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Author: chauhan0707

Graphs/BFS Graph.cpp

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+// Program to print BFS traversal from a given 
+// source vertex. BFS(int s) traverses vertices 
+// reachable from s. 
+#include<iostream> 
+#include <list> 
+
+using namespace std; 
+
+// This class represents a directed graph using 
+// adjacency list representation 
+class Graph 
+{ 
+	int V; // No. of vertices 
+
+	// Pointer to an array containing adjacency 
+	// lists 
+	list<int> *adj; 
+public: 
+	Graph(int V); // Constructor 
+
+	// function to add an edge to graph 
+	void addEdge(int v, int w); 
+
+	// prints BFS traversal from a given source s 
+	void BFS(int s); 
+}; 
+
+Graph::Graph(int V) 
+{ 
+	this->V = V; 
+	adj = new list<int>[V]; 
+} 
+
+void Graph::addEdge(int v, int w) 
+{ 
+	adj[v].push_back(w); // Add w to v’s list. 
+} 
+
+void Graph::BFS(int s) 
+{ 
+	// Mark all the vertices as not visited 
+	bool *visited = new bool[V]; 
+	for(int i = 0; i < V; i++) 
+		visited[i] = false; 
+
+	// Create a queue for BFS 
+	list<int> queue; 
+
+	// Mark the current node as visited and enqueue it 
+	visited[s] = true; 
+	queue.push_back(s); 
+
+	// 'i' will be used to get all adjacent 
+	// vertices of a vertex 
+	list<int>::iterator i; 
+
+	while(!queue.empty()) 
+	{ 
+		// Dequeue a vertex from queue and print it 
+		s = queue.front(); 
+		cout << s << " "; 
+		queue.pop_front(); 
+
+		// Get all adjacent vertices of the dequeued 
+		// vertex s. If a adjacent has not been visited, 
+		// then mark it visited and enqueue it 
+		for (i = adj[s].begin(); i != adj[s].end(); ++i) 
+		{ 
+			if (!visited[*i]) 
+			{ 
+				visited[*i] = true; 
+				queue.push_back(*i); 
+			} 
+		} 
+	} 
+} 
+
+// Driver program to test methods of graph class 
+int main() 
+{ 
+	// Create a graph given in the above diagram 
+	Graph g(4); 
+	g.addEdge(0, 1); 
+	g.addEdge(0, 2); 
+	g.addEdge(1, 2); 
+	g.addEdge(2, 0); 
+	g.addEdge(2, 3); 
+	g.addEdge(3, 3); 
+
+	cout << "Following is Breadth First Traversal "
+		<< "(starting from vertex 2) \n"; 
+	g.BFS(2); 
+
+	return 0; 
+} 
+

Graphs/DFS Graph.cpp

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+// C++ program to print DFS traversal from 
+// a given vertex in a given graph 
+#include<bits/stdc++.h> 
+using namespace std; 
+
+// Graph class represents a directed graph 
+// using adjacency list representation 
+class Graph 
+{ 
+	int V; // No. of vertices 
+
+	// Pointer to an array containing 
+	// adjacency lists 
+	list<int> *adj; 
+
+	// A recursive function used by DFS 
+	void DFSUtil(int v, bool visited[]); 
+public: 
+	Graph(int V); // Constructor 
+
+	// function to add an edge to graph 
+	void addEdge(int v, int w); 
+
+	// DFS traversal of the vertices 
+	// reachable from v 
+	void DFS(int v); 
+}; 
+
+Graph::Graph(int V) 
+{ 
+	this->V = V; 
+	adj = new list<int>[V]; 
+} 
+
+void Graph::addEdge(int v, int w) 
+{ 
+	adj[v].push_back(w); // Add w to v’s list. 
+} 
+
+void Graph::DFSUtil(int v, bool visited[]) 
+{ 
+	// Mark the current node as visited and 
+	// print it 
+	visited[v] = true; 
+	cout << v << " "; 
+
+	// Recur for all the vertices adjacent 
+	// to this vertex 
+	list<int>::iterator i; 
+	for (i = adj[v].begin(); i != adj[v].end(); ++i) 
+		if (!visited[*i]) 
+			DFSUtil(*i, visited); 
+} 
+
+// DFS traversal of the vertices reachable from v. 
+// It uses recursive DFSUtil() 
+void Graph::DFS(int v) 
+{ 
+	// Mark all the vertices as not visited 
+	bool *visited = new bool[V]; 
+	for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) 
+		visited[i] = false; 
+
+	// Call the recursive helper function 
+	// to print DFS traversal 
+	DFSUtil(v, visited); 
+} 
+
+// Driver code 
+int main() 
+{ 
+	// Create a graph given in the above diagram 
+	Graph g(4); 
+	g.addEdge(0, 1); 
+	g.addEdge(0, 2); 
+	g.addEdge(1, 2); 
+	g.addEdge(2, 0); 
+	g.addEdge(2, 3); 
+	g.addEdge(3, 3); 
+
+	cout << "Following is Depth First Traversal"
+			" (starting from vertex 2) \n"; 
+	g.DFS(2); 
+
+	return 0; 
+} 
+

Graphs/PrintHamiltonianPathInGraph.cpp

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+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+using namespace std;
+
+// data structure to store graph edges
+struct Edge {
+	int src, dest;
+};
+
+// class to represent a graph object
+class Graph
+{
+public:
+		// An array of vectors to represent adjacency list
+	vector<int> *adjList;
+
+	// Constructor
+	Graph(vector<Edge> const &edges, int N)
+	{
+		// allocate memory
+		adjList = new vector<int>[N];
+
+		// add edges to the undirected graph
+		for (unsigned i = 0; i < edges.size(); i++)
+		{
+			int src = edges[i].src;
+			int dest = edges[i].dest;
+
+			adjList[src].push_back(dest);
+			adjList[dest].push_back(src);
+		}
+	}
+};
+
+void printAllHamiltonianPaths(Graph const& g, int v, vector<bool>
+						visited, vector<int> &path, int N)
+{
+	// if all the vertices are visited, then
+	// Hamiltonian path exists
+	if (path.size() == N)
+	{
+		// print Hamiltonian path
+		for (int i : path)
+			cout << i << " ";
+		cout << endl;
+
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Check if every edge starting from vertex v leads
+	// to a solution or not
+	for (int w : g.adjList[v])
+	{
+		// process only unvisited vertices as Hamiltonian
+		// path visits each vertex exactly once
+		if (!visited[w])
+		{
+			visited[w] = true;
+			path.push_back(w);
+
+			// check if adding vertex w to the path leads
+			// to solution or not
+			printAllHamiltonianPaths(g, w, visited, path, N);
+
+			// Backtrack
+			visited[w] = false;
+			path.pop_back();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// main function
+int main()
+{
+	// consider complete graph having 4 vertices
+	vector<Edge> edges =
+	{
+		{0, 1}, {0, 2}, {0, 3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}
+	};
+
+	// starting node
+	int start = 0;
+
+	// Number of vertices in the graph
+	int N = 4;
+
+	// create a graph from edges
+	Graph g(edges, N);
+
+	// add starting node to the path
+	vector<int> path;
+	path.push_back(start);
+
+	// mark start node as visited
+	vector<bool> visited(N);
+	visited[start] = true;
+
+	printAllHamiltonianPaths(g, start, visited, path, N);
+
+	return 0;
+}

Graphs/TwoCliqueProblem.cpp

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+// C++ program to find out whether a given graph can be 
+// converted to two Cliques or not. 
+#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
+using namespace std; 
+
+const int V = 5; 
+
+// This function returns true if subgraph reachable from 
+// src is Bipartite or not. 
+bool isBipartiteUtil(int G[][V], int src, int colorArr[]) 
+{ 
+	colorArr[src] = 1; 
+
+	// Create a queue (FIFO) of vertex numbers and enqueue 
+	// source vertex for BFS traversal 
+	queue <int> q; 
+	q.push(src); 
+
+	// Run while there are vertices in queue (Similar to BFS) 
+	while (!q.empty()) 
+	{ 
+		// Dequeue a vertex from queue 
+		int u = q.front(); 
+		q.pop(); 
+
+		// Find all non-colored adjacent vertices 
+		for (int v = 0; v < V; ++v) 
+		{ 
+			// An edge from u to v exists and destination 
+			// v is not colored 
+			if (G[u][v] && colorArr[v] == -1) 
+			{ 
+				// Assign alternate color to this adjacent 
+				// v of u 
+				colorArr[v] = 1 - colorArr[u]; 
+				q.push(v); 
+			} 
+
+			// An edge from u to v exists and destination 
+			// v is colored with same color as u 
+			else if (G[u][v] && colorArr[v] == colorArr[u]) 
+				return false; 
+		} 
+	} 
+
+	// If we reach here, then all adjacent vertices can 
+	// be colored with alternate color 
+	return true; 
+} 
+
+// Returns true if a Graph G[][] is Bipartite or not. Note 
+// that G may not be connected. 
+bool isBipartite(int G[][V]) 
+{ 
+	// Create a color array to store colors assigned 
+	// to all veritces. Vertex number is used as index in 
+	// this array. The value '-1' of colorArr[i] 
+	// is used to indicate that no color is assigned to 
+	// vertex 'i'. The value 1 is used to indicate first 
+	// color is assigned and value 0 indicates 
+	// second color is assigned. 
+	int colorArr[V]; 
+	for (int i = 0; i < V; ++i) 
+		colorArr[i] = -1; 
+
+	// One by one check all not yet colored vertices. 
+	for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) 
+		if (colorArr[i] == -1) 
+			if (isBipartiteUtil(G, i, colorArr) == false) 
+				return false; 
+
+	return true; 
+} 
+
+// Returns true if G can be divided into 
+// two Cliques, else false. 
+bool canBeDividedinTwoCliques(int G[][V]) 
+{ 
+	// Find complement of G[][] 
+	// All values are complemented except 
+	// diagonal ones 
+	int GC[V][V]; 
+	for (int i=0; i<V; i++) 
+		for (int j=0; j<V; j++) 
+			GC[i][j] = (i != j)? !G[i][j] : 0; 
+
+	// Return true if complement is Bipartite 
+	// else false. 
+	return isBipartite(GC); 
+} 
+
+// Driver program to test above function 
+int main() 
+{ 
+	int G[][V] = {{0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, 
+		{1, 0, 1, 0, 0}, 
+		{1, 1, 0, 0, 0}, 
+		{0, 1, 0, 0, 1}, 
+		{0, 0, 0, 1, 0} 
+	}; 
+
+	canBeDividedinTwoCliques(G) ? cout << "Yes" : 
+								cout << "No"; 
+	return 0; 
+} 
+