Merge pull request #489 from realpython/python-format-mini-language

Sample code for the article on the format mini-language

Author: KateFinegan

python-format-mini-language/README.md

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+# Python's Format Mini-Language for Tidy Strings
+
+This folder provides the code examples for the Real Python tutorial [Python's Format Mini-Language for Tidy Strings](https://realpython.com/python-format-mini-language/).

python-format-mini-language/alignment.py

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+text = "Hello!"
+
+# width=30
+print(f"{text:30}")
+# align="<" and width=30
+print(f"{text:<30}")
+# align="^" and width=30
+print(f"{text:^30}")
+# align=">" and width=30
+print(f"{text:>30}")
+# fill="=", align="^" and width=30
+print(f"{text:=^30}")

python-format-mini-language/currency.py

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+inventory = [
+    {"product": "Apple", "price": 5.70},
+    {"product": "Orange", "price": 4.50},
+    {"product": "Banana", "price": 6.00},
+    {"product": "Mango", "price": 8.60},
+    {"product": "Pepper", "price": 4.20},
+    {"product": "Carrot", "price": 3.57},
+]
+for item in inventory:
+    product = item["product"]
+    price = item["price"]
+    print(f"{product:.<30}${price:.2f}")

python-format-mini-language/date.py

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+from datetime import datetime
+
+now = datetime.now()
+
+print(f"Today is {now:%a %b %d, %Y} and it's {now:%H:%M} hours")

python-format-mini-language/dynamic_fields.py

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+total = 123456.99
+
+# Formatting values
+width = 30
+align = ">"
+fill = "."
+precision = 2
+sep = ","
+
+print(f"Total{total:{fill}{align}{width}{sep}.{precision}f}")

python-format-mini-language/grouping.py

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+number = 1234567890
+
+print(f"{number:,}")
+print(f"{number:_}")
+print(f"{number:,.2f}")
+print(f"{number:_.2f}")

python-format-mini-language/negative_zero.py

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+neg_zero = -0.0
+
+print(f"{neg_zero:z.4f}")

python-format-mini-language/percentages.py

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+wins = 25
+games = 35
+
+print(f"Team's winning percentage: {wins/games:.2%}")

python-format-mini-language/person.py

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+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name, age):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"I'm {self.name}, and I'm {self.age} years old."
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}(name='{self.name}', age={self.age})"
+
+
+jane = Person("Jane Doe", 25)
+print("Hi! {!s}".format(jane))
+print("An instance: {!r}".format(jane))

python-format-mini-language/precision.py

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+from math import pi
+
+print(f"{pi:.4f}")
+print(f"{pi:.8f}")

python-format-mini-language/representation.py

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+number = 42
+print(f"int: {number:d},  hex: {number:x},  oct: {number:o},  bin: {number:b}")
+
+large = 1234567890
+print(f"{large:e}")
+print(f"{large:E}")
+
+number = 42.42
+print(f"{number:f}")
+
+inf = float("inf")
+print(f"{inf:f}")
+print(f"{inf:F}")
+print(f"{large:g}")
+print(f"{large:G}")
+print(f"{number:g}")

python-format-mini-language/signs.py

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+positive = 42
+negative = -42
+
+print(f"{positive:+}")
+print(f"{negative:+}")
+print(f"{positive:-}")
+print(f"{negative:-}")
+print(f"{positive: }")
+print(f"{negative: }")