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+# Testing Guide for pietcc
+
+This document describes the testing infrastructure for the pietcc compiler and interpreter.
+
+## Test Structure
+
+The project uses a multi-layered testing approach:
+
+### 1. Unit Tests
+Unit tests are located alongside the code they test in each crate:
+- `parser/src/` - Parser unit tests
+- `interpreter/src/` - Interpreter unit tests
+- `compiler/cfg_to_ir/src/` - Compiler unit tests
+- `compiler/optimizer/src/` - Optimizer unit tests
+- `piet_core/src/` - Core library unit tests
+
+Run unit tests:
+```bash
+cargo test --lib --bins
+```
+
+### 2. Integration Tests
+Integration tests are located in `tests/integration/`:
+- `interpreter_tests.rs` - End-to-end interpreter tests
+- `compiler_tests.rs` - End-to-end compiler tests
+
+These tests compile/interpret actual Piet programs from the `images/` directory and verify their output.
+
+Run integration tests:
+```bash
+cargo test --test '*'
+```
+
+### 3. Test Fixtures
+Test programs are stored in:
+- `images/` - Piet program images
+- `tests/fixtures/expected_outputs/` - Expected output files
+
+## Running Tests
+
+### Quick Start
+Run all tests:
+```bash
+./scripts/run_tests.sh
+```
+
+### Selective Testing
+```bash
+# Run only unit tests
+./scripts/run_tests.sh --unit-only
+
+# Run only integration tests
+./scripts/run_tests.sh --integration-only
+
+# Run with verbose output
+./scripts/run_tests.sh --verbose
+
+# Skip release build (faster for development)
+./scripts/run_tests.sh --no-release
+```
+
+### Manual Testing
+```bash
+# All tests
+cargo test
+
+# Specific test
+cargo test test_hello_world_interpreter
+
+# With output
+cargo test -- --nocapture
+
+# Specific module
+cargo test --test interpreter_tests
+```
+
+## Continuous Integration
+
+GitHub Actions automatically runs tests on:
+- Every push to `main` and `tests` branches
+- Every pull request to `main`
+
+The CI pipeline includes:
+- Unit tests
+- Integration tests
+- Linting (rustfmt + clippy)
+- Build verification
+- Code coverage
+
+See `.github/workflows/ci.yml` for details.
+
+## Adding New Tests
+
+### Adding a Unit Test
+1. Add test function in the relevant module:
+```rust
+#[test]
+fn test_my_function() {
+    // Test code here
+}
+```
+
+### Adding an Integration Test
+1. Add Piet program image to `images/`
+2. Add expected output to `tests/fixtures/expected_outputs/` (optional)
+3. Add test function to `tests/integration/interpreter_tests.rs` or `tests/integration/compiler_tests.rs`:
+
+```rust
+#[test]
+fn test_my_program() {
+    let result = run_interpreter("images/my_program.png", "");
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+    let output = result.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(output, "expected output");
+}
+```
+
+## Test Program Collection
+
+The `images/` directory contains a variety of test programs:
+
+- `hw.png` - Hello World
+- `hi.png` - Simple greeting
+- `power2.png` - Powers of 2
+- `piet_factorial.png` - Factorial calculation
+- `adder.png` - Addition
+- `euclid_clint.png` - GCD algorithm
+- `piet_pi.png` - Pi calculation
+- `fizzbuzz.png` - FizzBuzz
+- `99bottles.png` - 99 Bottles of Beer
+- `erat2.png` - Sieve of Eratosthenes
+- `pietquest.png` - Large adventure game
+
+## Test Coverage
+
+To generate coverage report:
+```bash
+cargo install cargo-tarpaulin
+cargo tarpaulin --all-features --workspace --timeout 300
+```
+
+## Debugging Failed Tests
+
+### Interpreter Tests
+```bash
+# Run interpreter manually
+./target/release/pietcc --interpret images/hw.png
+
+# With debug output
+RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ./target/release/pietcc --interpret images/hw.png
+```
+
+### Compiler Tests
+```bash
+# Compile program manually
+./target/release/pietcc --compile images/hw.png -o test_output
+
+# Run compiled program
+./test_output
+
+# View LLVM IR
+./target/release/pietcc --compile images/hw.png -o test_output.ll
+cat test_output.ll
+```
+
+## Common Issues
+
+### LLVM Not Found
+Make sure LLVM 18 is installed:
+```bash
+# Ubuntu
+sudo apt-get install llvm-18-dev libpolly-18-dev
+
+# macOS
+brew install llvm@18
+export LLVM_SYS_180_PREFIX=$(brew --prefix llvm@18)
+```
+
+### Test Timeouts
+Some complex programs may take longer to compile/run. Increase timeout:
+```bash
+cargo test -- --test-threads=1 --nocapture
+```
+
+### Path Issues
+
+Tests expect to run from the project root directory. Make sure you're in `/path/to/pietcc/` when running tests.
+
+## Contributing
+
+When contributing code:
+1. Write unit tests for new functions
+2. Add integration tests for new features
+3. Ensure all tests pass: `./scripts/run_tests.sh`
+4. Run linter: `cargo clippy`
+5. Format code: `cargo fmt`
+
+The CI will automatically verify all of these on pull requests.