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🛠 Plumbing Commands

git hash-object <file> ✅

• Creates a blob object from file content and writes its SHA-1 to stdout.
• ❌ Reject directories or missing files.

git cat-file -t|-p <oid> ✅

• -t: Print object type.
• -p: Pretty-print blob/tree/commit content.
• ❌ Reject invalid OIDs or missing options.

git write-tree ✅

• Create a tree object from the staging area.
• Writes SHA-1 of the tree to stdout.

git commit-tree <tree_sha> -m "msg" [-p <parent>] ✅

• Creates a commit object pointing to a tree (and parent commit if any) and writes its oid to stdout
• Requires -m message.
• ❌ No annotated tags.

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🧑‍💻 Porcelain Commands

git init [<dir>] ✅

• Initializes a Git repository in the given directory.
• Create .git/objects, .git/refs/heads, HEAD, and minimal config

git add <file>… ✅

• Adds files to the staging area (not directories).
• ❌ No -p, no wildcards.

git rm <file>… ✅

• Removes a file from working directory and index.

git commit -m "msg" ✅

• Runs write-tree, creates a commit with HEAD as parent.
• ❌ No editor or message prompt.

git status ✅

• Shows staged and unstaged changes.

git checkout [-b] <branch|sha> ✅

• Switch to existing commit or branch.
• -b <branch> creates a new branch.
• Change HEAD, update working dir, check for conflicts

git reset [--soft|--mixed|--hard] <sha>

• --soft: move HEAD
• --mixed: + reset index
• --hard: + reset working directory
• ❌ No file-specific reset.

git log ✅

• Print commit history from HEAD (one-line summary ok).

git ls-files ✅

• List all files in the index.

git ls-tree <tree_sha> ✅

• List contents of a tree object.

git rev-parse <ref> ✅

• Convert ref/branch/HEAD into SHA-1.
• ❌ No complex selectors

git show-ref ✅

• List all refs and their hashes.

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🧠 Advanced Feature: Merge Support

git merge <branch|sha>

• Perform 3-way merge and create a merge commit with 2 parents.
• On conflict: insert <<<<<<<, =======, >>>>>>> markers into file(s).
• ❌ No rebase, squash, or fast-forward-only merges.

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📄 Gitignore ✅

• Handle .gitignore
• Use simple glob-style matching (e.g., *.log, build/)
• ❌ No negation or nested .gitignore files.

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🏗 Index Implementation

• You are free to implement the index your way.
• ✅ Bonus if it matches Git’s format closely.

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❌ Out of Scope

• git push and git update-index are NOT required.
• No support for remotes, rebase, tags, or stashing.

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✅ Deliverables

• A working implementation of the listed commands.
• Tests and example usage for each.
• Clean error handling for all unsupported cases.

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⏱ Time Estimate

• Total time: 6–9 days
• Use AI if needed, but understand what you're coding.

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