Drop Python 3.9 (#497)

tony · web-flow · commit d19157d21367 · 2025-11-01T10:46:52.000-05:00
# Changes ## Drop Python 3.9 EOL of 2025-10-31. See also: - https://devguide.python.org/versions/#:~:text=Release%20manager-,3.9,-PEP%20596 - https://peps.python.org/pep-0596/
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.14']
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.14']
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Install uv
diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@ $ pip install --user --upgrade --pre libvcs
 
 _Upcoming changes will be written here._
 
+### Breaking changes
+
+- Drop support for Python 3.9; the new minimum is Python 3.10 (#497).
+
+  See also:
+  - [Python 3.9 EOL timeline](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#:~:text=Release%20manager-,3.9,-PEP%20596)
+  - [PEP 596](https://peps.python.org/pep-0596/)
+
 ### Development
 
 - Add Python 3.14 to test matrix (#496)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ detection and parsing of URLs, commanding, and syncing with `git`, `hg`, and `sv
   Python API.
 - **py.test fixtures**: Create temporary local repositories and working copies for testing for unit tests.
 
-_Supports Python 3.9 and above, Git (including AWS CodeCommit), Subversion, and Mercurial._
+_Supports Python 3.10 and above, Git (including AWS CodeCommit), Subversion, and Mercurial._
 
 To **get started**, see the [quickstart guide](https://libvcs.git-pull.com/quickstart.html) for more information.
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 name = "libvcs"
 version = "0.36.0"
 description = "Lite, typed, python utilities for Git, SVN, Mercurial, etc."
-requires-python = ">=3.9,<4.0"
+requires-python = ">=3.10,<4.0"
 authors = [
   {name = "Tony Narlock", email = "tony@git-pull.com"}
 ]
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ classifiers = [
   "Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X",
   "Programming Language :: Python",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -130,6 +129,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [tool.mypy]
 strict = true
+python_version = "3.10"
 files = [
   "src",
   "tests",
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ exclude_lines = [
 ]
 
 [tool.ruff]
-target-version = "py39"
+target-version = "py310"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 select = [
diff --git a/src/libvcs/_internal/query_list.py b/src/libvcs/_internal/query_list.py
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def keygetter(
                 dct = getattr(dct, sub_field)
     except Exception as e:
         traceback.print_stack()
-        logger.debug(f"The above error was {e}")
+        logger.debug("The above error was %s", e)
         return None
     return dct
 
@@ -122,12 +122,12 @@ def parse_lookup(obj: Mapping[str, t.Any], path: str, lookup: str) -> t.Any | No
     """
     try:
         if isinstance(path, str) and isinstance(lookup, str) and path.endswith(lookup):
-            field_name = path.rsplit(lookup)[0]
+            field_name = path.split(lookup, maxsplit=1)[0]
             if field_name is not None:
                 return keygetter(obj, field_name)
     except Exception as e:
         traceback.print_stack()
-        logger.debug(f"The above error was {e}")
+        logger.debug("The above error was %s", e)
     return None
 
 
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ def __eq__(
             return False
 
         if len(self) == len(data):
-            for a, b in zip(self, data):
+            for a, b in zip(self, data, strict=False):
                 if isinstance(a, Mapping):
                     a_keys = a.keys()
                     if a.keys == b.keys():
diff --git a/src/libvcs/_internal/run.py b/src/libvcs/_internal/run.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def console_to_str(s: bytes) -> str:
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
     _LoggerAdapter = logging.LoggerAdapter[logging.Logger]
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 else:
     _LoggerAdapter = logging.LoggerAdapter
 
@@ -98,13 +98,10 @@ def __call__(self, output: str, timestamp: datetime.datetime) -> None:
 if sys.platform == "win32":
     _ENV: TypeAlias = Mapping[str, str]
 else:
-    _ENV: TypeAlias = t.Union[
-        Mapping[bytes, StrPath],
-        Mapping[str, StrPath],
-    ]
+    _ENV: TypeAlias = Mapping[bytes, StrPath] | Mapping[str, StrPath]
 
-_CMD = t.Union[StrPath, Sequence[StrPath]]
-_FILE: TypeAlias = t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.IO[t.Any]]]
+_CMD = StrPath | Sequence[StrPath]
+_FILE: TypeAlias = int | t.IO[t.Any] | None
 
 
 def run(
diff --git a/src/libvcs/_internal/shortcuts.py b/src/libvcs/_internal/shortcuts.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 from libvcs.url import registry as url_tools
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
+    from typing import TypeGuard
 
     from libvcs._internal.run import ProgressCallbackProtocol
     from libvcs._internal.types import StrPath, VCSLiteral
diff --git a/src/libvcs/_internal/subprocess.py b/src/libvcs/_internal/subprocess.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 from .dataclasses import SkipDefaultFieldsReprMixin
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
 
 F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
@@ -66,14 +66,11 @@ def __init__(self, output: str, *args: object) -> None:
 if sys.platform == "win32":
     _ENV: TypeAlias = Mapping[str, str]
 else:
-    _ENV: TypeAlias = t.Union[
-        Mapping[bytes, StrOrBytesPath],
-        Mapping[str, StrOrBytesPath],
-    ]
-_FILE: TypeAlias = t.Union[None, int, t.IO[t.Any]]
-_TXT: TypeAlias = t.Union[bytes, str]
+    _ENV: TypeAlias = Mapping[bytes, StrOrBytesPath] | Mapping[str, StrOrBytesPath]
+_FILE: TypeAlias = None | int | t.IO[t.Any]
+_TXT: TypeAlias = bytes | str
 #: Command
-_CMD: TypeAlias = t.Union[StrOrBytesPath, Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]]
+_CMD: TypeAlias = StrOrBytesPath | Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(repr=False)
@@ -191,8 +188,7 @@ class SubprocessCommand(SkipDefaultFieldsReprMixin):
     start_new_session: bool = False
     pass_fds: t.Any = ()
     umask: int = -1
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-        pipesize: int = -1
+    pipesize: int = -1
     user: str | None = None
     group: str | None = None
     extra_groups: list[str] | None = None
diff --git a/src/libvcs/_internal/types.py b/src/libvcs/_internal/types.py
@@ -13,17 +13,12 @@
 from os import PathLike
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
-StrPath: TypeAlias = t.Union[str, PathLike[str]]  # stable
+StrPath: TypeAlias = str | PathLike[str]  # stable
 """:class:`os.PathLike` or :class:`str`"""
 
-StrOrBytesPath: TypeAlias = t.Union[
-    str,
-    bytes,
-    PathLike[str],
-    PathLike[bytes],  # stable
-]
+StrOrBytesPath: TypeAlias = str | bytes | PathLike[str] | PathLike[bytes]
 """:class:`os.PathLike`, :class:`str` or :term:`bytes-like object`"""
 
 
diff --git a/src/libvcs/cmd/git.py b/src/libvcs/cmd/git.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 from libvcs._internal.run import ProgressCallbackProtocol, run
 from libvcs._internal.types import StrOrBytesPath, StrPath
 
-_CMD = t.Union[StrOrBytesPath, Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]]
+_CMD = StrOrBytesPath | Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]
 
 
 class Git:
diff --git a/src/libvcs/cmd/hg.py b/src/libvcs/cmd/hg.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 from libvcs._internal.run import ProgressCallbackProtocol, run
 from libvcs._internal.types import StrOrBytesPath, StrPath
 
-_CMD = t.Union[StrOrBytesPath, Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]]
+_CMD = StrOrBytesPath | Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]
 
 
 class HgColorType(enum.Enum):
diff --git a/src/libvcs/cmd/svn.py b/src/libvcs/cmd/svn.py
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@
 from libvcs._internal.run import ProgressCallbackProtocol, run
 from libvcs._internal.types import StrOrBytesPath, StrPath
 
-_CMD = t.Union[StrOrBytesPath, Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]]
+_CMD = StrOrBytesPath | Sequence[StrOrBytesPath]
 
-DepthLiteral = t.Union[t.Literal["infinity", "empty", "files", "immediates"], None]
-RevisionLiteral = t.Union[t.Literal["HEAD", "BASE", "COMMITTED", "PREV"], None]
+DepthLiteral = t.Literal["infinity", "empty", "files", "immediates"] | None
+RevisionLiteral = t.Literal["HEAD", "BASE", "COMMITTED", "PREV"] | None
 
 
 class SvnPropsetValueOrValuePathRequired(exc.LibVCSException, TypeError):
diff --git a/src/libvcs/pytest_plugin.py b/src/libvcs/pytest_plugin.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 from libvcs.sync.svn import SvnSync
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
     from libvcs._internal.run import _ENV
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def unique_repo_name(remote_repos_path: pathlib.Path, max_retries: int = 15) ->
         return remote_repo_name
 
 
-InitCmdArgs: TypeAlias = t.Optional[list[str]]
+InitCmdArgs: TypeAlias = list[str] | None
 
 
 class CreateRepoPostInitFn(t.Protocol):
diff --git a/src/libvcs/sync/constants.py b/src/libvcs/sync/constants.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #: Default VCS systems by string (in :data:`DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_MAP`)
 DEFAULT_VCS_LITERAL = t.Literal["git", "hg", "svn"]
 #: Union of VCS Classes
-DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_UNION = type[t.Union[GitSync, HgSync, SvnSync]]
+DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_UNION = type[GitSync | HgSync | SvnSync]
 #: ``str`` -> ``class`` Map. ``DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_MAP['git']`` ->
 #: :class:`~libvcs.sync.git.GitSync`
 DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_MAP: dict[DEFAULT_VCS_LITERAL, DEFAULT_VCS_CLASS_UNION] = {
diff --git a/src/libvcs/sync/git.py b/src/libvcs/sync/git.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class GitRemote:
 
 
 GitSyncRemoteDict = dict[str, GitRemote]
-GitRemotesArgs = t.Union[None, GitSyncRemoteDict, dict[str, str]]
+GitRemotesArgs = None | GitSyncRemoteDict | dict[str, str]
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -401,9 +401,9 @@ def update_repo(
             self.log.debug("No git revision set, defaulting to origin/master")
             symref = self.cmd.symbolic_ref(name="HEAD", short=True)
             git_tag = symref.rstrip() if symref else "origin/master"
-        self.log.debug(f"git_tag: {git_tag}")
+        self.log.debug("git_tag: %s", git_tag)
 
-        self.log.info(f"Updating to '{git_tag}'.")
+        self.log.info("Updating to '%s'.", git_tag)
 
         # Get head sha
         try:
@@ -416,14 +416,14 @@ def update_repo(
             self.log.exception("Failed to get the hash for HEAD")
             return
 
-        self.log.debug(f"head_sha: {head_sha}")
+        self.log.debug("head_sha: %s", head_sha)
 
         # If a remote ref is asked for, which can possibly move around,
         # we must always do a fetch and checkout.
         show_ref_output = self.cmd.show_ref(pattern=git_tag, check_returncode=False)
-        self.log.debug(f"show_ref_output: {show_ref_output}")
+        self.log.debug("show_ref_output: %s", show_ref_output)
         is_remote_ref = "remotes" in show_ref_output
-        self.log.debug(f"is_remote_ref: {is_remote_ref}")
+        self.log.debug("is_remote_ref: %s", is_remote_ref)
 
         # show-ref output is in the form "<sha> refs/remotes/<remote>/<tag>"
         # we must strip the remote from the tag.
@@ -441,8 +441,8 @@ def update_repo(
                 raise GitRemoteRefNotFound(git_tag=git_tag, ref_output=show_ref_output)
             git_remote_name = m.group("git_remote_name")
             git_tag = m.group("git_tag")
-        self.log.debug(f"git_remote_name: {git_remote_name}")
-        self.log.debug(f"git_tag: {git_tag}")
+        self.log.debug("git_remote_name: %s", git_remote_name)
+        self.log.debug("git_tag: %s", git_tag)
 
         # This will fail if the tag does not exist (it probably has not
         # been fetched yet).
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ def update_repo(
         except exc.CommandError as e:
             error_code = e.returncode if e.returncode is not None else 0
             tag_sha = ""
-        self.log.debug(f"tag_sha: {tag_sha}")
+        self.log.debug("tag_sha: %s", tag_sha)
 
         # Is the hash checkout out what we want?
         somethings_up = (error_code, is_remote_ref, tag_sha != head_sha)
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ def update_repo(
         try:
             process = self.cmd.fetch(log_in_real_time=True, check_returncode=True)
         except exc.CommandError:
-            self.log.exception(f"Failed to fetch repository '{url}'")
+            self.log.exception("Failed to fetch repository '%s'", url)
             return
 
         if is_remote_ref:
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ def update_repo(
             try:
                 process = self.cmd.checkout(branch=git_tag)
             except exc.CommandError:
-                self.log.exception(f"Failed to checkout tag: '{git_tag}'")
+                self.log.exception("Failed to checkout tag: '%s'", git_tag)
                 return
 
             # Rebase changes from the remote branch
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ def update_repo(
             try:
                 process = self.cmd.checkout(branch=git_tag)
             except exc.CommandError:
-                self.log.exception(f"Failed to checkout tag: '{git_tag}'")
+                self.log.exception("Failed to checkout tag: '%s'", git_tag)
                 return
 
         self.cmd.submodule.update(recursive=True, init=True, log_in_real_time=True)
diff --git a/src/libvcs/url/registry.py b/src/libvcs/url/registry.py
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
 from libvcs._internal.module_loading import import_string
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
     from .base import URLProtocol
 
-    ParserLazyMap: TypeAlias = dict[str, t.Union[type[URLProtocol], str]]
+    ParserLazyMap: TypeAlias = dict[str, type[URLProtocol] | str]
     ParserMap: TypeAlias = dict[str, type[URLProtocol]]
 
 DEFAULT_PARSERS: ParserLazyMap = {
diff --git a/tests/url/test_registry.py b/tests/url/test_registry.py
@@ -13,14 +13,10 @@
 
 if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Callable
-
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
     ParserMatchLazy: TypeAlias = Callable[[str], registry.ParserMatch]
-    DetectVCSFixtureExpectedMatch: TypeAlias = t.Union[
-        registry.ParserMatch,
-        ParserMatchLazy,
-    ]
+    DetectVCSFixtureExpectedMatch: TypeAlias = registry.ParserMatch | ParserMatchLazy
 
 
 class DetectVCSFixture(t.NamedTuple):
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
