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Merge pull request #464 from realpython/hangman-pysimplegui
Sample code for hangman with PySimpleGUI
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‎hangman-pysimplegui/README.md

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# Build a Hangman Game With Python and PySimpleGUI
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This folder provides the code examples for the Real Python tutorial [Build a Hangman Game With Python and PySimpleGUI](https://realpython.com/python-hangman-pysimplegui/).

‎hangman-pysimplegui/source_code_final/hangman.py

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from random import choice
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from string import ascii_uppercase
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import PySimpleGUI as sg
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MAX_WRONG_GUESSES = 6
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class Hangman:
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def __init__(self):
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layout = [
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[
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self._build_canvas_frame(),
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self._build_letters_frame(),
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],
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[
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self._build_guessed_word_frame(),
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],
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[
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self._build_action_buttons_frame(),
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],
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]
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self._window = sg.Window(title="Hangman", layout=layout, finalize=True)
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self._canvas = self._window["-CANVAS-"]
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self._new_game()
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self.quit = False
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self._played_games = 0
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self._won_games = 0
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def _build_canvas_frame(self):
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return sg.Frame(
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"Hangman",
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[
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[
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sg.Graph(
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key="-CANVAS-",
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canvas_size=(200, 400),
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graph_bottom_left=(0, 0),
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graph_top_right=(200, 400),
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)
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]
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],
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font="Any 20",
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)
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def _build_letters_frame(self):
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letter_groups = [
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ascii_uppercase[i : i + 4]
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for i in range(0, len(ascii_uppercase), 4)
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]
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letter_buttons = [
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[
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sg.Button(
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button_text=f" {letter} ",
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font="Courier 20",
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border_width=0,
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button_color=(None, sg.theme_background_color()),
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key=f"-letter-{letter}-",
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enable_events=True,
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)
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for letter in letter_group
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]
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for letter_group in letter_groups
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]
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return sg.Column(
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[
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[
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sg.Frame(
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"Letters",
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letter_buttons,
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font="Any 20",
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),
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sg.Sizer(),
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]
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]
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)
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def _build_guessed_word_frame(self):
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return sg.Frame(
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"",
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[
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[
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sg.Text(
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key="-DISPLAY-WORD-",
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font="Courier 20",
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)
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]
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],
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element_justification="center",
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)
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def _build_action_buttons_frame(self):
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return sg.Frame(
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"",
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[
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[
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sg.Sizer(h_pixels=90),
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sg.Button(
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button_text="New",
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key="-NEW-",
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font="Any 20",
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),
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sg.Sizer(h_pixels=60),
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sg.Button(
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button_text="Restart",
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key="-RESTART-",
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font="Any 20",
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),
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sg.Sizer(h_pixels=60),
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sg.Button(
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button_text="Quit",
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key="-QUIT-",
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font="Any 20",
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),
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sg.Sizer(h_pixels=90),
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]
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],
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font="Any 20",
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)
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def _draw_scaffold(self):
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lines = [
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((40, 55), (180, 55), 10),
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((165, 60), (165, 365), 10),
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((160, 360), (100, 360), 10),
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((100, 365), (100, 330), 10),
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((100, 330), (100, 310), 1),
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]
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for *points, width in lines:
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self._canvas.DrawLine(*points, color="black", width=width)
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def _draw_hanged_man(self):
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head = (100, 290)
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torso = [((100, 270), (100, 170))]
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left_arm = [
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((100, 250), (80, 250)),
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((80, 250), (60, 210)),
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((60, 210), (60, 190)),
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]
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right_arm = [
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((100, 250), (120, 250)),
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((120, 250), (140, 210)),
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((140, 210), (140, 190)),
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]
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left_leg = [
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((100, 170), (80, 170)),
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((80, 170), (70, 140)),
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((70, 140), (70, 80)),
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((70, 80), (60, 80)),
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]
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right_leg = [
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((100, 170), (120, 170)),
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((120, 170), (130, 140)),
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((130, 140), (130, 80)),
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((130, 80), (140, 80)),
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]
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body = [
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torso,
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left_arm,
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right_arm,
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left_leg,
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right_leg,
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]
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if self._wrong_guesses == 1:
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self._canvas.DrawCircle(head, 20, line_color="red", line_width=2)
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elif self._wrong_guesses > 1:
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for part in body[self._wrong_guesses - 2]:
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self._canvas.DrawLine(*part, color="red", width=2)
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def _select_word(self):
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with open("words.txt", mode="r", encoding="utf-8") as words:
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word_list = words.readlines()
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return choice(word_list).strip().upper()
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def _build_guessed_word(self):
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current_letters = []
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for letter in self._target_word:
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if letter in self._guessed_letters:
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current_letters.append(letter)
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else:
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current_letters.append("_")
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return " ".join(current_letters)
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def _new_game(self):
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self._target_word = self._select_word()
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self._restart_game()
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def _restart_game(self):
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self._guessed_letters = set()
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self._wrong_guesses = 0
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self._guessed_word = self._build_guessed_word()
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# Restart GUI
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self._canvas.erase()
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self._draw_scaffold()
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for letter in ascii_uppercase:
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self._window[f"-letter-{letter}-"].update(disabled=False)
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self._window["-DISPLAY-WORD-"].update(self._guessed_word)
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def _play(self, letter):
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if letter not in self._target_word:
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self._wrong_guesses += 1
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self._guessed_letters.add(letter)
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self._guessed_word = self._build_guessed_word()
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# Update GUI
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self._window[f"-letter-{letter}-"].update(disabled=True)
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self._window["-DISPLAY-WORD-"].update(self._guessed_word)
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self._draw_hanged_man()
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def read_event(self):
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event = self._window.read()
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event_id = event[0] if event is not None else None
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return event_id
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def process_event(self, event):
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if event[:8] == "-letter-":
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self._play(letter=event[8])
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elif event == "-RESTART-":
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self._restart_game()
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elif event == "-NEW-":
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self._new_game()
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def is_over(self):
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return any(
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[
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self._wrong_guesses == MAX_WRONG_GUESSES,
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set(self._target_word) <= self._guessed_letters,
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]
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)
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def check_winner(self):
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self._played_games += 1
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if self._wrong_guesses < MAX_WRONG_GUESSES:
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self._won_games += 1
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answer = sg.PopupYesNo(
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"You've won! Congratulations!\n"
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f"That's {self._won_games} out of {self._played_games}!\n"
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"Another round?",
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title="Winner!",
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)
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else:
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answer = sg.PopupYesNo(
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f"You've lost! The word was '{self._target_word}'.\n"
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f"That's {self._won_games} out of {self._played_games}!\n"
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"Another round?",
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title="Sorry!",
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)
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self.quit = answer == "No"
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if not self.quit:
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self._new_game()
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def close(self):
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self._window.close()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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game = Hangman()
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# Rounds
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while not game.quit:
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# Event loop
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while not game.is_over():
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event_id = game.read_event()
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if event_id in {sg.WIN_CLOSED, "-QUIT-"}:
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game.quit = True
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break
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game.process_event(event_id)
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if not game.quit:
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game.check_winner()
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game.close()

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