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3813 lines (3813 loc) · 211 KB
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<standard_names name="Earth System Modeling Standard Name Library" version="1.0">
<section name="Base names" comment="Base names are the 'elemental' quantities from which the more complex standard names are constructed. Base names can roughly be broken down into three categories, indicated by the following subsections.">
<section name="Generic names" comment="The following names are too general to be chosen as standard names, but they can serve as base names for more specific standard names.">
<standard_name name="area">
<type units="m2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="area_fraction" description="The fraction of an area where some condition applies">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="binary_mask" description="A field consisting of either 0 or 1 at every point">
<type units="1">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="coefficient" description="A real number used in a mathematical equation, typically derived empirically and/or adjusted based on some other physical phenomenon to change the behavior of an equation, scheme, or other modeling unit">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="density" description="Mass per unit volume">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="energy">
<type units="J">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="energy_content" description="Total energy within some surface">
<type units="J m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="energy_density" description="Total energy within some volume">
<type units="J m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="frequency" description="Number of instances per unit time">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="heat">
<type units="J">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="heat_flux" description="The amount of heat traveling through an area per unit time">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="heat_transport" description="Movement of heat due to advection">
<type units="W">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass">
<type units="kg">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content" description="Vertically-integrated mass over a given area and vertical extent">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_flux" description="Mass traveling through an area per unit time">
<type units="kg m-2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_fraction" description="The fraction of a given mass where some condition applies">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_transport" description="Movement of some specified mass by advection">
<type units="kg s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mixing_ratio" description="A ratio of the amount of one substance to another; when unqualified refers to the ratio of the mass of one substance to the total mass in a given volume" comment="See Standard Name Rules for further details about disambiguation of this term">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mole_flux" description="The number of molecules or atoms of a substance traveling through an area per unit time">
<type units="mol m-2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mole_fraction" description="The ratio of the number of molecules or atoms of a substance to the total number of molecules/atoms in a given volume">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="momentum_flux" description="The transfer of momentum through an area per unit time">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="partial_pressure" description="The pressure of a component gas independent of other components">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="period" description="The amount of time between regular events">
<type units="s">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="power" description="Energy per unit time">
<type units="W">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="pressure" description="Force per unit area">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="probability" description="A real number between 0 and 1 indicating the likelihood of an event occurring">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="radiative_flux" description="The amount of radiative energy traveling through an area per unit time">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="radius" description="Distance from the center to the perimeter of a circle or sphere">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="speed" description="Directionless distance per unit time">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="streamfunction">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="stress" description="A deformation force across a unit area">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="thickness" description="The vertical distance between two constant-pressure surfaces">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="velocity" description="Distance per unit time">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="velocity_potential" description="A scalar function with its gradient equal to the velocity vector of an irrotational flow">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="volume">
<type units="m3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="volume_flux" description="The movement of a volume of a substance across a unit area per unit time">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="volume_fraction" description="The fraction of a volume where some condition applies">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="volume_mixing_ratio" description="A ratio of the number of molecules or atoms of a substance to another in a unit volume">
<type units="mol mol-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="volume_transport" description="Movement of some volume of a specified substance by advection">
<type units="m3 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vorticity" description="The curl of a velocity vector">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Chemical species" comment="These are the base names for specific chemical species. They can all be assumed to have units of '1'">
<standard_name name="c5h8" description="Isoprene">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ccl4" description="Tetrachloromethane">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cfc11" description="Trichlorofluoromethane">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cfc113" description="1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cfc12" description="Dichlorodifluoromethane">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cfc22" description="Chlorodifluoromethane">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="co" description="Carbon monoxide">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="co2" description="Carbon dioxide">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dimethyl_sulfide" description="Dimethyl sulfide; DMS">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hcho" description="Formaldehyde">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hydrophilic_black_carbon">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hydrophilic_organic_carbon">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hydrophobic_black_carbon">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hydrophobic_organic_carbon">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="methane" description="ch4">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="n2o" description="Nitrous Oxide; N_2O">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="nitrate" description="Chemical species containing the nitrate ion">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="nitrite" description="Chemical species containing the nitrite ion">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="no" description="Nitric oxide; NO (Nitrogen oxide, Nitrogen monoxide)">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="no2" description="Nitrogen dioxide">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="oxygen" description="Molecular oxygen; O_2">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ozone" description="Ozone; O_3">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="phosphate" description="Chemical species containing the phosphate ion">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="silicate" description="Chemical species containing the silicate ion">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sulfate" description="Chemical species containing the sulfate ion">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sulfur_dioxide" description="so2">
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Base standard Names" comment="These names are used as bases for other names, but may also be considered standard names on their own. See the full list of standard names for further details.">
<standard_name name="absolute_vorticity" description="Vorticity of fluid relative to an inertial frame; the sum of relative and planetary vorticities">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure" description="The pressure of air">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_thickness" description="The difference in air pressure between two vertical layers">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature" description="The temperature of air">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="albedo" description="The fraction of incident radiation reflected by a surface">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="atmosphere_heat_diffusivity">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cloud_area_fraction" description="Fraction of an area (usually within a grid cell) containing cloud">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cloud_condensate" description="Amount of condensed water in cloud">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cloud_ice_water" description="Cloud particles consisting of solid water (ice)">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cloud_liquid_water" description="Cloud particles consisting of liquid water">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diffuse_nir_albedo" description="Albedo of diffuse incident near-infrared radiation">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diffuse_nir_shortwave_flux" description="Flux of diffuse near-infrared and shortwave radiation">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diffuse_shortwave_albedo" description="Albedo of diffuse incident shortwave radiation">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diffuse_uv_and_vis_shortwave_flux" description="Flux of diffuse ultraviolet and visible shortwave radiation">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diffuse_vis_albedo" description="Albedo of diffuse incident visible radiation">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dimensionless_exner_function" description="Dimensionless formulation of the Exner function with respect to 1000 hPa" comment="The formulation of the exner function in an NWP context is (p/p0)^(Rd/cp), where p0 is some reference pressure. For the purposes of the standard names, this reference pressure is assumed as 1000 hPa unless specified otherwise; i.e. dimensionless_exner_function_wrt_air_pressure_at_surface would use the pressure at the surface as P0. Note that this is numerically equivalent to T/theta (temperature divided by potential temperature), where again theta is calculated with respect to 1000 hPa if not specified. Note that this definition is distinct from the dimensional exner_function standard name; see that entry for further comments. ">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="direct_nir_albedo" description="Albedo of direct incident near-infrared radiation">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="direct_nir_shortwave_flux" description="Flux of direct near-infrared shortwave radiation">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="direct_uv_and_vis_shortwave_flux" description="Flux of direct ultraviolet and visible shortwave radiation">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="direct_vis_albedo" description="Albedo of direct incident visible light">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="divergence">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dry_air" description="Air excluding all water components">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dry_air_enthalpy_at_constant_pressure" description="Specific enthalpy of dry air, h = Cp*T; Cp = Specific heat of dry air at constant pressure, T = temperature">
<type units="J kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="exner_function" description="Exner function, cp * (p/p0)^(Rd/cp), where p0 is some reference pressure (1000 hPa if not specified), Rd is the dry air specific gas constant, and cp is the dry air specific heat capacity." comment="The formulation for the exner function comes in two forms: a dimensional form cp * (p/p0)^(Rd/cp) = cp * (T/theta), and a dimensionless form (p/p0)^(Rd/cp) = (T/theta). In the standard names, we use the unqualified exner_function to refer to the dimensional form, and dimensionless_exner_function to refer to the dimensionless form. See the base name entry for dimensionless_exner_function for further comments.">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="filename">
<type units="none">character</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_time">
<type units="h">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="friction_velocity" description="A measure of shear stress within a fluid layer with units of distance per time">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential" description="Gravitational potential energy of a unit mass relative to sea level">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height" description="Geopotential divided by the gravitational constant">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="graupel" description="Precipitation consisting of heavily rimed ice crystals">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="gravitational_acceleration">
<type units="m s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hail" description="Precipitation formed by accretion of supercooled water droplets into a solid piece of ice">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="hygroscopic_aerosols" description="Aerosols with the property of accumulating liquid water">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ice">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="latent_heat_flux" description="Latent heat flux across a unit surface">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="liquid_water">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="longwave_flux" description="Flux of longwave radiation across a unit surface">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="momentum_flux" description="Flux of momentum across a unit surface">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="nonhygroscopic_ice_nucleating_aerosols" description="Ice-nucleating aerosols with the property of not accumulating liquid water">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="pressure">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="rain" description="Precipitation of liquid water from clouds">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="random_number">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="random_number_seed">
<type units="1">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reference_pressure" description="Some pressure value for comparison to or calculation of other values">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="relative_humidity" description="Ratio of the vapor pressure to the saturation vapor pressure (for liquid water unless otherwise specified)">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="roughness_length" description="Also called surface roughness length; the height above a surface where the wind speed would be zero according to an idealized logarithmic wind profile">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sensible_heat_flux" description="Flux of sensible heat across a unit surface">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="shortwave_flux" description="Flux of shortwave radiation across a unit surface">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="snow" description="Precipitation of ice crystals from clouds">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="snow_area_fraction" description="Fraction of an area (usually within a grid cell) covered by snow">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="soil_moisture" description="Water contained within a soil layer">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="soil_temperature" description="Temperature of a soil layer">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="solar_declination_angle" description="The angle between the equator and Earth's orbital plane with the Sun">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="solar_zenith_angle" description="The angle between the direction to the sun and the local zenith (vertical direction)">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="surface_skin_temperature" description="The temperature of the topmost layer of the surface">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="temperature_flux" description="Flux of temperature across a unit surface">
<type units="K m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="time">
<type units="s">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="tke" description="Specific turbulent kinetic energy">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="total_energy">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="total_water" description="All water phases (solid, liquid, gas)">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="tracer" description="A hypothetical zero-mass particle that is advected in fluid flow">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="tracers">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="virtual_potential_temperature" description="The theoretical potential temperature of dry air that would have the same density as moist air">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="virtual_temperature" description="The theoretical temperature of dry air that would have the same density as moist air">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="water_vapor" description="Water in the gaseous phase">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="wind" description="Movement of air with a net displacement">
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="wind_speed" description="Speed of moving air">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="wind_stress" description="Shear stress exerted by wind parallel to the surface">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
</section>
<section name="Dimensions" comment="Names indicating the size, extent, or bounds of data structures in a model.">
<standard_name name="horizontal_dimension" description="Length of the horizontal dimension" comment="In CCPP, horizontal_dimension refers to all horizontal grid columns that an MPI process owns/is responsible for">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="horizontal_loop_extent" description="The horizontal extent of data passed to CCPP physics from the host model during time integration (i.e. in the *run* phase)">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="lower_bound_of_vertical_dimension_of_surface_snow" description="lower bound of of snow-related arrays for land surface model">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_equatorial_longitude_points">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_latitude_points">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_snow_layers">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="upper_bound_of_vertical_dimension_of_surface_snow" description="upper bound of of snow-related arrays for land surface model">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_dimension_for_radiation">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_dimension_of_sea_ice">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_dimension_of_soil">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_dimension_of_soil_internal_to_land_surface_scheme">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_dimension_of_surface_snow">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_interface_dimension" description="number of vertical interfaces">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_interface_dimension_for_radiation">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_interface_dimension_interstitial">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_layer_dimension" description="number of vertical layers">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_layer_dimension_extended_up_by_1" description="number of vertical layers extended up by 1">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertical_layer_dimension_minus_one">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Constants" comment="Constant parameters that should be identical across a full modeling system">
<standard_name name="avogadro_number">
<type units="molecules mol-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="base_state_surface_pressure_for_hybrid_vertical_coordinate">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="boltzmann_constant">
<type units="J K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="density_of_dry_air_at_stp" description="Density of dry air at standard temperature and pressure">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="density_of_fresh_liquid_water_at_0c" description="Density of liquid water at 0 degrees Celsius">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="density_of_fresh_water">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="gas_constant_of_dry_air">
<type units="J kg-1 K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="latent_heat_of_vaporization_of_water_at_0c" description="Latent heat of vaporization of water at 0 degrees Celsius">
<type units="J kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ratio_of_water_vapor_to_dry_air_gas_constants_minus_one" description="Ratio of gas constants of water vapor and dry air minus one; (Rwv / Rdair) - 1.0">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="seconds_in_calendar_day">
<type units="s">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="specific_heat_of_liquid_water_at_20c" description="Specific heat of liquid water at 20 degrees Celsius">
<type units="J kg-1 K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="standard_gravitational_acceleration" description="scalar constant representing gravitational acceleration">
<type units="m s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Coordinates" comment="Parameters defining or relating to the coordinate system of the model">
<standard_name name="cell_area">
<type units="m2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cell_scaling_factor">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="characteristic_grid_lengthscale">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cosine_of_latitude">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="height_above_mean_sea_level">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="height_above_mean_sea_level_at_surface" description="Height above mean sea level at local surface">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="latitude">
<type units="degree_north">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="longitude">
<type units="degree_east">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sigma_pressure_hybrid_coordinate_a_coefficient">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sigma_pressure_hybrid_coordinate_b_coefficient">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sigma_pressure_hybrid_vertical_coordinate">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sine_of_latitude">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Timing" comment="Variables defining or relating to timing, dates, calendar, and related concepts">
<standard_name name="date_and_time_at_model_initialization_in_iso_order" description="Integer array of date and time at model initialization in ISO order (year, month, day, hour, minute, second)">
<type units="1">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="date_and_time_at_model_initialization_in_united_states_order" description="Integer array of date and time at model initialization in united states order (month, day, year, hour, minute, second)">
<type units="1">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="date_and_time_of_forecast_in_united_states_order" description="Integer array of forecast valid date and time in united states order (month, day, year, hour, minute, second)">
<type units="1">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="equation_of_time" description="Apparent solar time minus mean solar time">
<type units="radian">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_julian_day">
<type units="days">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_time">
<type units="h">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_time_in_seconds">
<type units="s">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_time_on_previous_timestep">
<type units="h">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="forecast_utc_hour">
<type units="h">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="index_of_timestep">
<type units="index">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="is_first_timestep">
<type units="flag">logical</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_days_in_current_year">
<type units="days">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="time_elapsed_since_diagnostics_reset">
<type units="h">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="timestep_for_dynamics">
<type units="s">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Atmospheric properties">
<standard_name name="air_pressure" description="Midpoint air pressure">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_interfaces">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_lowest_model_interface">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_sea_level">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_surface" description="Air pressure at local surface">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_at_top_of_atmosphere_model">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_extended_up_by_1">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_of_dry_air" description="Dry midpoint pressure">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_of_dry_air_at_interfaces">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_thickness">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_pressure_thickness_of_dry_air">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_at_2m">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_at_surface_adjacent_layer_on_radiation_timestep">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_of_new_state">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_of_new_state_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_on_previous_timestep">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_on_previous_timestep_in_xyz_dimensioned_restart_array">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="air_temperature_two_timesteps_back">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="atmosphere_heat_diffusivity_due_to_background">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="atmosphere_heat_diffusivity_for_chemistry_coupling">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="atmosphere_momentum_diffusivity_due_to_background">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="composition_dependent_gas_constant_of_dry_air">
<type units="J kg-1 K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="composition_dependent_ratio_of_dry_air_gas_constant_to_specific_heat_of_dry_air_at_constant_pressure" description="composition-dependent ratio of dry air gas constant to specific heat of dry air at constant pressure">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="composition_dependent_specific_heat_of_dry_air_at_constant_pressure" description="composition-dependent specific heat of dry air at constant pressure">
<type units="J kg-1 K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="covariance_of_air_temperature_and_water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air" description="Covariance of air temperature and specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air)">
<type units="K kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cumulative_boundary_flux_of_total_energy">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="cumulative_boundary_flux_of_total_water">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="density_of_dry_air" description="Density of dry air">
<type units="kg m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dimensionless_exner_function_at_interfaces" description="Dimensionless exner function (p/p0)^(Rd/cp), where p0 is 1000 hPa and p is the pressure at vertical layer interfaces">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dimensionless_exner_function_at_surface_adjacent_layer" description="Dimensionless exner function (p/p0)^(Rd/cp), where p0 is 1000 hPa and p is the pressure at the surface-adjacent layer">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dimensionless_exner_function_wrt_surface_pressure" description="Dimensionless exner function with respect to surface pressure, (p/ps)^(Rd/cp)">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="dry_static_energy" description="Dry static energy content of atmosphere layer">
<type units="J kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="eastward_wind" description="Wind vector component, positive when directed eastward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="eastward_wind_at_10m" description="Wind vector component at 10 meters above surface, positive when directed eastward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="eastward_wind_at_surface" description="Wind vector component closest to surface, positive when directed eastward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_at_interfaces">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_at_surface">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height" description="geopotential height with respect to sea level">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height_at_interfaces">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height_at_surface" description="Geopotential height at local surface with respect to sea level">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height_wrt_surface" description="geopotential height with respect to local surface">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="geopotential_height_wrt_surface_at_interfaces" description="geopotential height with respect to local surface at interfaces">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="gravitational_acceleration">
<type units="m s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="horizontal_divergence_of_air" description="The horizontal divergence of the 2-D vector wind field">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="horizontal_streamfunction_of_air" description="Scalar function describing the streamlines of the horizontal wind">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="horizontal_velocity_potential_of_air" description="Scalar potential of the horizontal wind">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="is_initialized_physics_grid" description="Flag to indicate if physics grid is initialized">
<type units="flag">logical</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="largest_model_top_pressure_that_allows_molecular_diffusion">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ln_air_pressure">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ln_air_pressure_at_interfaces">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ln_air_pressure_of_dry_air">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ln_air_pressure_of_dry_air_at_interfaces">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_cloud_ice_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_graupel_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_hail_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_rain_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mass_content_of_snow_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="max_atmosphere_heat_diffusivity_due_to_background" description="Maximum atmosphere heat diffusivity due to background">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="multiplicative_tuning_parameter_for_atmosphere_diffusivity">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="nonadvected_tke_multiplied_by_2" description="Non-advected turbulent kinetic energy multiplied by 2">
<type units="m2 s-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="nonconvective_cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer" description="cloud area fraction in atmosphere layer excluding clouds produced by the convective schemes">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="northward_wind" description="Wind vector component, positive when directed northward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="northward_wind_at_10m" description="Wind vector component at 10 meters above surface, positive when directed northward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="northward_wind_at_surface" description="Wind vector component closest to surface, positive when directed northward">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="physics_state_due_to_dynamics">
<type units="none">ddt</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="potential_temperature_of_air" description="air potential temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="potential_temperature_of_air_at_2m">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="potential_temperature_of_air_on_previous_timestep" description="air potential temperature on previous timestep">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="potentially_advected_quantities">
<type units="various">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ratio_of_water_vapor_gas_constant_to_composition_dependent_dry_air_gas_constant_minus_one" description="Ratio of gas constants of water vapor to composition-dependent dry air minus one; (Rwv / Rdair) - 1.0">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reciprocal_of_air_pressure_thickness">
<type units="Pa-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reciprocal_of_air_pressure_thickness_of_dry_air">
<type units="Pa-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reciprocal_of_dimensionless_exner_function_wrt_air_pressure_at_surface" description="inverse dimensionless exner function with respect to surface pressure; (ps/p)^(R/cp)">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reference_air_pressure_normalized_by_air_pressure_at_surface" description="reference pressure normalized by surface pressure">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reference_pressure_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reference_pressure_in_atmosphere_layer_normalized_by_surface_reference_pressure" description="Reference pressure in atmosphere layer normalized by surface reference pressure">
<type units="1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="relative_humidity">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="relative_humidity_at_2m">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="specific_heat_of_dry_air_at_constant_pressure">
<type units="J kg-1 K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="subgrid_scale_cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="subgrid_scale_cloud_ice_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air" description="Subgrid-scale cloud ice mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="subgrid_scale_cloud_liquid_water_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air" description="Subgrid-scale cloud liquid water mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="surface_pressure_of_dry_air">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="surface_reference_pressure" description="Reference pressure used in definition of some other quantity (e.g. potential temperature, Exner function, etc.)">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="timestep_for_physics">
<type units="s">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="upward_absolute_vorticity_of_air" description="The upward (kth) component of the curl of the vector wind field">
<type units="s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="upward_heat_flux_in_air_at_surface">
<type units="W m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="us_standard_air_pressure_at_sea_level" description="US Standard Atmospheric pressure at sea level">
<type units="Pa">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="variance_of_air_temperature">
<type units="K2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="variance_of_water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air" description="Variance of specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air)">
<type units="kg2 kg-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertically_integrated_total_energy_of_current_state">
<type units="J m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertically_integrated_total_energy_of_initial_state">
<type units="J m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertically_integrated_total_water_of_current_state">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="vertically_integrated_total_water_of_initial_state">
<type units="kg m-2">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air_at_surface_adjacent_layer" description="Specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air) at surface-adjacent layer">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air_on_previous_timestep" description="Specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air) on previous timestep">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air_on_previous_timestep_in_xyz_dimensioned_restart_array" description="Specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air) on previous timestep in XYZ-dimensioned restart array">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="water_vapor_mixing_ratio_wrt_moist_air_two_timesteps_back" description="Specific humidity (water vapor mass mixing ratio with respect to moist air) two timesteps back">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="wind_from_direction_at_surface" description="Direction, from north, of wind speed closest to surface">
<type units="degrees">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="wind_speed_at_surface" description="Scalar wind speed closest to surface">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="x_wind" description="Horizontal wind in a direction perpendicular to y_wind">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="x_wind_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="x_wind_of_new_state">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="x_wind_of_new_state_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="y_wind" description="Horizontal wind in a direction perpendicular to x_wind">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="y_wind_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="y_wind_of_new_state">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="y_wind_of_new_state_at_surface_adjacent_layer">
<type units="m s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Marine">
<standard_name name="derivative_of_diurnal_thermocline_layer_thickness_wrt_surface_skin_temperature">
<type units="m K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="derivative_of_heat_content_in_diurnal_thermocline_wrt_surface_skin_temperature">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="diurnal_thermocline_layer_thickness">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="free_convection_layer_thickness_in_sea_water">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="heat_content_in_diurnal_thermocline">
<type units="K m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="ocean_mixed_layer_thickness">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="reference_sea_surface_temperature" description="Foundation/reference temperature for calculating diurnal ocean temperature changes">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_surface_temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_absolute_salinity" description="The absolute salinity of sea water">
<type units="g kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_depth" description="The depth of the ocean floor below the surface of the sea">
<type units="m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_potential_temperature" description="sea water potential temperature">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_practical_salinity" description="The practical salinity of sea water">
<type units="PSU">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_salinity_in_diurnal_thermocline">
<type units="ppt m">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="sea_water_temperature" description="The temperature of sea water">
<type units="K">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="x_current_in_diurnal_thermocline">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="y_current_in_diurnal_thermocline">
<type units="m2 s-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Tracers" comment="Tracers are numerically zero-mass particles advected in fluid flow, typically representing some trace gas, particle, or other physical substance">
<standard_name name="chemical_tracer_scavenging_fractions">
<type units="fraction">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_aerosol_tracers">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_chemical_tracers">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_tracers">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_of_tracers_plus_one">
<type units="count">integer</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="tracer_concentration">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="tracer_concentration_of_new_state">
<type units="kg kg-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
</section>
<section name="Atmospheric composition">
<section name="Gasses">
<standard_name name="derivative_of_ln_water_vapor_partial_pressure_assuming_saturation_wrt_air_temperature" description="derivative of the natural logarithm of water vapor partial pressure at saturation with respect to air temperature">
<type units="K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="derivative_of_ln_water_vapor_partial_pressure_assuming_saturation_wrt_air_temperature_at_top_interfaces" description="derivative of the natural logarithm of water vapor partial pressure at saturation with respect to air temperature at all interfaces excluding surface">
<type units="K-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mole_fraction_of_co2_in_air">
<type units="mol mol-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mole_fraction_of_ozone_in_air">
<type units="mol mol-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="mole_fraction_of_water_vapor">
<type units="mol mol-1">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_anomalous_oxygen" description="Number density of energetic, non-thermal atomic oxygen as defined in MSIS">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_anomalous_oxygen_from_climatology" description="Climatological number density of anomalous energetic oxygen, e.g., from MSIS">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_ar" description="Number density of argon (Ar) in air">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_ar_from_climatology" description="Climatological number density of argon (Ar), e.g., from MSIS">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_h" description="Number density of neutral atomic hydrogen (H) in air">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>
<standard_name name="number_density_of_h_from_climatology" description="Climatological number density of atomic hydrogen (H), e.g., from MSIS">
<type units="m-3">real</type>
</standard_name>