memlife

Memory that degrades gracefully. Not another pile that grows forever.

Current version: 0.6.13

memlife is a four-tier lifecycle memory system for AI agents. Instead of treating memory as a monotonically growing database, every entry has a lifecycle — facts decay, journal entries retire, superseded data is pruned, and nothing accumulates forever.

The four tiers:

• Episodes — raw events (what happened)
• Facts — durable truths (what I know)
• Journal — reflected beliefs (what I believe)
• Decay/Prune — confidence fades, stale entries retire, GC cleans up

Why memlife

Every other memory system accumulates. Facts never expire. Confidence never decays. Stale conventions become unquestioned truths. Recall quality degrades over time.

memlife solves this. Memory should be like human memory — it fades, it gets revised, it gets pruned. Not a database that grows until it breaks.

Install

pip install memlife

With adapters (optional):

pip install memlife[ollama]       # Ollama embedder + chat
pip install memlife[openai]       # OpenAI embedder + chat
pip install memlife[sentence-transformers]  # Local embeddings
pip install memlife[mcp]          # MCP server

Quickstart (30 seconds, zero dependencies)

import asyncio
from memlife import MemoryStore, MemoryConfig, DummyEmbedder

async def main():
    store = MemoryStore(
        config=MemoryConfig(db_path="./memlife.db", embedding_model="dummy"),
        embedder=DummyEmbedder(),
    )

    # Store an episode (something happened)
    store.remember(task="User asked about deployment", outcome="success")

    # Store a fact (durable truth)
    await store.store_fact("User deploys via GitHub Actions", confidence=0.8)

    # Store an entity relationship (fact-like but structured)
    store.store_triple("User", "deploys_via", "GitHub Actions", confidence=0.8)

    # Retrieve relevant memories (unified scoring across all layers)
    context = await store.retrieve("deployment")
    print(context)

    store.close()

asyncio.run(main())

No Ollama, no OpenAI, no API key. The DummyEmbedder uses bag-of-words vectors — similar sentences get positive cosine similarity. The full lifecycle — store, retrieve, decay, GC, and entity graph — works without any LLM. Only structured extraction and reflection need a model.

The Lifecycle

┌───────────┐     reflection      ┌───────────┐
│  EPISODE  │ ──────────────────▶│  JOURNAL  │
│  (event)  │   LLM synthesises   │ (belief)  │
└─────┬─────┘   observations &   └─────┬─────┘
│  extract triples   │
      │                                 │
      │ store_fact() / store_triple()  │ confidence decay
      ▼                                 │ (configurable)
┌───────────┐    recall bumps    ┌─────▼─────┐
│   FACT    │ ◀────────────────  │  RETIRE   │
│  (truth)  │   confidence +0.05 │ (floor)   │
└─────┬─────┘                    └─────┬─────┘
│    │
│    │ entity graph (triples)
│    ▼
┌───────────────┐
│ TRIPLE / GRAPH│
│(subject-pred- │
│ object + prov)│
└───────┬───────┘
      │
      │ revise / supersede             │ GC prunes
      ▼                                ▼
┌───────────┐                   ┌───────────┐
│ SUPERSEDED│  configurable     │  PRUNED   │
│ (replaced)│ ──────────────────▶│ (deleted) │
└───────────┘   retention       └───────────┘

UNIFIED SCORE = relevance × confidence × recency
Applied across ALL layers before every response.

NO-LLM MODE: store + retrieve + decay + GC + entity graph work
without any model. Only reflection and structured extraction need an LLM.

No-LLM Mode

The store, retrieval, decay, GC, entity graph, and embedding versioning all work without any LLM. Only the reflection loop and structured extraction need a model.

from memlife import MemoryStore, MemoryConfig

store = MemoryStore(config=MemoryConfig(db_path="./memlife.db"))
store.remember(task="something happened", outcome="success")

# retrieve() is async — use SyncMemoryStore or asyncio.run():
import asyncio
context = asyncio.run(store.retrieve("something"))
store.close()

This makes memlife useful for testing, offline agents, and lightweight deployments where you don't want to manage model access.

Core Concepts

Episodes

Episodes are raw events. They're cheap to store and useful for recall, but the system doesn't treat them as durable truth. Over time, reflection can promote observations from episodes into facts or journal entries.

store.remember(
    task="User asked about deployment",
    outcome="success",
    confidence=0.9,
)

Facts

Facts are durable truths with explicit confidence. They decay on disuse, get bumped on recall, and can be revised or superseded.

await store.store_fact("User deploys via GitHub Actions", confidence=0.8)

Entity Graph (Triples)

Structured relationships between entities. Triples behave like facts but participate in graph traversal.

store.store_triple("User", "deploys_via", "GitHub Actions", confidence=0.8)

Journal

The journal holds reflected beliefs — higher-level observations the system synthesises from episodes and facts during reflection.

await store.reflect()  # or schedule it

Decay, Retirement, and GC

Confidence decays over time. Entries that fall below a floor retire. Superseded entries age out. Garbage collection prunes them according to retention policy. Everything is configurable.

Retrieval

retrieve() scores across all four tiers using a unified function:

score = relevance × confidence × recency

This means a highly relevant but low-confidence memory won't drown out a moderately relevant, high-confidence, recent one. The result is a blended context string ready to feed into a prompt.

context = await store.retrieve("deployment")

Configuration

from memlife import MemoryConfig

config = MemoryConfig(
    db_path="./memlife.db",
    embedding_model="dummy",          # or "nomic-embed-text", etc.
    vector_backend="json",              # json | binary | sqlite_vec
    reflection_timeout=120.0,             # per-LLM-call timeout during reflection
    journal_decay_halflife_days=30.0,
    journal_decay_floor=0.15,
    namespace="default",
)

See MemoryConfig for the full set of options.

MCP Server

memlife ships with an MCP server so any MCP-compatible client can use it:

memlife-mcp-server --db-path ./memlife.db --vector-backend binary

Tools exposed include memory_store, memory_search, memory_search_journal, memory_search_episodes, memory_retrieve, memory_revise, memory_expire, memory_reflect, memory_gc, memory_vacuum, memory_store_triple, memory_search_triples, and memory_entity_neighbors.

Resources include memlife://stats, memlife://health, and memlife://contradictions.

Note: PyPI vs GitHub main — The --log-tool-calls flag ships in the current PyPI release (0.5.5 and later). If you are still on 0.5.4, omit --log-tool-calls from your MCP server command.

Windows / cloud-sync caveat: Do not point data_dir at a OneDrive, Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud, or other cloud-sync folder, or at a network share. SQLite WAL mode keeps -wal and -shm sidecar files next to the database that are constantly rewritten; sync clients and real-time antivirus scanners can lock or corrupt those files, causing "database is locked" or checksum errors. Use a local, non-synced directory. If you still see locking errors on Windows, set sqlite_journal_mode="DELETE" in MemoryConfig to disable WAL mode.

What's new in 0.6.13

• Critical fix: MemoryConfig.fact_merge_threshold / fact_conflict_threshold are now honoured by the store. Previously the store hardcoded 0.90/0.75 while the Reflector correctly read the config values, so deduplication and conflict detection could disagree. The store now sources both thresholds from MemoryConfig.
• JSONL export/import now covers the full schema. export_jsonl / import_jsonl previously only handled episodes, facts, journal, and sessions, silently dropping the entity graph (temporal_triples, entities, entity_aliases, triple_provenance), reflection history (agent_runs, checkpoints, reflection_queue, reflection_metrics, reflection_passes), the embedding cache, the episode_tools index, and the is_gap_marker flag. A regression test now asserts every schema table is represented in an export.

What's new in 0.6.12

• MemoryConfig.from_env() validates environment configuration before returning.
• retrieve() logs and counts recall-path failures instead of silently swallowing them.
• Vector backend delete() rejects unknown table kinds via an explicit allowlist.
• MCP server supports --chat-adapter {ollama,openai} for non-Ollama reflection endpoints.
• Polyphonic recall counters now report source attribution per fused candidate.

What's new in 0.6.11

• GitHub Actions now tests Python 3.11 and 3.12 only; the obsolete Python 3.10 job has been removed.

What's new in 0.6.10

• Minimum Python version is now 3.11. memlife no longer supports Python 3.10, so the typing_extensions compatibility shim added in 0.6.8 has been removed.

What's new in 0.6.9

• (Superseded by 0.6.10; the Python 3.11 minimum is now documented above.)

What's new in 0.6.8

• Hardened _LockedConn thread-safety contract: cursors are now returned as context-managed _LockedCursor proxies that hold the store lock for their entire lifetime, and row_factory, isolation_level, and text_factory access is serialised through the same lock.
• Added PRAGMA allowlist validation in MemoryConfig and MemoryStore._set_pragma() so journal_mode and other PRAGMA values are checked before any SQL interpolation.
• Audited remaining cursor-iteration sites in _gc.py, _triples.py, and _schema.py to use explicit cursors or .fetchall() so cursors never outlive the lock.

What's new in 0.6.7

• Fixed a silent gap in graph-integrated retrieval: lowercase queries now match stored entities and aliases. Previously retrieve("james") would not follow graph links for an entity stored as "James" because the query parser only recognised capitalised proper nouns. The extractor is still used for discovering new entities, but retrieval now also scans the query against known entity names and aliases case-insensitively.
• Added a regression test for lowercase entity queries in graph retrieval.

What's new in 0.6.6

• Fixed a case-sensitivity bug in triple queries: triples_about, triples_from, triples_to, current_truth, truth_as_of, and entity_neighbors now resolve entities case-insensitively and via aliases, matching the insertion path. Querying "james" returns triples stored under "James" or its alias "Jimmy".
• Added a regression test covering mixed-case entity queries and alias resolution.

What's new in 0.6.5

• Fixed an infinite-loop bug in embedding-cache GC: when the first batch of cache rows were all still referenced, the old LIMIT/OFFSET-less scan would fetch the same rows forever. GC now uses keyset pagination by cache_key.
• Embedding-cache lookup and storage are now batched, cutting round-trips from O(N) per text to 1–2 per batch.
• Auto-extracted entity mention triples and aliases are now committed in a single transaction instead of one commit per entity.
• GC output from the MCP memory_gc tool now includes mention-triple pruning, embedding-cache unreferenced rows, and LRU eviction counts.
• Tool-call dedup eviction in the MCP server is now guarded by a lock to avoid a latent race under concurrent tool threads.

What's new in 0.6.4

• Synchronised main branch with the 0.6.2 and 0.6.3 release tags so the GitHub source tree and README match PyPI.

What's new in 0.6.3

• README now reports the current version and includes a consolidated "What's New" section.
• memlife.__version__ and pyproject.toml version metadata are kept in sync with releases.

What's new in 0.6.2

• Graph relationship traversal now follows incoming edges as well as outgoing edges, so querying an entity that appears as the object of a relationship discovers related sources.
• Entity canonicalisation is case-insensitive when creating or ensuring entities. Manual store_triple("James", ...) reuses an auto-extracted canonical entity "james" instead of creating a duplicate "James" node.
• MemoryStore.retrieve() and SyncMemoryStore.retrieve() now accept debug=True and return the structured debug dict.
• SyncMemoryStore.store_mention_triple() added for parity with the async MemoryStore API.
• Regression test suite for graph-integrated retrieval added (tests/test_graph_retrieval.py).

What's new in 0.6.1

• _schema._migrate() now re-reads journal columns before adding annotations_json / links_json, making migration idempotent on partially-migrated databases.
• FactStore.check_conflicts() keyword fallback now respects fact_conflict_threshold instead of hardcoding 0.5.
• Graph-integrated retrieval now scales graph_signal by the confidence of the strongest currently-valid linking triple, rather than giving every linked candidate a flat 1.0 boost.
• Graph retrieval no longer surfaces superseded facts, retired/superseded journal entries, or contradiction rows.
• retrieve() now skips vector-recalled episodes that were already added via graph expansion, avoiding duplicate episode candidates.
• Graph expansion failures are caught and logged instead of crashing the whole retrieval call.
• Polyphonic recall now runs RRF only on candidates that passed the score cutoff, so cutoff configuration remains meaningful.
• Debug output now includes the actual triples that produced a graph link in graph_triples.

What's new in 0.6.0

• Embedding cache — content-addressable, LRU-capped embedding cache.
• Automatic entity extraction — deterministic, zero-LLM extraction of entities from facts, episodes, and journal entries.
• Graph-integrated retrieval — retrieve() boosts candidates linked to entities mentioned in the query.

What's new in 0.5.5

• Version consistency. memlife.__version__ now matches pyproject.toml (0.5.5).
• README accuracy. The MCP server tool list now lists only implemented tools and clarifies that memlife://contradictions is a resource, not a tool. The MemoryConfig example now uses real fields (reflection_timeout, journal_decay_halflife_days, journal_decay_floor).
• Bounded tool-call logging cache. The in-memory dedup dict used by --log-tool-calls is capped so long-running MCP servers cannot grow it without bound.
• Idempotent MCP shutdown. shutdown_mcp_server() now guards against double runs so SIGTERM and atexit cannot both attempt cleanup.
• Windows namespace case-collision hardening. list_namespaces() now normalizes directory names to lowercase and warns/ignores mixed-case duplicates, preventing two directories that resolve to the same database from appearing as separate namespaces on case-insensitive filesystems.
• Cloud-sync path warning. memlife now logs a warning when data_dir resolves under a known cloud-sync folder (OneDrive, Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud, etc.) because sync clients can lock or corrupt SQLite WAL sidecar files.
• Windows sqlite-vec fallback verified. The store already falls back from sqlite_vec to json gracefully when extension loading is unavailable. On Windows, where pysqlite3-binary is not installed, this fallback uses the stdlib sqlite3 module and continues to work.

What's new in 0.5.4

• MCP reflection timeout controls. memlife-mcp-server now exposes --reflection-timeout and --reflection-total-timeout so reflection stays within the MCP client's window on slower LLM endpoints.
• README tool list refreshed. The MCP server tool list now matches the actually implemented tools, including memory_recall, memory_revise, and memory_expire.
• Memorias and polyphonic feature flags. --memorias-extraction and --polyphonic-recall can now be enabled from the MCP server CLI.
• Episode search by tool name. memory_search_episodes now accepts a tool_name filter, making it easier to audit how a specific tool was used.
• Vector backend default cleanup. --vector-backend now defaults to json explicitly, with clearer precedence when legacy flags are also supplied.

What's new in 0.5.3

• Config validation regression fixed. MemoryConfig.validate() now runs all invariant checks even when vector_backend is left at its default auto value. Previously the default of None caused validation to return early, skipping decay and threshold checks.
• Binary backend no longer loses JSON-stored vectors. BinaryVectorBackend deserialisation now falls back to JSON format for rows stored before the backend was switched, so changing from json to binary on an existing store does not make old vectors invisible to search.

What's new in 0.5.2

• Binary vector backend is now used for retrieval. Previously the backend was selectable but recall still used inline cosine. Fact, episode, and journal vector recall now route through the configured backend, so binary uses Hamming distance search and sqlite_vec uses sqlite-vec KNN.
• Vector backend precedence is centralised. MemoryConfig.resolved_vector_backend() gives a clear order: explicit vector_backend > use_binary_vectors > use_sqlite_vec > json default. Both legacy flags at once now resolve to binary with a warning, instead of silently depending on if/else order.
• MCP server shutdown is clean. The shutdown path now closes the store, embedder, chat adapter, and reflector, and SIGTERM exits the process after cleanup instead of hanging.
• Ollama adapters no longer create sessions before a loop exists. Sessions are created lazily on first async call, avoiding RuntimeError when the embedder/chat is instantiated outside an event loop.

What's new in 0.5.1

• memlife-mcp-server now accepts --vector-backend {json,sqlite_vec,binary}.

• Pluggable vector backends. Swap between JSON, binary, and sqlite-vec backends with a single config change. The new binary backend stores embeddings as bit-packed vectors for ~32x smaller storage, while sqlite-vec provides fast approximate nearest neighbours when the extension is available.

• Public Metrics snapshot. store.metrics() returns a structured snapshot of counts, embedding coverage, reflection aggregates, recall counters, DB metadata, and schema migration health. Exposed via the memlife://stats MCP resource.

• Schema migration status. store.migration_status() checks whether the database has all expected tables and columns, flags missing items, and reports SQLite version and page stats. Surfaces in Metrics so operators can detect a stale schema before it breaks.

• pysqlite3 fallback for sqlite-vec. On interpreters whose stdlib sqlite3 is compiled without extension loading, memlife transparently falls back to pysqlite3 so sqlite-vec can still load.

• Reflection audit trail. Reflection passes are recorded with proposed, kept, and dropped items, plus timing and model metadata. Paginated audit queries help debug what the reflection loop is actually doing.

• Namespace default and validation hardening. The default namespace is now _default, names are validated/normalized before any DB is opened, and the config fails fast on unknown vector backends or unsafe paths.

License

MIT