diff --git a/website/pages/en/glossary.mdx b/website/pages/en/glossary.mdx index 9121f3340af9..51830cbd258d 100644 --- a/website/pages/en/glossary.mdx +++ b/website/pages/en/glossary.mdx @@ -2,84 +2,92 @@ title: Glossary --- -- **The Graph**: A decentralized protocol for indexing and querying data. - -- **Query**: A request for data. In the case of The Graph, a query is a request for data from a subgraph that will be answered by an Indexer. +- **Allocation**: An Indexer can allocate their total GRT stake (including Delegators' stake) towards subgraphs that have been published on The Graph's decentralized network. Allocations exist in one of four phases. -- **GraphQL**: A query language for APIs and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with your existing data. The Graph uses GraphQL to query subgraphs. + 1. **Active**: An allocation is considered active when it is created on-chain. This is called opening an allocation, and indicates to the network that the Indexer is actively indexing and serving queries for a particular subgraph. Active allocations accrue indexing rewards proportional to the signal on the subgraph, and the amount of GRT allocated. -- **Endpoint**: A URL that can be used to query a subgraph. The testing endpoint for Subgraph Studio is `https://api.studio.thegraph.com/query///` and the Graph Explorer endpoint is `https://gateway.thegraph.com/api//subgraphs/id/`. The Graph Explorer endpoint is used to query subgraphs on The Graph's decentralized network. + 2. **Closed**: An Indexer may claim the accrued indexing rewards on a given subgraph by submitting a recent, and valid, Proof of Indexing (POI). This is known as closing an allocation. An allocation must have been open for a minimum of one epoch before it can be closed. The maximum allocation period is 28 epochs. If an indexer leaves an allocation open beyond 28 epochs, it is known as a stale allocation. When an allocation is in the **Closed** state, a Fisherman can still open a dispute to challenge an Indexer for serving false data. -- **Subgraph**: A custom API built on blockchain data that can be queried using [GraphQL](https://graphql.org/). Developers can build, deploy and publish subgraphs to The Graph's decentralized network. Then, Indexers can begin indexing subgraphs to make them available to be queried by subgraph consumers. +- **Arbitrators**: Arbitrators are network participants appointed through a governance process. The role of the Arbitrator is to decide the outcome of indexing and query disputes. Their goal is to maximize the utility and reliability of The Graph Network. -- **Hosted service**: A temporary scaffold service for building and querying subgraphs as The Graph's decentralized network is maturing its cost of service, quality of service, and developer experience. +- **Cooldown Period**: The time remaining until an Indexer who changed their delegation parameters can do so again. -- **Indexers**: Network participants that run indexing nodes to index data from blockchains and serve GraphQL queries. +- **Curation Tax**: A 1% fee paid by Curators when they signal GRT on subgraphs. The GRT used to pay the fee is burned. -- **Indexer Revenue Streams**: Indexers are rewarded in GRT with two components: query fee rebates and indexing rewards. +- **Curators**: Network participants that identify high-quality subgraphs, and “curate” them (i.e., signal GRT on them) in exchange for curation shares. When Indexers claim query fees on a subgraph, 10% is distributed to the Curators of that subgraph. Indexers earn indexing rewards proportional to the signal on a subgraph. We see a correlation between the amount of GRT signalled and the number of Indexers indexing a subgraph. - 1. **Query Fee Rebates**: Payments from subgraph consumers for serving queries on the network. +- **Delegators**: Network participants who own GRT and delegate their GRT to Indexers. This allows Indexers to increase their stake in subgraphs on the network. In return, Delegators receive a portion of the Indexing Rewards that Indexers receive for processing subgraphs. - 2. **Indexing Rewards**: The rewards that Indexers receive for indexing subgraphs. Indexing rewards are generated via new issuance of 3% GRT annually. +- **Delegation Rewards**: The rewards that Delegators receive for delegating GRT to Indexers. Delegation rewards are distributed in GRT. -- **Indexer's Self Stake**: The amount of GRT that Indexers stake to participate in the decentralized network. The minimum is 100,000 GRT, and there is no upper limit. +- **Delegation Tax**: A 0.5% fee paid by Delegators when they delegate GRT to Indexers. The GRT used to pay the fee is burned. -- **Upgrade Indexer**: A temporary Indexer designed to act as a fallback for subgraph queries not serviced by other Indexers on the network. It ensures a seamless transition for subgraphs upgrading from the hosted service by readily serving their queries upon being published. The upgrade Indexer is not competitive with other Indexers. It supports blockchains that were only available on the hosted service previously. +- **Endpoint**: A URL that can query a subgraph. The testing endpoint for Subgraph Studio is `https://api.studio.thegraph.com/query///` and the Graph Explorer endpoint is `https://gateway.thegraph.com/api//subgraphs/id/`. The Graph Explorer endpoint is used to query subgraphs on The Graph's decentralized network. -- **Delegators**: Network participants who own GRT and delegate their GRT to Indexers. This allows Indexers to increase their stake in subgraphs on the network. In return, Delegators receive a portion of the Indexing Rewards that Indexers receive for processing subgraphs. +- **Epoch**: A unit of time within the network. Currently, one epoch is 6,646 blocks or approximately 1 day. -- **Delegation Tax**: A 0.5% fee paid by Delegators when they delegate GRT to Indexers. The GRT used to pay the fee is burned. +- **Firehose**: A versatile and scalable blockchain data processing solution that makes it easy to process and analyze data from any blockchain, regardless of its protocol or implementation. Specific Firehose instrumentation is required for each blockchain protocol. -- **Curators**: Network participants that identify high-quality subgraphs, and “curate” them (i.e., signal GRT on them) in exchange for curation shares. When Indexers claim query fees on a subgraph, 10% is distributed to the Curators of that subgraph. Indexers earn indexing rewards proportional to the signal on a subgraph. We see a correlation between the amount of GRT signalled and the number of Indexers indexing a subgraph. +- **Fishermen**: A role within The Graph Network held by participants who monitor the accuracy and integrity of data served by Indexers. When a Fisherman identifies a query response or a POI they believe to be incorrect, they can initiate a dispute against the Indexer. If the dispute rules in favor of the Fisherman, the Indexer is slashed. Specifically, the Indexer will lose 2.5% of their self-stake of GRT. Of this amount, 50% is awarded to the Fisherman as a bounty for their vigilance, and the remaining 50% is removed from circulation (burned). This mechanism is designed to encourage Fishermen to help maintain the reliability of the network by ensuring that Indexers are held accountable for the data they provide. -- **Curation Tax**: A 1% fee paid by Curators when they signal GRT on subgraphs. The GRT used to pay the fee is burned. +- **GRT**: The Graph's work utility token. GRT provides economic incentives to network participants for contributing to the network. -- **Subgraph Consumer**: Any application or user that queries a subgraph. +- **GraphQL**: A query language for APIs and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with your existing data. The Graph uses GraphQL to query subgraphs. -- **Subgraph Developer**: A developer who builds and deploys a subgraph to The Graph's decentralized network. +- **Graph CLI**: A command line interface tool for building and deploying to The Graph. -- **Subgraph Manifest**: A JSON file that describes the subgraph's GraphQL schema, data sources, and other metadata. [Here](https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmVQdzeGdPUiLiACeqXRpKAYpyj8Z1yfWLMUq7A7WundUf) is an example. +- **Graph Explorer**: A dapp designed for network participants to explore subgraphs and interact with the protocol. -- **Epoch**: A unit of time within the network. Currently, one epoch is 6,646 blocks or approximately 1 day. +- **Graph Node**: Graph Node is the component which indexes subgraphs, and makes the resulting data available to query via a GraphQL API. As such it is central to the indexer stack, and correct operation of Graph Node is crucial to running a successful indexer. -- **Allocation**: An Indexer can allocate their total GRT stake (including Delegators' stake) towards subgraphs that have been published on The Graph's decentralized network. Allocations exist in one of four phases. +- **Hosted service**: A temporary scaffold service for building and querying subgraphs as The Graph's decentralized network matures its service cost, quality of service, and developer experience. - 1. **Active**: An allocation is considered active when it is created on-chain. This is called opening an allocation, and indicates to the network that the Indexer is actively indexing and serving queries for a particular subgraph. Active allocations accrue indexing rewards proportional to the signal on the subgraph, and the amount of GRT allocated. +- **Indexers**: Network participants that run indexing nodes to index data from blockchains and serve GraphQL queries. - 2. **Closed**: An Indexer may claim the accrued indexing rewards on a given subgraph by submitting a recent, and valid, Proof of Indexing (POI). This is known as closing an allocation. An allocation must have been open for a minimum of one epoch before it can be closed. The maximum allocation period is 28 epochs. If an indexer leaves an allocation open beyond 28 epochs, it is known as a stale allocation. When an allocation is in the **Closed** state, a Fisherman can still open a dispute to challenge an Indexer for serving false data. +- **Indexer agent**: The Indexer agent is part of the indexer stack. It facilitates the Indexer's interactions on-chain, including registering on the network, managing subgraph deployments to its Graph Node(s), and managing allocations. -- **Subgraph Studio**: A powerful dapp for building, deploying, and publishing subgraphs. +- **Indexer Revenue Streams**: Indexers are rewarded in GRT with two components: query fee rebates and indexing rewards. + 1. **Query Fee Rebates**: Payments from subgraph consumers for serving queries on the network. -- **Fishermen**: A role within The Graph Network held by participants who monitor the accuracy and integrity of data served by Indexers. When a Fisherman identifies a query response or a POI they believe to be incorrect, they can initiate a dispute against the Indexer. If the dispute rules in favor of the Fisherman, the Indexer is slashed. Specifically, the Indexer will lose 2.5% of their self-stake of GRT. Of this amount, 50% is awarded to the Fisherman as a bounty for their vigilance, and the remaining 50% is removed from circulation (burned). This mechanism is designed to encourage Fishermen to help maintain the reliability of the network by ensuring that Indexers are held accountable for the data they provide. + 2. **Indexing Rewards**: The rewards that Indexers receive for indexing subgraphs. Indexing rewards are generated via new issuance of 3% GRT annually. -- **Arbitrators**: Arbitrators are network participants appointed through a governance process. The role of the Arbitrator is to decide the outcome of indexing and query disputes. Their goal is to maximize the utility and reliability of The Graph Network. +- **Indexing Rewards**: The rewards that Indexers receive for indexing subgraphs. Indexing rewards are distributed in GRT. -- **Slashing**: Indexers can have their self-staked GRT slashed for providing an incorrect POI or for serving inaccurate data. or for serving inaccurate data. The slashing percentage is a protocol parameter currently set to 2.5% of an Indexer's self stake. 50% of the slashed GRT goes to the Fisherman that disputed the inaccurate data or incorrect POI. The other 50% is burned. +- **Indexer's Self Stake**: The amount of GRT that Indexers stake to participate in the decentralized network. The minimum is 100,000 GRT, and there is no upper limit. -- **Indexing Rewards**: The rewards that Indexers receive for indexing subgraphs. Indexing rewards are distributed in GRT. -- **Delegation Rewards**: The rewards that Delegators receive for delegating GRT to Indexers. Delegation rewards are distributed in GRT. +- **L2 Transfer Tools**: Smart contracts and UI that enable network participants to transfer network related assets from Ethereum mainnet to Arbitrum One. Network participants can transfer delegated GRT, subgraphs, curation shares, and Indexer's self stake. -- **GRT**: The Graph's work utility token. GRT provides economic incentives to network participants for contributing to the network. +- **Migrating**: The process of curation shares moving from an old version of a subgraph to a new version of a subgraph (e.g. when v0.0.1 is updated to v0.0.2). - **POI or Proof of Indexing**: When an Indexer closes their allocation and wants to claim their accrued indexing rewards on a given subgraph, they must provide a valid and recent Proof of Indexing (POI). Fishermen may dispute the POI provided by an Indexer. A dispute resolved in the Fisherman's favor will result in slashing of the Indexer. -- **Graph Node**: Graph Node is the component which indexes subgraphs, and makes the resulting data available to query via a GraphQL API. As such it is central to the indexer stack, and correct operation of Graph Node is crucial to running a successful indexer. +- **Query**: A request for data. In the case of The Graph, a query is a request for data from a subgraph that an Indexer will answer. -- **Indexer agent**: The Indexer agent is part of the indexer stack. It facilitates the Indexer's interactions on-chain, including registering on the network, managing subgraph deployments to its Graph Node(s), and managing allocations. +- **Slashing**: Indexers can have their self-staked GRT slashed for providing an incorrect POI or for serving inaccurate data. or for serving inaccurate data. The slashing percentage is a protocol parameter currently set to 2.5% of an Indexer's self stake. 50% of the slashed GRT goes to the Fisherman that disputed the inaccurate data or incorrect POI. The other 50% is burned. -- **The Graph Client**: A library for building GraphQL-based dapps in a decentralized way. +- **Subgraph**: A custom API built on blockchain data that can be queried using [GraphQL](https://graphql.org/). Developers can build, deploy, and publish subgraphs to The Graph's decentralized network. Then, Indexers can begin indexing subgraphs to make them available to be queried by subgraph consumers. -- **Graph Explorer**: A dapp designed for network participants to explore subgraphs and interact with the protocol. +- **Subgraph Consumer**: Any application or user that queries a subgraph. -- **Graph CLI**: A command line interface tool for building and deploying to The Graph. +- **Subgraph Developer**: A developer who builds and deploys a subgraph to The Graph's decentralized network. -- **Cooldown Period**: The time remaining until an Indexer who changed their delegation parameters can do so again. +- **Subgraph Manifest**: A JSON file that describes the subgraph's GraphQL schema, data sources, and other metadata. [Here](https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmVQdzeGdPUiLiACeqXRpKAYpyj8Z1yfWLMUq7A7WundUf) is an example. -- **L2 Transfer Tools**: Smart contracts and UI that enable network participants to transfer network related assets from Ethereum mainnet to Arbitrum One. Network participants can transfer delegated GRT, subgraphs, curation shares, and Indexer's self stake. +- **Subgraph Studio**: A powerful dapp for building, deploying, and publishing subgraphs. + +- **Substreams**: Allows developers to define the data Firehose should retrieve from the blockchain and apply transformations to it. + +- **Substreams-powered subgraph**: Enables subgraph developers to leverage Substreams' high indexing speed and additional data by using Substreams modules as data sources. + +- **The Graph**: A decentralized protocol for indexing and querying data. + +- **The Graph Client**: A library for building GraphQL-based dapps in a decentralized way. + +- **Upgrade Indexer**: A temporary Indexer designed to act as a fallback for subgraph queries not serviced by other Indexers on the network. It ensures a seamless transition for subgraphs upgrading from the hosted service by readily serving their queries upon being published. The upgrade Indexer is not competitive with other Indexers. It supports blockchains that were only available on the hosted service previously. - **_Upgrading_ a subgraph to The Graph Network**: The process of moving a subgraph from the hosted service to The Graph Network. - **_Updating_ a subgraph**: The process of releasing a new subgraph version with updates to the subgraph's manifest, schema, or mappings. -- **Migrating**: The process of curation shares moving from an old version of a subgraph to a new version of a subgraph (e.g. when v0.0.1 is updated to v0.0.2). +