There are a LARGE number of types of sequencing. Start with wikipedia
- DNA Sequencing - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequencing
- RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA-Seq
- NGS Sequencing (next-gen) in a 4-min YouTube animated video - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZeN-IgjYCo
- The main Illumina website includes useful information as well - https://www.illumina.com/science/technology/next-generation-sequencing/beginners.html
- Algorithms for DNA Sequencing (YouTube series) - by Ben Langmead - partial list shown below
- From this series, particularly useful is the summary of sequencing - 'Sequencing by Synthesis'