Working with Functions Using SUM in SQL SELECT SUM(num_desks) FROM Departments WHERE id >= 1 AND id <= 5; AVG, MIN, MAX, and COUNT in SQL SELECT AVG(vacation_taken) FROM Employees WHERE department = 'Marketing'; SELECT MIN(vacation_taken) FROM Employees SELECT MAX(vacation_taken) FROM SELECT COUNT(id) FROM Employees WHERE vacation_taken > 20; Finding unique values in SQL SELECT DISTINCT(tshirt_size) FROM Employees WHERE tshirt_size IS NOT NULL; UPPER, LOWER, and LENGTH in SQL SELECT UPPER(first_name) FROM Employees SELECT LOWER(first_name) FROM Employees SELECT first_name FROM Employees WHERE LENGTH(first_name) > 4;