Switch from DBD::mysql to DBD::MariaDB

DBD::mysql 5 recently dropped support for building from MySQL client
libraries prior to v8. This creates challenges for people still using
earlier versions, as well as those using MariaDB.

DBD::MariaDB forked from DBD::mysql back in 2018, and maintains
compatibility with both MySQL and MariaDB. It remains compatible with
earlier versions of MySQL as well as the MariaDB client libraries. It
also includes bug fixes and more transparent support for Unicode
encoding.

So switch from DBD::mysql to DBD::MariaDB. It's largely a drop-in
replacement, with just a few additional changes:

*   Add `_dsn()` to DBIEngine and always use it to connect to the
    database. Override it in mysql.pm to replace `dbi:mysql` with
    `dbi:MariaDB`. Also override it in some other drivers that mangle
    the value returned by URI::db.
*   Remove incompatible config parameters `mysql_enable_utf8` (no longer
    needed due to the aforementioned Unicode bug fixes),
    `mysql_auto_reconnect`, and `mysql_use_result`.
*   Read DBI handle attributes starting with `mariadb_` instead of
    `mysql_`.
*   Add a `USE` statement to set the registry as the current database
    after it has been created. Not sure how this wasn't required when
    using DBD::mysql, but aligns more closely with the requirements of
    other engines.

Resolves #825.

Author: theory

.github/ubuntu/mysql.sh

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ set -e
 if [ -z "$SKIP_DEPENDS" ]; then
     sudo apt-get update -qq
     sudo apt-get remove -qq mysql-common # https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/issues/5067#issuecomment-1038752575
-    sudo env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -qq mysql-client default-libmysqlclient-dev
+    sudo env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -qq mariadb-client libmariadbd-dev
 fi

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
           .github/ubuntu/snowflake.sh
           .github/ubuntu/vertica.sh
       - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends --cpanfile dist/cpanfile
-      - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends DBI DBD::ODBC DBD::Firebird DBD::Oracle DBD::mysql DBD::Pg Devel::Cover Devel::Cover::Report::Coveralls
+      - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends DBI DBD::ODBC DBD::Firebird DBD::Oracle DBD::MariaDB DBD::Pg Devel::Cover Devel::Cover::Report::Coveralls
       - name: Run Tests
         env:
           PERL5LIB: "${{ github.workspace }}/local/lib/perl5"

.github/workflows/mysql.yml

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     services:
       # Run the MySQL service in a container we can connect to. Means that the
-      # CLI and libraries DBD::mysql use are static to the version on the runner
+      # CLI and libraries DBD::MariaDB use are static to the version on the runner
       # machine.
       mysql:
         image: "${{ matrix.image }}:${{ matrix.version }}"
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
           path: local
           key: perl-${{ steps.perl.outputs.perl-hash }}
       - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends --cpanfile dist/cpanfile
-      - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends DBD::mysql
+      - run: cpm install --verbose --show-build-log-on-failure --no-test --with-recommends DBD::MariaDB
       - name: prove
         env:
           PERL5LIB: "${{ github.workspace }}/local/lib/perl5"

Changes

@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ Revision history for Perl extension App::Sqitch
        permission to create a schema and to skip the creation of the registry
        schema. Useful for cases when the registry schema was created in
        advance. Thanks to Peter Wimsey for the suggestion (#826).
+     - Switched the MySQL engine from DBD::mysql to DBD::MariaDB for better
+       compatibility with older versions of the MySQL client library and for
+       its Unicode improvements. Thanks to Mark Tyrrell for the report and
+       @tiberiusferreira and Perl Monks `1nickt` and`InfiniteSilence` for the
+       feedback (#825).
 
 1.4.1  2024-02-04T16:35:32Z
      - Removed the quoting of the role and warehouse identifiers that was

dist.ini

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Test::Spelling = 0
 Test::MockObject::Extends = 1.20180705
 DBD::SQLite = 1.37
 DBD::Pg = 2.0
-DBD::mysql = 4.018
+DBD::MariaDB = 1.0
 MySQL::Config = 0
 DBD::Firebird = 1.11
 DBD::ODBC = 1.59
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ DBD::SQLite = 1.37
 [OptionalFeature / mysql]
 -description = Support for managing MySQL databases
 -prompt = 0
-DBD::mysql = 4.018
+DBD::MariaDB = 1.0
 MySQL::Config = 0
 
 [OptionalFeature / firebird]

dist/cpanfile

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ suggests "DBD::ODBC" => "1.59";
 suggests "DBD::Oracle" => "1.23";
 suggests "DBD::Pg" => "2.0";
 suggests "DBD::SQLite" => "1.37";
-suggests "DBD::mysql" => "4.018";
+suggests "DBD::MariaDB" => "1.0";
 suggests "MySQL::Config" => "0";
 suggests "Time::HiRes" => "0";
 suggests "Time::Local" => "0";
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ on 'develop' => sub {
   requires "DBD::Oracle" => "1.23";
   requires "DBD::Pg" => "2.0";
   requires "DBD::SQLite" => "1.37";
-  requires "DBD::mysql" => "4.018";
+  requires "DBD::MariaDB" => "1.0";
   requires "MySQL::Config" => "0";
   requires "Time::HiRes" => "0";
   requires "Time::Local" => "0";
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ on 'develop' => sub {
   recommends "DBD::ODBC" => "1.59";
   recommends "DBD::Pg" => "2.0";
   recommends "DBD::SQLite" => "1.37";
-  recommends "DBD::mysql" => "4.018";
+  recommends "DBD::MariaDB" => "1.0";
   recommends "Dist::Zilla" => "5";
   recommends "Dist::Zilla::Plugin::AutoPrereqs" => "0";
   recommends "Dist::Zilla::Plugin::CPANFile" => "0";

dist/sqitch.spec

@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ Group:          Development/Libraries
 Requires:       sqitch >= %{version}
 Requires:       mysql >= 5.1.0
 Requires:       perl(DBI) >= 1.631
-Requires:       perl(DBD::mysql) >= 4.018
+Requires:       perl(DBD::MariaDB) >= 1.0
 Requires:       perl(MySQL::Config)
 Provides:       sqitch-mysql
 

inc/Menlo/Sqitch.pm

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Runtime-only dependencies
         DBD-ODBC
         DBD-Oracle
         DBD-Pg
-        DBD-mysql
+        DBD-MariaDB
         Data-OptList
         DateTime
         DateTime-Locale

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/exasol.pm

@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ has dbh => (
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        my $uri = $self->uri;
-        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+        DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/firebird.pm

@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ sub registry_destination {
 
 sub _def_user { $ENV{ISC_USER} }
 sub _def_pass { $ENV{ISC_PASSWORD} }
+sub _dsn {
+    my $uri = shift->registry_uri;
+    return $uri->dbi_dsn . ';ib_dialect=3;ib_charset=UTF8';
+}
 
 has dbh => (
     is      => 'rw',
@@ -69,11 +73,9 @@ has dbh => (
     clearer => '_clear_dbh',
     default => sub {
         my $self = shift;
-        my $uri  = $self->registry_uri;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        my $dsn = $uri->dbi_dsn . ';ib_dialect=3;ib_charset=UTF8';
-        return DBI->connect($dsn, scalar $self->username, scalar $self->password, {
+        return DBI->connect($self->_dsn, scalar $self->username, scalar $self->password, {
             PrintError       => 0,
             RaiseError       => 0,
             AutoCommit       => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/mysql.pm

@@ -64,29 +64,30 @@ has _mycnf => (
 sub _def_user { $_[0]->_mycnf->{user} || $_[0]->sqitch->sysuser }
 sub _def_pass { $ENV{MYSQL_PWD} || shift->_mycnf->{password} }
 
+sub _dsn {
+    (my $dsn = shift->uri->dbi_dsn) =~ s/\Adbi:mysql/dbi:MariaDB/;
+    return $dsn;
+}
+
 has dbh => (
     is      => 'rw',
     isa     => DBH,
     lazy    => 1,
     default => sub {
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
-        my $uri = $self->registry_uri;
-        my $dbh = DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
-            PrintError           => 0,
-            RaiseError           => 0,
-            AutoCommit           => 1,
-            mysql_enable_utf8    => 1,
-            mysql_auto_reconnect => 0,
-            mysql_use_result     => 0, # Prevent "Commands out of sync" error.
-            HandleError          => $self->error_handler,
-            Callbacks            => {
+        my $dbh = DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+            PrintError  => 0,
+            RaiseError  => 0,
+            AutoCommit  => 1,
+            HandleError => $self->error_handler,
+            Callbacks   => {
                 connected => sub {
                     my $dbh = shift;
                     $dbh->do("SET SESSION $_") or return for (
                         q{character_set_client   = 'utf8'},
                         q{character_set_server   = 'utf8'},
-                        ($dbh->{mysql_serverversion} || 0 < 50500 ? () : (q{default_storage_engine = 'InnoDB'})),
+                        ($dbh->{mariadb_serverversion} || 0 < 50500 ? () : (q{default_storage_engine = 'InnoDB'})),
                         q{time_zone              = '+00:00'},
                         q{group_concat_max_len   = 32768},
                         q{sql_mode = '} . join(',', qw(
@@ -105,15 +106,15 @@ has dbh => (
         });
 
         # Make sure we support this version.
-        my ($dbms, $vnum, $vstr) = $dbh->{mysql_serverinfo} =~ /mariadb/i
+        my ($dbms, $vnum, $vstr) = $dbh->{mariadb_serverinfo} =~ /mariadb/i
             ? ('MariaDB', 50300, '5.3')
             : ('MySQL',   50100, '5.1.0');
         hurl mysql => __x(
             'Sqitch requires {rdbms} {want_version} or higher; this is {have_version}',
             rdbms        => $dbms,
             want_version => $vstr,
             have_version => $dbh->selectcol_arrayref('SELECT version()')->[0],
-        ) unless $dbh->{mysql_serverversion} >= $vnum;
+        ) unless $dbh->{mariadb_serverversion} >= $vnum;
 
         return $dbh;
     }
@@ -211,17 +212,17 @@ has _fractional_seconds => (
     lazy    => 1,
     default => sub {
         my $dbh = shift->dbh;
-        return $dbh->{mysql_serverinfo} =~ /mariadb/i
-            ? $dbh->{mysql_serverversion} >= 50305
-            : $dbh->{mysql_serverversion} >= 50604;
+        return $dbh->{mariadb_serverinfo} =~ /mariadb/i
+            ? $dbh->{mariadb_serverversion} >= 50305
+            : $dbh->{mariadb_serverversion} >= 50604;
     },
 );
 
 sub mysql { @{ shift->_mysql } }
 
 sub key    { 'mysql' }
 sub name   { 'MySQL' }
-sub driver { 'DBD::mysql 4.018' }
+sub driver { 'DBD::MariaDB 1.0' }
 sub default_client { 'mysql' }
 
 sub _char2ts {
@@ -282,6 +283,7 @@ sub _initialize {
     # Deploy the registry to the Sqitch database.
     $self->run_upgrade( file(__FILE__)->dir->file('mysql.sql') );
     $self->_set_initialized(1);
+    $self->dbh->do('USE ' . $self->dbh->quote_identifier($self->registry));
     $self->_register_release;
 }
 
@@ -478,7 +480,7 @@ sub _prepare_registry_file {
 
         # Strip out 5.5 stuff on earlier versions.
         $sql =~ s/-- ## BEGIN 5[.]5.+?-- ## END 5[.]5//ms
-            if $self->dbh->{mysql_serverversion} < 50500;
+            if $self->dbh->{mariadb_serverversion} < 50500;
     }
 
     if (!$can_create_checkit) {
@@ -501,11 +503,12 @@ sub _prepare_registry_file {
 # determine whether we have binary logging disabled, or trust function
 # creators, or have the SUPER privilege.
 sub _can_create_immutable_function {
+    # Use md5() to prevent "Illegal mix of collations" errors.
     shift->dbh->selectcol_arrayref(q{
         SELECT @@log_bin = 0
             OR @@log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
             OR (
-                SELECT super_priv = 'Y' FROM mysql.user
+                SELECT md5(super_priv) = md5('Y') FROM mysql.user
                  WHERE CONCAT(user, '@', host) = current_user
             )
     })->[0]

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/oracle.pm

@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ has dbh => (
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        my $uri = $self->uri;
-        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+        DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/pg.pm

@@ -112,9 +112,8 @@ has dbh => (
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        my $uri = $self->uri;
         local $ENV{PGCLIENTENCODING} = 'UTF8';
-        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+        DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/snowflake.pm

@@ -191,10 +191,9 @@ has dbh => (
     default => sub {
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
-        my $uri = $self->uri;
         my $wh = $self->warehouse;
         my $role = $self->role;
-        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+        DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/sqlite.pm

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ sub key    { 'sqlite' }
 sub name   { 'SQLite' }
 sub driver { 'DBD::SQLite 1.37' }
 sub default_client { 'sqlite3' }
+sub _dsn { shift->registry_uri->dbi_dsn }
 
 has dbh => (
     is      => 'rw',
@@ -70,8 +71,7 @@ has dbh => (
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        my $uri = $self->registry_uri;
-        my $dbh = DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, '', '', {
+        my $dbh = DBI->connect($self->_dsn, '', '', {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Engine/vertica.pm

@@ -68,6 +68,17 @@ has _vsql => (
 
 sub vsql { @{ shift->_vsql } }
 
+sub _dsn {
+    my $self = shift;
+    # Set defaults in the URI.
+    my $uri = $self->uri;
+    # https://my.vertica.com/docs/5.1.6/HTML/index.htm#2736.htm
+    $uri->dbname($ENV{VSQL_DATABASE}) if !$uri->dbname   && $ENV{VSQL_DATABASE};
+    $uri->host($ENV{VSQL_HOST})       if !$uri->host     && $ENV{VSQL_HOST};
+    $uri->port($ENV{VSQL_PORT})       if !$uri->_port    && $ENV{VSQL_PORT};
+    return $uri->dbi_dsn;
+}
+
 has dbh => (
     is      => 'rw',
     isa     => DBH,
@@ -76,15 +87,7 @@ has dbh => (
         my $self = shift;
         $self->use_driver;
 
-        # Set defaults in the URI.
-        my $target = $self->target;
-        my $uri = $self->uri;
-        # https://my.vertica.com/docs/5.1.6/HTML/index.htm#2736.htm
-        $uri->dbname($ENV{VSQL_DATABASE}) if !$uri->dbname   && $ENV{VSQL_DATABASE};
-        $uri->host($ENV{VSQL_HOST})       if !$uri->host     && $ENV{VSQL_HOST};
-        $uri->port($ENV{VSQL_PORT})       if !$uri->_port    && $ENV{VSQL_PORT};
-
-        DBI->connect($uri->dbi_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
+        DBI->connect($self->_dsn, $self->username, $self->password, {
             PrintError        => 0,
             RaiseError        => 0,
             AutoCommit        => 1,

lib/App/Sqitch/Role/DBIEngine.pm

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ after use_driver => sub {
     DBI->trace(1) if $_[0]->sqitch->verbosity > 2;
 };
 
+sub _dsn { shift->target->uri->dbi_dsn }
+
 sub _dt($) {
     require App::Sqitch::DateTime;
     return App::Sqitch::DateTime->new(split /:/ => shift);

po/fr_FR.po

@@ -1618,7 +1618,7 @@ msgstr "L'email utilisateur ne peut contenir \">\""
 #~ msgstr "Cible de déploiement inconnue : \"{target}\""
 
 #, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "DBD::mysql module required to manage MySQL"
+#~ msgid "DBD::MariaDB module required to manage MySQL"
 #~ msgstr "Module DBD::Pg requis pour gérer PostgreSQL"
 
 #, fuzzy

t/dbiengine_role.t

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ can_ok $CLASS, qw(
     _in_expr
     _register_release
     _version_query
+    _dsn
     registry_version
     _cid
     earliest_change_id
@@ -72,10 +73,12 @@ can_ok $CLASS, qw(
     begin_work
     finish_work
     rollback_work
+    _eh
+    error_handler
 );
 
 is App::Sqitch::Role::DBIEngine::_ts_default, 'DEFAULT',
-    '_ts_default shoudld return DEFAULT';
+    '_ts_default should return DEFAULT';
 
 # Test various failure modes.
 my $role = bless {} => $CLASS;

t/firebird.t

@@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ is $fb->name, 'Firebird', 'Name should be "Firebird"';
 is $fb->username, $ENV{ISC_USER}, 'Should have username from environment';
 is $fb->password, $ENV{ISC_PASSWORD}, 'Should have password from environment';
 is $fb->_limit_default, '18446744073709551615', 'Should have _limit_default';
+is $fb->_dsn, 'dbi:Firebird:dbname=sqitch.fdb;ib_dialect=3;ib_charset=UTF8',
+    'Should append "ib_dialect=3;ib_charset=UTF8" to the DSN';
 
 my $have_fb_client;
 if ($have_fb_driver && (my $client = try { $fb->client })) {

t/lib/DBIEngineTest.pm

@@ -1773,7 +1773,7 @@ sub run {
             ok $engine->wait_lock, 'Should not have to wait for lock';
 
             # Make a second connection to the database.
-            my $dbh = DBI->connect($engine->uri->dbi_dsn, $engine->username, $engine->password, {
+            my $dbh = DBI->connect($engine->_dsn, $engine->username, $engine->password, {
                 PrintError  => 0,
                 RaiseError  => 0,
                 AutoCommit  => 1,