diff --git a/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js b/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
index 494d67e62146..0d2536a10fa0 100644
--- a/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
+++ b/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ test('require of ESM should throw correct error', () => {
 });
 
 test('can mock module', async () => {
-  jestObject.unstable_mockModule('../mockedModule.mjs', () => ({foo: 'bar'}), {
+  jestObject.mockModule('../mockedModule.mjs', () => ({foo: 'bar'}), {
     virtual: true,
   });
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
index 7a6e1cc8f7ef..0f0bd6500075 100644
--- a/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-environment/src/index.ts
@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ export interface Jest {
   /**
    * Mocks a module with the provided module factory when it is being imported.
    */
-  unstable_mockModule<T = unknown>(
+  mockModule<T = unknown>(
     moduleName: string,
-    moduleFactory: () => Promise<T> | T,
+    moduleFactory?: () => Promise<T> | T,
     options?: {virtual?: boolean},
   ): Jest;
   /**
diff --git a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
index 1dc2c9a56322..dc0929c926d1 100644
--- a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
@@ -716,6 +716,8 @@ export default class Runtime {
   async unstable_importModule(
     from: string,
     moduleName?: string,
+    // TODO: implement this
+    _isImportActual = false,
   ): Promise<void> {
     invariant(
       runtimeSupportsVmModules,
@@ -2041,16 +2043,22 @@ export default class Runtime {
       this.setMock(from, moduleName, mockFactory, options);
       return jestObject;
     };
-    const mockModule: Jest['unstable_mockModule'] = (
+    const mockModule: Jest['mockModule'] = (
       moduleName,
       mockFactory,
       options,
     ) => {
-      if (typeof mockFactory !== 'function') {
-        throw new Error('`unstable_mockModule` must be passed a mock factory');
+      if (mockFactory !== undefined) {
+        this.setModuleMock(from, moduleName, mockFactory, options);
+        return jestObject;
       }
 
-      this.setModuleMock(from, moduleName, mockFactory, options);
+      const moduleID = this._resolver.getModuleID(
+        this._virtualMocks,
+        from,
+        moduleName,
+      );
+      this._explicitShouldMockModule.set(moduleID, true);
       return jestObject;
     };
     const clearAllMocks = () => {
@@ -2161,6 +2169,7 @@ export default class Runtime {
       isolateModules,
       mock,
       mocked,
+      mockModule,
       requireActual: this.requireActual.bind(this, from),
       requireMock: this.requireMock.bind(this, from),
       resetAllMocks,
@@ -2197,7 +2206,6 @@ export default class Runtime {
       setTimeout,
       spyOn,
       unmock,
-      unstable_mockModule: mockModule,
       useFakeTimers,
       useRealTimers,
     };