Added Python solution for sqrt problem

code/online_challenges/src/leetcode/Sqrt(x)/Sqrt(x).py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Part of Cosmos by OpenGenus Foundation
+
+def sqrt(x: int) -> int:
+
+    """
+    Returns the integer square root of x.
+    Example: print(sqrt(16)) => 4
+    """
+
+    if x < 2:
+        return x
+
+    left, right = 1, x // 2
+
+    while left <= right:
+
+        mid = (left + right) // 2
+
+        if mid * mid == x:
+            return mid
+
+        elif mid * mid < x:
+            left = mid + 1
+
+        else:
+            right = mid - 1
+
+    return right