diff --git a/include/anyany/anyany.hpp b/include/anyany/anyany.hpp
index 4e78e28..bdab378 100644
--- a/include/anyany/anyany.hpp
+++ b/include/anyany/anyany.hpp
@@ -217,11 +217,17 @@ template <typename X, anyany_simple_method_concept... Methods>
 struct exist_for {
  private:
   template <typename T, typename Method>
-  static auto check_fn(int) -> decltype(Method::template do_invoke<T>, std::true_type{});
+  static auto check_fn(int) -> decltype(Method::template do_invoke<T>, std::true_type{}) {
+    throw;
+  }
   template <typename T, typename Method>  // for pseudomethods, must be consteval fn
-  static auto check_fn(bool) -> decltype(Method{}.template do_value<T>(), std::true_type{});
+  static auto check_fn(bool) -> decltype(Method{}.template do_value<T>(), std::true_type{}) {
+    throw;
+  }
   template <typename, typename>
-  static auto check_fn(...) -> std::false_type;
+  static auto check_fn(...) -> std::false_type {
+    throw;
+  }
 
  public:
   static constexpr inline bool value = (decltype(check_fn<std::decay_t<X>, Methods>(0))::value && ...);
@@ -316,9 +322,13 @@ struct copy_method {
 
 namespace noexport {
 
-auto get_any_copy_method(type_list<>) -> void;
+auto get_any_copy_method(type_list<>) -> void {
+  throw;
+}
 template <typename A, size_t N, typename... Tail>
-auto get_any_copy_method(type_list<copy_method<A, N>, Tail...>) -> copy_method<A, N>;
+auto get_any_copy_method(type_list<copy_method<A, N>, Tail...>) -> copy_method<A, N> {
+  throw;
+}
 template <typename Head, typename... Tail>
 auto get_any_copy_method(type_list<Head, Tail...>) {
   return get_any_copy_method(type_list<Tail...>{});
@@ -514,9 +524,13 @@ namespace noexport {
 // searches for ::type,
 // if no ::type, then Plugin itself used
 template <typename Plugin>
-auto select_plugin(int) -> typename Plugin::type;
+auto select_plugin(int) -> typename Plugin::type {
+  throw;
+}
 template <typename Plugin>
-auto select_plugin(...) -> Plugin;
+auto select_plugin(...) -> Plugin {
+  throw;
+}
 
 }  // namespace noexport
 
diff --git a/include/anyany/noexport/anyany_details.hpp b/include/anyany/noexport/anyany_details.hpp
index aaa64d7..dee7b30 100644
--- a/include/anyany/noexport/anyany_details.hpp
+++ b/include/anyany/noexport/anyany_details.hpp
@@ -187,7 +187,9 @@ template <typename... Ts>
 struct AA_MSVC_EBO inheritor_of : Ts... {};
 
 template <typename... Results>
-auto inherit_without_duplicates(type_list<>, type_list<Results...>) -> inheritor_of<Results...>;
+auto inherit_without_duplicates(type_list<>, type_list<Results...>) -> inheritor_of<Results...> {
+  throw;
+}
 
 template <typename Head, typename... Tail, typename... Results>
 auto inherit_without_duplicates(type_list<Head, Tail...>, type_list<Results...> l) {
@@ -212,12 +214,18 @@ struct type_identity {
 };
 
 template <typename Method>
-auto get_method_signature(int) -> type_identity<typename Method::signature_type>;
+auto get_method_signature(int) -> type_identity<typename Method::signature_type> {
+  throw;
+}
 template <typename Method>
 auto get_method_signature(bool)
-    -> type_identity<std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(&Method::template do_invoke<erased_self_t>)>>;
+    -> type_identity<std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(&Method::template do_invoke<erased_self_t>)>> {
+  throw;
+}
 template <typename Method>
-auto get_method_signature(...) -> type_identity<typename Method::value_type>;
+auto get_method_signature(...) -> type_identity<typename Method::value_type> {
+  throw;
+}
 
 template <typename Method>
 using signature_t = typename decltype(get_method_signature<Method>(0))::type;
@@ -327,7 +335,9 @@ constexpr bool contains_second_layer_list(aa::type_list<Ts...>) {
 }
 
 template <template <typename...> typename Template, typename... Types>
-auto insert_types(aa::type_list<Types...>) -> Template<Types...>;
+auto insert_types(aa::type_list<Types...>) -> Template<Types...> {
+  throw;
+}
 
 template <typename, typename T>
 using enable_if_impl = T;