Java Basics - Loops and Conditionas

Introduction

In this exercise, you will use loops and conditionals to solve a series of problems. You will use provided unit tests to verify that your solutions are correct.

There are two sets of required exercises in this project: conditional exercises and loop exercises. You will find the exercises in the src/main/java/org/example folder.

There is also an optional set of challenges that involve extending a simple program called JavaCafe. You will find the JavaCafe class in the src/main/java/org/example folder.

Conditional Exercises (Required)

You will find the conditional exercises in the src/main/java/org/example/ConditionalExercises.java file.

Each method in this class is a conditional exercise. You will need to implement the method to solve the problem described in the comments within the method.

1. lessThanFive(int number) - Given a number, return true if the number is less than 5, false otherwise.
2. getAgeGroup(int age) - Given an age, return the age group based on the following criteria:
   • 0-12: Child
   • 13-19: Teen
   • 20-64: Adult
3. isValidPassword(String password) - Given a password, return true if the password is valid, false otherwise. A valid password must:
   • Be at least 8 characters long

Once you have completed the exercises, run the tests in the src/test/java/org/example/ConditionalExercisesTests.java file to verify that your solutions are correct.

To run these tests, right-click on the ConditionalExercisesTests class and select Run 'ConditionalExercisesTests'.

You will see the results of the tests in the Run tab at the bottom of the IDE. Yellow means the test failed, green means the test passed. You should see all green checkmarks if your solutions are correct.

Loop Exercises (Required)

You will find the loop exercises in the src/main/java/org/example/LoopExercises.java file.

Each method in this class is a loop exercise. You will need to implement the method to solve the problem described in the comments within the method.

1. sum(int n) - Given a number n, return the sum of all numbers from 1 to n.
2. sumUntilEven(int n) - Given a number n, return the sum of all numbers from 1 to n, stopping when an even number is reached.

Once you have completed the exercises, run the tests in the src/test/java/org/example/LoopExercisesTests.java file to verify that your solutions are correct.

You can run these tests in the same way as the conditional exercises described above.

You can also run ALL tests in this project by right-clicking on the java folder and selecting Run 'All Tests'.

## Java Cafe Challenges (Optional)

A class named JavaCafe is included in this project to show a larger example of loops and conditionals to create a simple nested menu system for a restaurant. If you right-click on the Main class and select Run 'Main', you can see the program in action.

You are encouraged to explore and review the JavaCafe class to see how loops and conditionals can be used together to create a more complex program. Notice the use of loops to create a menu that repeats until the user chooses to exit, and the use of conditionals to handle different user choices.

Listed below are some optional challenges that you can take on to extend the JavaCafe program. These challenges are optional and are meant to be more challenging than the exercises above. These challenges are meant to stretch your understanding and application of the concepts so far. Do not be discouraged if you find them difficult or fail to complete them. The important thing is to try and learn from the experience.

Challenge #1

Add a new menu item to the JavaCafe class that allows the user to browse and add desserts to their order. You will need to add a new method to the JavaCafe class to handle this new menu item.

Note

As you take on this challenge, you will likely end up solving it in a way that involves copying or referencing code that is already present. You may even find that some of the syntax or logic that you are copying is not code that you fully understand. This is normal! An important part of learning to code is to sometimes work with unfamiliar code and concepts and to learn by doing.

Challenge #2

Add a variable to the JavaCafe class that keeps track of the total cost of the user's order. Update the program to display a cost on each item, and track the total cost as the user adds items to their order.

Challenge #3

Add a new menu item to the JavaCafe class that allows the user to remove items from their order. Don't forget to update the total cost when an item is removed.