Update Effacement de données sur supports de stockage magnétique.html

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 <div id='write'  class=' first-line-indent'><h1 id='effacement-de-données-sur-supports-de-stockage-magnétique'><span>Effacement de données sur supports de stockage magnétique</span></h1><p><span>Par Adrien Ferron / lacapsule.org / Fédération régionale des reconditionneurs bretons OGO 2024</span></p><h2 id='détection-de-disque'><span>Détection de disque</span></h2><p><span>Avant de lancer une procédure de destruction, il est nécessaire d&#39;identifier les disques.</span></p><h3 id='utilitaire-fdisk'><span>Utilitaire </span><code>fdisk</code></h3><p><span>Ceci peut se faire par le biais de la commande suivante :</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">sudo</span> fdisk <span class="cm-attribute">-l</span> </span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 26px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 26px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Le retour de cette commande doit être semblable à celui-ci :</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Disque /dev/sda : <span class="cm-number">931</span>,51 GiB, <span class="cm-number">1000204886016</span> octets, <span class="cm-number">1953525168</span> secteurs</span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Disk model: Samsung SSD <span class="cm-number">870</span> </span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Unités : secteur de <span class="cm-number">1</span> × <span class="cm-number">512</span> <span class="cm-operator">=</span> <span class="cm-number">512</span> octets</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Taille de secteur (logique / physique) : <span class="cm-number">512</span> octets / <span class="cm-number">512</span> octets</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">taille d<span class="cm-string">'E/S (minimale / optimale) : 512 octets / 512 octets</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Type d<span class="cm-string">'étiquette de disque : dos</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Identifiant de disque : 0xd535506e</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 208px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 208px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>D&#39;autres utilitaires peuvent permettre l&#39;identification des disques :</span></p><h3 id='utilitaire-blkid'><span>Utilitaire </span><code>blkid</code></h3><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">blkid</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 26px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 26px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Le retour de cette commande doit être semblable à celui-ci :</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">/dev/mmcblk0p1: <span class="cm-def">LABEL_FATBOOT</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"EOS_DIGITAL"</span> <span class="cm-def">LABEL</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"EOS_DIGITAL"</span> <span class="cm-def">UUID</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"120E-0C64"</span> <span class="cm-def">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"512"</span> <span class="cm-def">TYPE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"vfat"</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">/dev/sda2: <span class="cm-def">LABEL_FATBOOT</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"DATA"</span> <span class="cm-def">LABEL</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"DATA"</span> <span class="cm-def">UUID</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"A44A-035A"</span> <span class="cm-def">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"512"</span> <span class="cm-def">TYPE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"vfat"</span> <span class="cm-def">PARTUUID</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"d535506e-02"</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">/dev/sda1: <span class="cm-def">UUID</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"d4c8b862-7d36-4717-a4da-c2444dedc2e1"</span> <span class="cm-def">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"4096"</span> <span class="cm-def">TYPE</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"ext4"</span> <span class="cm-def">PARTUUID</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">"d535506e-01"</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 156px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 156px;"></div></div></div></pre><h2 id='destruction-de-données'><span>Destruction de données</span></h2><p><span>Pour détruire les données d&#39;un disque dur magnétique, il est possible d&#39;utiliser l&#39;utilitaire suivant :</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">sudo</span> <span class="cm-builtin">shred</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-n</span> <span class="cm-number">3</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-z</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-u</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-v</span> /dev/sdX</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 26px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 26px;"></div></div></div></pre><h2 id='vérification-de-la-bonne-destruction-des-données'><span>Vérification de la bonne destruction des données</span></h2><p><span>Afin de vérifier la bonne réussite du protocole de destruction, il est nécessaire de le brancher et vérifier la présence d&#39;une table de partition.</span></p><p><span>Par la suite, une recherche approfondie peut être effectuée grâce à l&#39;utilitaire TestDisk de Christophe Grenier (CGSecurity).</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="bash"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 11px; left: 4px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">sudo</span> testdisk </span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 26px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 26px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>Si aucun de ces tests ne permettent de monter une partition ou de récupérer la table antérieure, le disque est considéré comme étant clair. </span></p></div></div>
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