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Unify failure results and add safety-factor and mode-dependent criteria #9

Description

@vsdsantos

Problem

The package exposes maximum-stress, maximum-strain, Tsai–Hill, and Tsai–Wu checks, but does not provide a common failure-result model or load-factor/safety-factor calculation. The current criteria return vectors of booleans or scalar indices (src/failure_criterias.jl:2-84), and the implementation has no Hashin or Puck criterion.

Engineering consequence

Users must interpret heterogeneous return values themselves, cannot reliably identify the critical ply/mode, and cannot directly obtain the load multiplier at first-ply failure. Important matrix/fiber mode distinctions are unavailable for analyses where failure mechanism matters.

Proposed improvement

Introduce a consistent result type containing criterion, ply index, failure index(s), pass/fail state, and failure mode. Add APIs for:

  • critical-ply and first-ply-failure queries
  • safety factor/load scaling, including the quadratic solution for Tsai–Wu
  • Hashin fiber/matrix tension/compression modes
  • Puck fiber failure and inter-fiber failure modes, with documented inclination parameters
  • clear handling of missing strengths and zero/negative indices

Document that Tsai–Hill/Tsai–Wu produce interaction indices rather than intrinsically identifying a physical mode, and test pure-load and combined-load cases against published equations.

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