diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index 80b61edd3657a..4a44fac0382a1 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -22158,7 +22158,21 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
             if (source === target) return Ternary.True;
 
             if (relation === identityRelation) {
-                if (source.flags !== target.flags) return Ternary.False;
+                if (source.flags !== target.flags) {
+                    // Since normalization doesn't perform subtype reduction, unions and intersections might have duplicates, so
+                    // one of the types might be a union or intersection whose constituents are all identical to the other type.
+                    const eachSourceAndTarget: [UnionOrIntersectionType, Type] | undefined = source.flags & TypeFlags.Union ? [source as UnionOrIntersectionType, target]
+                        : target.flags & TypeFlags.Union ? [target as UnionOrIntersectionType, source]
+                        : source.flags & TypeFlags.Intersection ? [source as UnionOrIntersectionType, target]
+                        : target.flags & TypeFlags.Intersection ? [target as UnionOrIntersectionType, source]
+                        : undefined;
+                    if (eachSourceAndTarget) {
+                        traceUnionsOrIntersectionsTooLarge(...eachSourceAndTarget);
+                        return eachTypeRelatedToType(...eachSourceAndTarget, reportErrors, IntersectionState.None);
+                    }
+                    return Ternary.False;
+                }
+
                 if (source.flags & TypeFlags.Singleton) return Ternary.True;
                 traceUnionsOrIntersectionsTooLarge(source, target);
                 return recursiveTypeRelatedTo(source, target, /*reportErrors*/ false, IntersectionState.None, recursionFlags);
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.js b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a8fae38808eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts] ////
+
+//// [reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts]
+namespace reflexiveIdentityRelation {
+    type Equals<A, B> = (<T>() => T extends B ? 1 : 0) extends (<T>() => T extends A ? 1 : 0) ? true : false;
+
+    type Intersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+    type Union = Equals<{a: 1} | {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+    type UnionOfIntersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {b: 2} | {a: 1} & {b: 2}, {a: 1} & {b: 2}>;  // true
+
+    // The intersection distributes to `{a: 1} & {a: 1} | {a: 1} & {b: 2} | {b: 2} & {a: 1} | {b: 2} & {b: 2}`
+    // which is not identical to `{a: 1} | {b: 2}`
+    type IntersectionOfUnion = Equals<({a: 1} | {b: 2}) & ({a: 1} | {b: 2}), {a: 1} | {b: 2}>;  // false
+}
+
+
+//// [reflexiveIdentityRelation.js]
+"use strict";
+
+
+//// [reflexiveIdentityRelation.d.ts]
+declare namespace reflexiveIdentityRelation {
+}
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..414e66557af67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts] ////
+
+=== reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts ===
+namespace reflexiveIdentityRelation {
+>reflexiveIdentityRelation : Symbol(reflexiveIdentityRelation, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 0))
+
+    type Equals<A, B> = (<T>() => T extends B ? 1 : 0) extends (<T>() => T extends A ? 1 : 0) ? true : false;
+>Equals : Symbol(Equals, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 37))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 16))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 18))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 26))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 26))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 18))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 65))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 65))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 16))
+
+    type Intersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+>Intersection : Symbol(Intersection, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 1, 109))
+>Equals : Symbol(Equals, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 37))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 3, 32))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 3, 41))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 3, 49))
+
+    type Union = Equals<{a: 1} | {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+>Union : Symbol(Union, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 3, 56))
+>Equals : Symbol(Equals, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 37))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 4, 25))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 4, 34))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 4, 42))
+
+    type UnionOfIntersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {b: 2} | {a: 1} & {b: 2}, {a: 1} & {b: 2}>;  // true
+>UnionOfIntersection : Symbol(UnionOfIntersection, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 4, 49))
+>Equals : Symbol(Equals, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 37))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 39))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 48))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 57))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 66))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 74))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 83))
+
+    // The intersection distributes to `{a: 1} & {a: 1} | {a: 1} & {b: 2} | {b: 2} & {a: 1} | {b: 2} & {b: 2}`
+    // which is not identical to `{a: 1} | {b: 2}`
+    type IntersectionOfUnion = Equals<({a: 1} | {b: 2}) & ({a: 1} | {b: 2}), {a: 1} | {b: 2}>;  // false
+>IntersectionOfUnion : Symbol(IntersectionOfUnion, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 5, 90))
+>Equals : Symbol(Equals, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 0, 37))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 40))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 49))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 60))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 69))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 78))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts, 9, 87))
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.types b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..691a7d8d3dafc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/reflexiveIdentityRelation.types
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts] ////
+
+=== reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts ===
+namespace reflexiveIdentityRelation {
+    type Equals<A, B> = (<T>() => T extends B ? 1 : 0) extends (<T>() => T extends A ? 1 : 0) ? true : false;
+>Equals : Equals<A, B>
+>       : ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+>true : true
+>     : ^^^^
+>false : false
+>      : ^^^^^
+
+    type Intersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+>Intersection : true
+>             : ^^^^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+
+    type Union = Equals<{a: 1} | {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+>Union : true
+>      : ^^^^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+
+    type UnionOfIntersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {b: 2} | {a: 1} & {b: 2}, {a: 1} & {b: 2}>;  // true
+>UnionOfIntersection : true
+>                    : ^^^^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+
+    // The intersection distributes to `{a: 1} & {a: 1} | {a: 1} & {b: 2} | {b: 2} & {a: 1} | {b: 2} & {b: 2}`
+    // which is not identical to `{a: 1} | {b: 2}`
+    type IntersectionOfUnion = Equals<({a: 1} | {b: 2}) & ({a: 1} | {b: 2}), {a: 1} | {b: 2}>;  // false
+>IntersectionOfUnion : false
+>                    : ^^^^^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+>a : 1
+>  : ^
+>b : 2
+>  : ^
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts b/tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6ab165aaf196c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/reflexiveIdentityRelation.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// @strict: true
+// @declaration: true
+
+namespace reflexiveIdentityRelation {
+    type Equals<A, B> = (<T>() => T extends B ? 1 : 0) extends (<T>() => T extends A ? 1 : 0) ? true : false;
+
+    type Intersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+    type Union = Equals<{a: 1} | {a: 1}, {a: 1}>;  // true
+    type UnionOfIntersection = Equals<{a: 1} & {b: 2} | {a: 1} & {b: 2}, {a: 1} & {b: 2}>;  // true
+
+    // The intersection distributes to `{a: 1} & {a: 1} | {a: 1} & {b: 2} | {b: 2} & {a: 1} | {b: 2} & {b: 2}`
+    // which is not identical to `{a: 1} | {b: 2}`
+    type IntersectionOfUnion = Equals<({a: 1} | {b: 2}) & ({a: 1} | {b: 2}), {a: 1} | {b: 2}>;  // false
+}