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...n/docs/tutorials/materials/specific/interface-2d-3d-graphene-silicon-dioxide.md
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# YAML header | ||
render_macros: true | ||
--- | ||
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# Interfaces between 2D and 3D Materials: Graphene on SiO2 (alpha-quartz). | ||
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## Introduction. | ||
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This tutorial demonstrates the process of creating interfaces between 2D and 3D materials, specifically graphene and silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>), based on the work presented in the following manuscript, where the electronic properties of graphene on SiO<sub>2</sub> are studied. | ||
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!!!note "Manuscript" | ||
**Yong-Ju Kang, Joongoo Kang, and K. J. Chang** | ||
"Electronic structure of graphene and doping effect on SiO2" | ||
Physical Review B 78, 115404 (2008) | ||
[DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115404](https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115404) | ||
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We use the [Materials Designer](../../../materials-designer/overview.md) to create interfaces between graphene and silicon dioxide with oxygen termination, as shown in the manuscript. | ||
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We will focus on replicating the material from FIG. 1. (b) -- with Graphene on O-terminated SiO<sub>2</sub>. The material (a) requires relaxation to correctly reproduce the structure, which is not covered in this tutorial. | ||
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") | ||
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## 1. Load and Preview Materials. | ||
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Navigate to [Materials Designer](../../../materials-designer/overview.md) and import graphene and silicon dioxide materials from the [Standata](../../../materials-designer/header-menu/input-output/standata-import.md). | ||
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Then use the [JupyterLite](../../../jupyterlite/overview.md) environment to create the target structures. | ||
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## 2. Create Interface Between Graphene and Silicon Dioxide. | ||
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### 2.1 Launch JupyterLite Session. | ||
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Select the "Advanced > [JupyterLite Transformation](../../../materials-designer/header-menu/advanced/jupyterlite-dialog.md)" menu item to launch the JupyterLite environment. | ||
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 | ||
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### 2.2 Open and Modify the Notebook. | ||
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Select the input materials with the first being the substrate (SiO₂) and the second being the film (graphene). | ||
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Open the `create_interface_with_min_strain_zsl.ipynb` notebook and modify the parameters as follows: | ||
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- Miller indices: `(0, 0, 1)` for both materials | ||
- Thickness: `1` layer for graphene, `7` layers for SiO₂ (resulting in 14 bilayers as specified in the manuscript) | ||
- Interface distance: `2.58` Å (as stated in the manuscript) | ||
- Interface vacuum: `20.0` Å (as specified in the manuscript) | ||
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Let's set `MAX_AREA=150` Ų to allow for a larger search area for the superlattice search algorithm. | ||
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`TERMINATION_PAIR_INDICES` will be set to `[1]` to get the O-terminated interface as shown in the manuscript. | ||
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Adjust the "1.1. Set up slab parameters" cell as shown: | ||
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```python | ||
# Enable interactive selection of terminations via UI prompt | ||
IS_TERMINATIONS_SELECTION_INTERACTIVE = False | ||
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FILM_INDEX = 1 # Index in the list of materials, to access as materials[FILM_INDEX] | ||
FILM_MILLER_INDICES = (0, 0, 1) | ||
FILM_THICKNESS = 1 # in atomic layers | ||
FILM_VACUUM = 0.0 # in angstroms | ||
FILM_XY_SUPERCELL_MATRIX = [[1, 0], [0, 1]] | ||
FILM_USE_ORTHOGONAL_Z = True | ||
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SUBSTRATE_INDEX = 0 | ||
SUBSTRATE_MILLER_INDICES = (0, 0, 1) | ||
SUBSTRATE_THICKNESS = 7 # in atomic layers (for 14 bilayers -- from manuscript) | ||
SUBSTRATE_VACUUM = 0.0 # in angstroms | ||
SUBSTRATE_XY_SUPERCELL_MATRIX = [[1, 0], [0, 1]] | ||
SUBSTRATE_USE_ORTHOGONAL_Z = True | ||
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# Maximum area for the superlattice search algorithm | ||
MAX_AREA = 150 # in Angstrom^2 | ||
# Set the termination pair indices | ||
TERMINATION_PAIR_INDICES = [1] # For O-terminated | ||
INTERFACE_DISTANCE = 2.58 # in Angstrom -- from manuscript | ||
INTERFACE_VACUUM = 20.0 # in Angstrom -- from manuscript | ||
``` | ||
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 | ||
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### 2.3 Run the Notebook | ||
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Run the notebook to generate the interface structure between graphene and silicon dioxide with oxygen termination. | ||
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 | ||
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### 2.4. View Results. | ||
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The generation might take some time. | ||
After that, the user can pass the material to the Materials Designer for further analysis. | ||
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 | ||
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## 3. Pass the Material to Materials Designer. | ||
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After generating the interface structure, pass the material to the Materials Designer for further analysis. | ||
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The interface between graphene and silicon dioxide with oxygen termination is shown below. | ||
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 | ||
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## Interactive JupyterLite Notebook. | ||
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The interactive JupyterLite notebook for creating interfaces between graphene and silicon dioxide is embedded below. To run the notebook, click on the "Run All" button. | ||
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{% with origin_url=config.extra.jupyterlite.origin_url %} | ||
{% with notebooks_path_root=config.extra.jupyterlite.notebooks_path_root %} | ||
{% with notebook_name='specific_examples/interface_3d_2d_graphene_silicon_dioxide.ipynb' %} | ||
{% include 'jupyterlite_embed.html' %} | ||
{% endwith %} | ||
{% endwith %} | ||
{% endwith %} | ||
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## References. | ||
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1. **Yong-Ju Kang, Joongoo Kang, and K. J. Chang** | ||
"Electronic structure of graphene and doping effect on SiO2" | ||
Physical Review B 78, 115404 (2008) | ||
[DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115404](https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115404) | ||
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2. **Arjun Dahala and Matthias Batzill** | ||
"Graphene–nickel interfaces: a review" | ||
Nanoscale 6, 2548-2562 (2014) | ||
[DOI: 10.1039/C3NR05279F](https://doi.org/10.1039/C3NR05279F) | ||
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## Tags. | ||
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`graphene`, `silicon dioxide`, `interface`, `2D`,`3D`, `oxygen`, `termination` |
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