diff --git a/data/README.md b/data/README.md
index 1786804fa2..fc16edd958 100644
--- a/data/README.md
+++ b/data/README.md
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Currently we support datasets in **alpaca** and **sharegpt** format.
     "messages": "the column name in the dataset containing the messages. (default: conversations)",
     "system": "the column name in the dataset containing the system prompts. (default: None)",
     "tools": "the column name in the dataset containing the tool description. (default: None)",
+    "loss_mask": "The column names of responses used for model learning in multi-turn datasets (default: None)",
     "images": "the column name in the dataset containing the image inputs. (default: None)",
     "videos": "the column name in the dataset containing the videos inputs. (default: None)",
     "chosen": "the column name in the dataset containing the chosen answers. (default: None)",
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ The `system` column will be used as the system prompt if specified.
 
 The `history` column is a list consisting of string tuples representing prompt-response pairs in the history messages. Note that the responses in the history **will also be learned by the model** in supervised fine-tuning.
 
+The `loss_mask` column is a list composed of integers 0 or 1, and its length should be consistent with the number of dialogue turns in the sample multiplied by 2 (for example, if the dialogue has 3 turns, the list length should be 6). A value of 1 indicates that the corresponding output content participates in the loss calculation, while a value of 0 indicates that it does not participate.
+
 ```json
 [
   {
@@ -62,7 +65,8 @@ The `history` column is a list consisting of string tuples representing prompt-r
     "history": [
       ["human instruction in the first round (optional)", "model response in the first round (optional)"],
       ["human instruction in the second round (optional)", "model response in the second round (optional)"]
-    ]
+    ],
+    "loss_mask": [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1] # "used to indicate which data participates in loss calculation (optional)"
   }
 ]
 ```
@@ -77,7 +81,8 @@ Regarding the above dataset, the *dataset description* in `dataset_info.json` sh
     "query": "input",
     "response": "output",
     "system": "system",
-    "history": "history"
+    "history": "history",
+    "loss_mask": "loss_mask"
   }
 }
 ```
@@ -160,6 +165,8 @@ Compared to the alpaca format, the sharegpt format allows the datasets have **mo
 
 Note that the human and observation should appear in odd positions, while gpt and function should appear in even positions.
 
+The `loss_mask` column is a list composed of integers 0 or 1, and its length should be consistent with the length of the conversations in this sample. A value of 1 indicates that the corresponding position's GPT and function content participate in the loss calculation, while a value of 0 indicates that they do not participate.
+
 ```json
 [
   {
@@ -182,7 +189,8 @@ Note that the human and observation should appear in odd positions, while gpt an
       }
     ],
     "system": "system prompt (optional)",
-    "tools": "tool description (optional)"
+    "tools": "tool description (optional)",
+    "loss_mask": [0, 0, 0, 1] # "used to indicate which data participates in loss calculation (optional)"
   }
 ]
 ```
@@ -196,7 +204,8 @@ Regarding the above dataset, the *dataset description* in `dataset_info.json` sh
   "columns": {
     "messages": "conversations",
     "system": "system",
-    "tools": "tools"
+    "tools": "tools",
+    "loss_mask": "loss_mask"
   }
 }
 ```
diff --git a/data/README_zh.md b/data/README_zh.md
index 5cfa4b8018..8fd73911cb 100644
--- a/data/README_zh.md
+++ b/data/README_zh.md
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     "messages": "数据集代表消息列表的表头名称（默认：conversations）",
     "system": "数据集代表系统提示的表头名称（默认：None）",
     "tools": "数据集代表工具描述的表头名称（默认：None）",
+    "loss_mask": "数据集多轮数据中哪些response用于模型学习的表头名称（默认：None）",
     "images": "数据集代表图像输入的表头名称（默认：None）",
     "videos": "数据集代表视频输入的表头名称（默认：None）",
     "chosen": "数据集代表更优回答的表头名称（默认：None）",
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@
 
 `history` 列是由多个字符串二元组构成的列表，分别代表历史消息中每轮对话的指令和回答。注意在指令监督微调时，历史消息中的回答内容**也会被用于模型学习**。
 
+`loss_mask` 列是由int型0或者1组成的列表，长度应该与本条样本对话轮数*2 保持一致（例如下面数据对话3轮，则列表长度为6），1表示对应位置output内容参与loss计算，0则表示不参与。
+
 ```json
 [
   {
@@ -62,7 +65,8 @@
     "history": [
       ["第一轮指令（选填）", "第一轮回答（选填）"],
       ["第二轮指令（选填）", "第二轮回答（选填）"]
-    ]
+    ],
+    "loss_mask": [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1] # "用于标识哪些数据参与loss计算（选填）"
   }
 ]
 ```
@@ -77,7 +81,8 @@
     "query": "input",
     "response": "output",
     "system": "system",
-    "history": "history"
+    "history": "history",
+    "loss_mask": "loss_mask"
   }
 }
 ```
@@ -160,6 +165,8 @@ KTO 数据集需要提供额外的 `kto_tag` 列。详情请参阅 [sharegpt](#s
 
 注意其中 human 和 observation 必须出现在奇数位置，gpt 和 function 必须出现在偶数位置。
 
+`loss_mask` 列是由int型0或者1组成的列表，长度应该与本条样本conversations的长度 保持一致，1表示对应位置的 gpt 和 function内容参与loss计算，0则表示不参与。
+
 ```json
 [
   {
@@ -182,7 +189,8 @@ KTO 数据集需要提供额外的 `kto_tag` 列。详情请参阅 [sharegpt](#s
       }
     ],
     "system": "系统提示词（选填）",
-    "tools": "工具描述（选填）"
+    "tools": "工具描述（选填）",
+    "loss_mask": [0, 0, 0, 1] # "用于标识哪些数据参与loss计算（选填）"
   }
 ]
 ```
@@ -196,7 +204,8 @@ KTO 数据集需要提供额外的 `kto_tag` 列。详情请参阅 [sharegpt](#s
   "columns": {
     "messages": "conversations",
     "system": "system",
-    "tools": "tools"
+    "tools": "tools",
+    "loss_mask": "loss_mask"
   }
 }
 ```
diff --git a/src/llamafactory/data/aligner.py b/src/llamafactory/data/aligner.py
index 82bbfafb2d..8c262085b6 100644
--- a/src/llamafactory/data/aligner.py
+++ b/src/llamafactory/data/aligner.py
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ def convert_alpaca(
         "_response": response,
         "_system": example[dataset_attr.system] if dataset_attr.system else "",
         "_tools": example[dataset_attr.tools] if dataset_attr.tools else "",
+        "_loss_mask": example[dataset_attr.loss_mask] if dataset_attr.loss_mask else [],
         "_images": convert_images(example[dataset_attr.images]) if dataset_attr.images else None,
         "_videos": convert_videos(example[dataset_attr.videos]) if dataset_attr.videos else None,
     }
@@ -221,6 +222,7 @@ def convert_sharegpt(
         "_response": response,
         "_system": system,
         "_tools": example[dataset_attr.tools] if dataset_attr.tools else "",
+        "_loss_mask": example[dataset_attr.loss_mask] if dataset_attr.loss_mask else [],
         "_images": convert_images(example[dataset_attr.images]) if dataset_attr.images else None,
         "_videos": convert_videos(example[dataset_attr.videos]) if dataset_attr.videos else None,
     }
diff --git a/src/llamafactory/data/parser.py b/src/llamafactory/data/parser.py
index 709d0c900c..4e64b9ca2a 100644
--- a/src/llamafactory/data/parser.py
+++ b/src/llamafactory/data/parser.py
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def get_dataset_list(dataset_names: Optional[Sequence[str]], dataset_dir: str) -
         if "columns" in dataset_info[name]:
             column_names = ["system", "tools", "images", "videos", "chosen", "rejected", "kto_tag"]
             if dataset_attr.formatting == "alpaca":
-                column_names.extend(["prompt", "query", "response", "history"])
+                column_names.extend(["prompt", "query", "response", "history", "loss_mask"])
             else:
                 column_names.extend(["messages"])
 
diff --git a/src/llamafactory/data/processors/pairwise.py b/src/llamafactory/data/processors/pairwise.py
index a594c9846a..13c43fc4a4 100644
--- a/src/llamafactory/data/processors/pairwise.py
+++ b/src/llamafactory/data/processors/pairwise.py
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ def preprocess_pairwise_dataset(
             response=examples["_response"][i],
             system=examples["_system"][i],
             tools=examples["_tools"][i],
+            loss_mask=examples["_loss_mask"][i],
             images=examples["_images"][i] or [],
             videos=examples["_videos"][i] or [],
             template=template,
diff --git a/src/llamafactory/data/processors/supervised.py b/src/llamafactory/data/processors/supervised.py
index 83bd8ba2a7..08deea424f 100644
--- a/src/llamafactory/data/processors/supervised.py
+++ b/src/llamafactory/data/processors/supervised.py
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ def _encode_supervised_example(
     response: Sequence[Dict[str, str]],
     system: Optional[str],
     tools: Optional[str],
+    loss_mask: Optional[List[int]],
     images: Sequence["ImageInput"],
     videos: Sequence["VideoInput"],
     template: "Template",
@@ -47,12 +48,12 @@ def _encode_supervised_example(
 ) -> Tuple[List[int], List[int]]:
     messages = template.mm_plugin.process_messages(prompt + response, images, videos, processor)
     input_ids, labels = template.mm_plugin.process_token_ids([], [], images, videos, tokenizer, processor)
-    encoded_pairs = template.encode_multiturn(tokenizer, messages, system, tools)
+    encoded_pairs = template.encode_multiturn(tokenizer, messages, system, tools, loss_mask)
     total_length = len(input_ids) + (1 if template.efficient_eos else 0)
     if mask_history:
         encoded_pairs = encoded_pairs[::-1]  # high priority for last turns
 
-    for turn_idx, (source_ids, target_ids) in enumerate(encoded_pairs):
+    for turn_idx, (source_ids, target_ids, use_label) in enumerate(encoded_pairs):
         if total_length >= cutoff_len:
             break
 
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ def _encode_supervised_example(
         else:
             source_label = [IGNORE_INDEX] * source_len
 
-        if mask_history and turn_idx != 0:  # train on the last turn only
+        if (mask_history and turn_idx != 0) or not use_label:  # train on the last turn only
             target_label = [IGNORE_INDEX] * target_len
         else:
             target_label = target_ids
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ def preprocess_supervised_dataset(
             response=examples["_response"][i],
             system=examples["_system"][i],
             tools=examples["_tools"][i],
+            loss_mask=examples["_loss_mask"][i],
             images=examples["_images"][i] or [],
             videos=examples["_videos"][i] or [],
             template=template,
@@ -153,6 +155,7 @@ def preprocess_packed_supervised_dataset(
             response=examples["_response"][i],
             system=examples["_system"][i],
             tools=examples["_tools"][i],
+            loss_mask=examples["_loss_mask"][i],
             images=examples["_images"][i] or [],
             videos=examples["_videos"][i] or [],
             template=template,
diff --git a/src/llamafactory/data/template.py b/src/llamafactory/data/template.py
index 73f6209637..5a559957ed 100644
--- a/src/llamafactory/data/template.py
+++ b/src/llamafactory/data/template.py
@@ -77,12 +77,15 @@ def encode_multiturn(
         messages: Sequence[Dict[str, str]],
         system: Optional[str] = None,
         tools: Optional[str] = None,
+        loss_mask: Optional[List[int]] = None,
     ) -> List[Tuple[List[int], List[int]]]:
         r"""
         Returns multiple pairs of token ids representing prompts and responses respectively.
         """
         encoded_messages = self._encode(tokenizer, messages, system, tools)
-        return [(encoded_messages[i], encoded_messages[i + 1]) for i in range(0, len(encoded_messages), 2)]
+        if loss_mask:
+            return [(encoded_messages[i], encoded_messages[i + 1], loss_mask[i + 1]) for i in range(0, len(encoded_messages), 2)]
+        return [(encoded_messages[i], encoded_messages[i + 1], 1) for i in range(0, len(encoded_messages), 2)]
 
     def extract_tool(self, content: str) -> Union[str, List["FunctionCall"]]:
         r"""