 2017-04-11 |
| Windows Server 2008 SP 2 | NT 6.0 | 6002 | 2009-05-26 | 2015-01-13 | 2020-01-14 |
| Windows XP SP 3 | NT 5.1 | 2600 | 2008-04 | 2009-04-14 | 2014-04-08 |
| Windows Vista SP 1 | NT 6.0 | 6001 | 2008-03 | 2012-04-10 | 2017-04-11 |
| Windows Server 2008 | NT 6.0 | 6001 | 2008-02-07 | 2015-01-13 | 2020-01-14 |
| Windows Vista (Longhorn) | NT 6.0 | 6000 | 2007-01-30 | 2012-04-10 | 2017-04-11 |
| Windows Server 2003 R2 | NT 5.2 | 3790 | 2005-12-06 | 2010-07-13 | 2015-07-14 |
| Windows XP Pro x64 SP 2 | NT 5.2 | 3790 | 2005-04-25 | 2009-04-14 | 2014-04-08 |
| Windows XP SP 2 | NT 5.1 | 2600 | 2004-08 | 2009-04-14 | 2014-04-08 |
| Windows 2000 SP 4 | NT 5.0 | 2195 | 2003-07 | 2005-06-30 | 2010-07-13 |
| Windows Server 2003 | NT 5.2 | 3790 | 2003-04-24 | 2010-07-13 | 2015-07-14 |
| Windows XP SP 1 | NT 5.1 | 2600 | 2002-07 | 2009-04-14 | 2014-04-08 |
| Windows 2000 SP 3 | NT 5.0 | 2195 | 2002-07 | 2005-06-30 | 2010-07-13 |
| Windows XP (Whistler) | NT 5.1 | 2600 | 2001-10-25 | 2009-04-14 | 2014-04-08 |
| Windows 2000 SP 2 | NT 5.0 | 2195 | 2001-05 | 2005-06-30 | 2010-07-13 |
| Windows ME (Millennium) | 4.90 | 3000 | 2000-09-14 | 2003-12-31 | 2006-07-11 |
| Windows 2000 SP 1 | NT 5.0 | 2195 | 2000-08 | 2005-06-30 | 2010-07-13 |
| Windows 2000 (Cairo) | NT 5.0 | 2195 | 2000-02-17 | 2005-06-30 | 2010-07-13 |
| Windows NT 4.0 SP 6 | NT 4.0 | 1381.335 | 1999-10-27 | 2002 | 2004 |
| Windows 98 SE (2nd Ed.) | 4.10 | 2222A | 1999-05-05 | ||
| Windows 98 (Memphis) | 4.10 | 1998.6 | 1998-06-25 | 2002-06-30 | 2006-07-11 |
| Windows NT 4.0 | NT 4.0 | 1381.1 | 1996-07-31 | 2002 | 2004 |
| Windows NT 3.51 | 3.5 | 1057 | 1995-05-30 | ||
| Windows 95 (Chicago) | 4.00 | 950 | 1995-08-24 | ||
| Windows NT 3.5 (Daytona) | 3.5 | 807 | 1994-09-21 | ||
| Windows 3.2 | 3.2 | 153 | 1993-11-22 | ||
| Windows NT 3.1 (Razzle) | NT 3.1 | 528 | 1993-07-27 | ||
| Windows 3.1 (Sparta) | 3.10 | 102 | 1992-10 | ||
| Windows 3.1 (Janus) | 3.10 | 103 | 1992-04-06 | ||
| Windows 3.0 | 3.00 | 1990-05-22 | |||
| Windows 2.1 | 2.10 | 1988-05-27 | |||
| Windows 2.0 | 2.01 | 1987-12-09 | |||
| Windows 1.04 | 1.04 | 1987-04-10 | |||
| Windows 1.03 | 1.03 | 1986-08-21 | |||
| Windows 1.02 | 1.02 | 1986-05-14 | |||
| Windows 1.01 | 1.01 | 1985-11-20 |
| Version | Release date | End of Life (EOL) |
|---|---|---|
| 6.12 LTS | 2024-11-17 | 2026-12 |
| 6.6 LTS | 2023-10-29 | 2026-12 |
| 6.1 LTS | 2022-12-11 | 2026-12 |
| 6.0 = 5.20 | 2022-10-02 | |
| 5.15 LTS | 2021-10-31 | 2026-10 |
| 5.10 LTS | 2020-12-13 | 2026-12 |
| 5.4 LTS | 2019-11-24 | 2025-12 |
| 5.0 = 4.21 | 2019-03-03 | |
| 4.19 LTS | 2018-10-22 | 2024-12 |
| 4.14 LTS | 2017-11-12 | 2024-01 |
| 4.9 LTS | 2016-12-11 | 2023-01 |
| 4.4 LTS | 2016-01-10 | 2022-02 |
| 4.1 LTS | 2015-06-21 | 2018-05 |
| 4.0 = 3.20 | 2015-04-12 | |
| 3.18 LTS | 2014-12-07 | 2017-02-08 |
| 3.16 LTS | 2014-08-03 | 2020-06 |
| 3.14 LTS | 2014-03-30 | 2016-09-12 |
| 3.12 LTS | 2013-11-02 | 2017-05 |
| 3.10 LTS | 2013-06-30 | 2017-11-08 |
| 3.4 LTS | 2012-05-20 | 2017-04 |
| 3.2 LTS | 2012-01-04 | 2018-05 |
| 3.0 LTS | 2011-07-21 | 2013-10 |
| 2.6.34 | 2010-05-16 | 2013 |
| 2.6.32 LTS | 2009-12-03 | 2016-02 |
| 2.6.0 | 2003-12-17 | |
| 2.4.0 | 2001-01-04 | |
| 2.2.0 | 1999-01-25 | |
| 2.0 | 1996-06-09 | |
| 1.0 | 1994-03-14 | |
| 0.0.1 | 1991-09 |
- https://www.debian.org/releases/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian_version_history
- https://wiki.debian.org/LTS
| Version | Code name | Release date | End of Life |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13.0 | Trixie | ||
| 12.0 | Bookworm | 2023-06-10 | |
| 11.0 | Bullseye | 2021-08-14 | 2026-06 |
| 10.0 | Buster | 2019-07-06 | 2024-06 |
| 9.0 | Stretch | 2017-06-17 | 2022-06-30 |
| 8.0 | Jessie | 2015-04-26 | 2020-06-30 |
| 7.0 | Wheezy | 2013-05-04 | 2018-05-31 |
| 6.0 | Squeeze | 2011-02-06 | 2016-02-29 |
| 5.0 | Lenny | 2009-02-14 | 2012-02-06 |
| 4.0 | Etch | 2007-04-08 | 2010-02 |
| 3.1 | Sarge | 2005-06-06 | 2008-03 |
| 3.0 | Woody | 2002-07-19 | 2006-06 |
| 2.2 | Potato | 2000-08-14 | 2003-06-30 |
| 2.1 | Slink | 1999-03-09 | |
| 2.0 | Hamm | 1998-06-24 | |
| 1.3 | Bo | 1997-06-05 | |
| 1.2 | Rex | 1996-12-12 | |
| 1.1 | Buzz | 1996-06-17 |
- https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_version_history
- Long-term support: 5 years free, 10 years with ESM (Extended Security Maintenance)
- Optional Legacy support add-on on top of Ubuntu Pro extends the security maintenance and support for an additional 2 years, resulting in 12 years coverage overall.
| Version | Code name | Release date | End of Support (EOS) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Desktop | Server | With ESM | Legacy | |||
| 24.04 LTS | Noble Numbat | 2024-04-25 | 2029-06 | 2034-04 | 2036-04 | |
| 22.04 LTS | Jammy Jellyfish | 2022-04-21 | 2027-05 | 2032-04 | 2034-04 | |
| 20.04 LTS | Focal Fossa | 2020-04-23 | 2025-05 | 2030-04 | 2032-04 | |
| 18.04 LTS | Bionic Beaver | 2018-04-26 | 2023-06 | 2028-04 | 2030-04 | |
| 16.04 LTS | Xenial Xerus | 2016-04-21 | 2021-04 | 2026-04 | 2028-04 | |
| 14.04 LTS | Trusty Tahr | 2014-04-17 | 2019-04-30 | 2024-04 | 2026-04 | |
| 12.04 LTS | Precise Pangolin | 2012-04-26 | 2017-04-28 | |||
| 10.04 LTS | Lucid Lynx | 2010-04-29 | 2013-05-09 | 2015-04-30 | ||
| 8.04 LTS | Hardy Heron | 2008-04-24 | 2011-05-12 | 2013-05-09 | ||
| 6.06 LTS | Dapper Drake | 2006-06-01 | 2009-07-14 | 2011-06-01 | ||
| 4.10 | Warty Warthog | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-30 | |||
- https://access.redhat.com/articles/3078
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux#Product_life_cycle
| Version | Code name | Release date | Linux version | End of Production | End of Extended Lifecycle Support |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RHEL 9 | Plow | 2022-05-17 | 5.14 | 2032-05 | 2034-05-31 |
| RHEL 8 | Ootpa | 2019-05-07 | 4.18 | 2029-05 | 2031-05-31 |
| RHEL 7 | Maipo | 2013-12-11 | 3.10.0 | 2024-06-30 | 2028-06-30 |
| RHEL 6 | Santiago | 2010-11-09 | 2.6.32 | 2020-11-30 | 2024-06-30 |
| RHEL 5 | Tikanga | 2007-03-15 | 2.6.18 | 2017-03-31 | 2020-11-30 |
| RHEL 4 | Nahant | 2005-02-15 | 2.6.9 | 2012-02-29 | 2017-03-31 |
| RHEL 3 | Taroon | 2003-10-22 | 2.4.21 | 2010-10-31 | 2014-01-30 |
| RHEL 2.1 | Pensacola (AS) Panama (ES) | 2002-03-26 (AS) 2003-05-01 (ES) | 2.4.9 | 2009-05-31 |
- https://www.macworld.co.uk/feature/mac/mac-os-x-macos-version-code-names-3662757/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS_version_history
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Apple_codenames
- Security updates: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201222
- The version information can be obtained through
sw_vers(https://opensource.apple.com/source/DarwinTools/DarwinTools-1/sw_vers.c.auto.html)
| Version | Code name | Release date |
|---|---|---|
| macOS 15 | Sequoia | 2024-09-17 |
| macOS 14 | Sonoma | 2023-09-26 |
| macOS 13 | Ventura | 2022-10-24 |
| macOS 12 | Monterey | 2021-10-25 |
| macOS 11 | Big Sur | 2020-11-12 |
| macOS 10.15 | Catalina (Jazz) | 2019-10-07 |
| macOS 10.14 | Mojave (Liberty) | 2018-09-24 |
| macOS 10.13 | High Sierra (Lobo) | 2017-09-25 |
| macOS 10.12 | Sierra (Fuji) | 2016-09-20 |
| OS X 10.11 | El Capitan (Gala) | 2015-09-30 |
| OS X 10.10 | Yosemite (Syrah) | 2014-10-16 |
| OS X 10.9 | Mavericks (Cabernet) | 2013-10-22 |
| OS X 10.8 | Mountain Lion (Zinfandel) | 2012-07-25 |
| OS X 10.7 | Lion (Barolo) | 2011-07-20 |
| OS X 10.6 | Snow Leopard | 2009-08-28 |
| OS X 10.5 | Leopard (Chablis) | 2007-10-26 |
| OS X 10.4.4 | Tiger (Chardonnay) | |
| OS X 10.4 | Tiger (Merlot) | 2005-04-29 |
| OS X 10.3 | Panther (Pinot) | 2003-10-24 |
| OS X 10.2 | Jaguar | 2002-08-24 |
| OS X 10.1 | Puma | 2001-09-25 |
| OS X 10.0 | Cheetah | 2001-03-24 |
| OS X 10 beta | Kodiak | 2000-09-13 |
| OS X Server 1.0 | Hera | 1999 |
| Mac OS 9 | 1999-10-23 | |
| Mac OS 8 | 1997-07-26 | |
| System 7 | Big Bang | 1991-05-13 |
| System 6 | 1988 |
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_CPU_microarchitectures
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_codenames
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick%E2%80%93tock_model (process-architecture-optimization model of production)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process%E2%80%93architecture%E2%80%93optimization_model
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication (Minimal feature size is the size of semiconductor in the manufacturing process)
- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/arch/x86/include/asm/intel-family.h (list of Intel microarchitectures in Linux kernel)
- https://github.com/coreboot/coreboot/blob/master/src/include/cpu/intel/cpu_ids.h
- https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/products-and-solutions/processors-and-chipsets/iot-platform-codenames.html
- N.B. "10++ nm" means "10 nm Enhanced SuperFin (10ESF)" (cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Cove and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_nm_process)
| Microarchitecture | Release date | Transistors | Brand and CPU names | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearwater Forest | TBA - 2025 | (CWF)
|
||
| Nova Lake | TBA - 2025 | |||
| Diamond Rapids | TBA - 2025 | (DMR) | ||
| Panther Lake | TBA - 2025 | Intel 18A | (PTL) | |
| Lunar Lake (16th gen Core) | TBA - 2025 | Intel 18A | (LNL) | |
| Bartlett Lake-S (15th gen Core) | TBA - 2024 | |||
| Sierra Forest | TBA - 2024 | Intel 3 | (SRF) | |
| Arrow Lake (15th gen Core) | TBA - 2024 | Intel 20A | (ARL) | |
| Granite Rapids | TBA - 2024 | Intel 3 | (GNR) | |
| Redwood Cove: Meteor Lake (14th gen Core) | TBA - 2023 | Intel 4 | (MTL) Eagle Stream platform | |
| Crestmont (Atom low-power SoC) | TBA - 2023 | Intel 4 | ||
| Ocean Cove | TBA - 2023 | 7 nm | ||
| Last update | ||||
| Raptor Cove: Emerald Rapids (5th gen Xeon) | 2023 | Intel 7 | (EMR) | |
| Golden Cove: Sapphire Rapids (4th gen Xeon) | 2023-01 | 10++ nm | (SPR) Eagle Stream platform (EGS) | |
| Raptor Cove: Raptor Lake (13th gen Core) | 2022-10 | (RPL) | ||
| Golden Cove: Alder Lake (12th gen Core) | 2021-11 | 10++ nm | (ADL) | |
| Gracemont (4th gen Atom low-power SoC) | 2021-11 | 10 nm | ||
| Cypress Cove: Rocket Lake (11th gen Core) | 2021-03 | 14++ nm | (RKL) | |
| Ash Creek Falls (Xeon) | 2020 (Q4) | 14 nm | (ACF) | |
| Willow Cove: Tiger Lake (11th gen Core) | 2020-09 | 10++ nm | (TGL) | |
| Tremont (3rd gen Atom low-power SoC) | 2020-09 | 10 nm | (TNT) Jasper Lake (JSL), Lakefield (LKF), Snow Ridge (SNR), Elkhart Lake (EHL) | |
| Sunny Cove: Cooper Lake (3rd gen Xeon) | 2020-06 | 14 nm | (CPL), Cedar Island Platform | |
| Sunny Cove: Ice Lake (10th gen Core) | 2019-09 | 10 nm | (ICL), Ice Lake Xeon D (ICXD) | |
| Comet Lake (10th gen Core) | 2019-08 | 14 nm | (CML, Skylake process-refinement) | |
| Amber Lake Refresh (10th gen Core) | 2019 (Q3) | 14 nm | (AML) | |
| Cascade Lake (10th gen Core) | 2019-04 | 14 nm | (CSL, Skylake optimization), Purley platform | |
| Coffee Lake Refresh (9th gen Core) | 2018-10 | 14 nm | (CFL-R) | |
| Skylake Refresh (9th gen Core) | 2018 (Q4) | 14 nm | (SKL-R) | |
| Whiskey Lake (8th gen Core) | 2018-08 | 14 nm | (WHL, Skylake process-refinement) | |
| Amber Lake (8th gen Core) | 2018-08 | 14 nm | (AML, Skylake process-refinement) | |
| Palm Cove: Cannon Lake (8th gen Core) | 2018-05 | 10 nm | (CNL, die shrink of Kaby Lake), formerly Skymont | |
| Knights Mill (manycore) | 2017-12 | 14 nm | (KNM) | |
| Goldmont Plus (low-power SoC) | 2017-11 | 14 nm | Gemini Lake (GLK) | |
| Coffee Lake (8th gen Core) | 2017-10 | 14 nm | (CFL, Skylake process-refinement) | |
| Kaby Lake Refresh (8th gen Core) | 2017-08 | 14 nm | (KBL-R, Skylake process-refinement) | |
| Goldmont (low-power SoC) | 2016 | 14 nm | (GLM) Apollo Lake (APL), Denverton (DNV) | |
| Kaby Lake (7th gen Core) | 2016-08 | 14 nm | (KBL), Skylake Refresh | |
| Airmont (low-power SoC) | 2015 | 14 nm | (AMT) (die shrink of Silvermont), Braswell, Cherry Trail (CHV) | |
| Skylake (6th gen Core) | 2015-08 | 14 nm | (SKL, SKX) | |
| Broadwell (5th gen Core) | 2014-10 | 14 nm | (BDW, BDX) | |
| Silvermont (low-power SoC) | 2013 | 22 nm | (SLM) Merrifield, Moorefield, Bay Trail (BYT), Avoton (AVN), Rangeley, Valleyview (VLV), Tangier, Anniedale | |
| Knights Landing (manycore) | 2013-06 | 14 nm | (KNL) | |
| Haswell (4th gen Core) | 2013-06 | 22-14 nm | (HSW), Haswell Xeon (HSX) | |
| Ivy Bridge (3rd gen Core) | 2012-04 | 22 nm | (IVB), Ivy Bridge Xeon (IVBX) | |
| Saltwell (low-power SoC) | 2011 | 32 nm | (die shrink of Bonnell), Cedarview, Penwell, Cloverview, Berryville, Centerton | |
| Sandy Bridge (2nd gen Core) | 2011-01 | 32 nm | (SNB), Gladden, Cougar Point chipset | |
| Xeon Phi (manycore) | 2010 | 22-14 nm | ||
| Westmere (1st gen Core) | 2010-01 | 32 nm | (WSM) Gulftown, Clarkdale, Arrandale | |
| Bonnell (Atom) | 2008 | 45 nm | (BNL) Silverthorne, Diamondville, Pineview (PNV), Tunnel Creek, Lincroft, Stellarton, Sodaville | |
| Nehalem (1st gen Core) | 2008-11 | 45 nm | Beckton, Gainestown, Jasper Forest, Bloomfield, Lynnfield, Clarksfield | |
| Penryn | 2008-04 | 45 nm | Wolfdale, Yorkfield, Harpertown, Dunnington | |
| Intel Core | 2006-07 | 65 nm | Allendale, Conroe, Woodcrest, Kentsfield, Clovertown, Tigerton | |
| NetBurst | 2000-11 | 180-65 nm | Pentium 4, Willamette, Northwood, Gallatin, Prescott, Cedar Mill, Smithfield, Presler | |
| P6 | 1995-11 | 350-130 nm | i686, Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III | |
| P5 | 1993-03-22 | 0.80-0.25 µm | i586, Pentium, Tillamook | |
| Intel 80486 | 1989-04 | 1-0.6 µm | i486 | |
| Intel 80386 | 1985-10 | 1.5-1 µm | i386 | |
| Intel 80286 | 1982 | 1.5 µm | iAPX 286 | |
| Intel 80186 | 1982 | 3 µm | iAPX 186 | |
| Intel 8088 | 1979-06 | 3 µm | iAPX 88 | |
| Intel 8086 | 1978 | 3 µm | iAPX 86 | |
| Intel 8085 | 1976-03 | 3 µm | ||
| Intel 8080 | 1974-04 | 6 µm | ||
| Intel 8008 | 1972-04 | 10 µm | ||
Wi-Fi is defined by IEEE 802.11 standards (ISO/CEI 8802-11).
Documentation links:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
- https://www.wi-fi.org/discover-wi-fi/wi-fi-certified-6
- https://le-routeur-wifi.com/normes-wi-fi-802-11abgnac-comprendre-le-wifi-et-ses-normes/
| Generation | Name | Launch date | Speed | Frequencies | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 802.11 | 1997 | 2 Mbit/s | 2.4 GHz | 20 m | |
| Wi-Fi 1 | 802.11b | 1999 | 11 Mbit/s | 35 m | |
| Wi-Fi 2 | 802.11a | 1999 | 54 Mbit/s | 5 GHz | 35 m |
| Wi-Fi 3 | 802.11g | 2003 | 54 Mbit/s | 2.4 GHz | 38 m |
| Wi-Fi 4 | 802.11n | 2009 | 288 Mbit/s | 2.4 GHz | 70 m |
| 600 Mbit/s | 5 GHz | 35 m | |||
| 802.11ad | 2012 | 6750 Mbit/s | 60 GHz | 10 m | |
| Wi-Fi 5 | 802.11ac | 2014 | 6933 Mbit/s | 2.4, 5 GHz | 35 m |
| 802.11ah | 2016 | 8 Mbit/s | 0.9 GHz | 100 m | |
| Wi-Fi 6 | 802.11ax | 2019 | 9608 Mbit/s | 2.4, 5 GHz | |
| Wi-Fi 7 | 802.11be | 40000 Mbit/s | 2.4, 5, 6 GHz |