diff --git a/ciao/app.h b/ciao/app.h
index 89f6848..b1c1510 100644
--- a/ciao/app.h
+++ b/ciao/app.h
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class App {
         return *this;
     }
 
-    // basic methods start...
+    // basic methods start...，不使用模板和宏，显式定义各个方法，方便后续重构
     App& get(const std::string& path, Middleware m) {
         router->get(path, m);
         return *this;
@@ -240,6 +240,47 @@ class App {
         router->patch(path, ms);
         return *this;
     }
+
+    App& get(Middleware m) {
+        router->get("", m);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& get(std::vector<Middleware> ms) {
+        router->get("", ms);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& post(Middleware m) {
+        router->post("", m);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& post(std::vector<Middleware> ms) {
+        router->post("", ms);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& del(Middleware m) {
+        router->del("", m);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& del(std::vector<Middleware> ms) {
+        router->del("", ms);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& put(Middleware m) {
+        router->put("", m);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& put(std::vector<Middleware> ms) {
+        router->put("", ms);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& patch(Middleware m) {
+        router->patch("", m);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    App& patch(std::vector<Middleware> ms) {
+        router->patch("", ms);
+        return *this;
+    }
     // basic methods end.
 };
 
diff --git a/ciao/group.h b/ciao/group.h
index 78b8668..0954259 100644
--- a/ciao/group.h
+++ b/ciao/group.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class Group {
     std::string name() { return _name; }
     std::vector<GroupMethodHolder> get_apis() { return _apis; }
 
-    // 挂载到path指定的group子路由上
+    // 挂载到path指定的group子路由上，不使用模板和宏，显式定义各个方法
     Group& get(const std::string& path, Middleware m) {
         _set_api("get", path, m);
         return *this;
diff --git a/test/app/define_app_test.cc b/test/app/define_app_test.cc
index d87fba5..c885ce2 100644
--- a/test/app/define_app_test.cc
+++ b/test/app/define_app_test.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,18 @@ TEST_F(AppTest, DefineAppWithParamsTest) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, app.router);
 }
 
+TEST_F(AppTest, AppRootRouteTest) {
+    ciao::App app;
+    ciao::Middleware m = [](ciao::Request& req, ciao::Response& res, ciao::Next& next) {};
+    app.get(m);
+    app.post(m);
+    app.put({m,m});
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, app.router->trie.add_node("")->handlers["get"].size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, app.router->trie.add_node("")->handlers["post"].size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, app.router->trie.add_node("")->handlers["put"].size());
+}
+
 TEST_F(AppTest, DefineHttpMethodTest) {
     ciao::App app;
     app.get("/get", [](ciao::Request& req, ciao::Response& res, ciao::Next& next) {});