Releases: SSSD/sssd
Releases · SSSD/sssd
Release list
sssd-1.16.5
SSSD 1.16.5
Highlights
New Features
- New option ad_gpo_ignore_unreadable was added that allows SSSD to ignore unreadable GPO containers in AD.
- It is possible to configure auto_private_groups per subdomain or with subdomain_inherit.
Security issues fixed
- A flaw was found in sssd Group Policy Objects implementation. When the GPO is not readable by SSSD due to a too strict permission settings on the server side, SSSD will allow all authenticated users to login instead of denying access. (CVE-2018-16838)
Notable bug fixes
- Multiple URI specified in ldap_uri did not work properly if they differed only in port number.
- Several issues with SUDO rules processing have been fixed.
- SSSD sometimes incorrectly started in offline mode. This was fixed.
- Issue with missing nested groups after add/remove operation on the sever was fixed.
- A use-after-free error causing SSSD service to crash was fixed.
sssd-2.2.3
SSSD 2.2.3
Highlights
New features
- allow_missing_name now treats empty strings the same as missing names.
- 'soft_ocsp' and 'soft_crl options have been added to make the checks for revoked certificates more flexible if the system is offline.
- Smart card authentication in polkit is now allowed by default.
- ssh_use_certificate_matching_rules now allows no_rules and all_rules values (see man page for description).
Notable bug fixes
- Fixed several memory management errors that caused SSSD to crash under some circumstances.
- Handling of FreeIPA users and groups containing '@' sign now works.
- Issue when autofs was unable to mount shares was fixed.
- SSSD was unable to hande ldap_uri containing URIs with different port numbers. This was fixed.
Packaging Changes
- Added sssd-ldap-attributes man page.
Documentation Changes
- Added new sssd-ldap-attributes man page.
- Added option monitor_resolv_conf.
- Added option ssh_use_certificate_matching_rules
- Improved AD GPO options man page.
- Improved sssd-systemtap man page.
sssd-2.2.2
SSSD 2.2.2
Highlights
New features
None
Notable bug fixes
- Removing domain from ad_enabled_domain was not reflected in SSSD's cache. This has been fixed.
- Because of a race condition SSSD could crash during shutdown. The race condition was fixed.
- Fixed a bug that limited number of external groups fetched by SSSD to 2000.
- pam_sss now properly creates gnome keyring during login.
- SSSD with KCM could wrongly pick older ccache instead of the latest one after login. This was fixed.
Packaging Changes
None
Documentation Changes
None
sssd-2.2.1
SSSD 2.2.1
Highlights
New features
- New options were added which allow sssd-kcm to handle bigger data. See manual pages for
max_ccaches,max_uid_cachesandmax_ccache_size. - SSSD can now automatically refresh cached user data from subdomains in IPA/AD trust.
Notable bug fixes
- Fixed issue with SSSD hanging when connecting to non-responsive server with ldaps://
- SSSD is now restarted by systemd after crashes.
- Fixed refression when dyndns_update was set to True and dyndns_refresh_interval was not set or set to 0 then DNS records were not updated at all.
- Fixed issue when
default_domain_suffixwas used withid_provider = filesand caused all results from files domain to be fully qualified. - Fixed issue with sudo rules not being visible on OpenLDAP servers
- Fixed crash with
auth_provider = proxythat prevented logins
Packaging Changes
None
Documentation Changes
A new option dns_resolver_server_timeout was added A new option max_ccaches was added A new option max_uid_ccaches was added A new option max_ccache_size was added A new option ocsp_dgst was added
sssd-2.2.0
SSSD 2.2.0
Highlights
New features
- The Kerberos provider (and composite authentication providers based on it, like AD or IPA) can now include more KDC addresses or host names when writing data for the Kerberos locator plugin (see
sssd_krb5_locator_plugin(8)). This means that Kerberos client applications, such askinitwould be able to switch between multiple KDC servers discovered by SSSD. Please see description of the optionkrb5_kdcinfo_lookaheadin thesssd-krb5(5)manual page for more information or refer to the design page (#3973, #3974, #3975) - The 2FA prompting can now be configured. The administrator can set custom prompts for first or second factor or select a single prompt for both factors. This can be configured per-service. Please see the section called "Prompting configuration" in the
sssd.conf(5)manual page for more details or refer to the design page (#3264). - The LDAP authentication provider now allows to use a different method of changing LDAP passwords using a modify operation in addition to the default extended operation. This is meant to support old LDAP servers that do not implement the extended operation. The password change using the modification operation can be selected with
ldap_pwmodify_mode = "ldap_modify". More information can also be found in the design page (#1314) - The
auto_private_groupsconfiguration option now takes a new valuehybrid. This mode autogenerates private groups for user entries where the UID and GID values have the same value and at the same time the GID value does not correspond to a real group entry in LDAP (#3822) - A new option
ad_gpo_ignore_unreadablewas added. This option, which defaults to false, can be used to ignore group policy containers in AD with unreadable or missing attributes. This is for the case when server contains GPOs that have very strict permissions on their attributes in AD but are unrelated to access control (#3867) - The
cached_auth_timeoutparameter is now inherited by trusted domains (#3960). The pre-authentication request is now cached as well when this option is in effect (#3960) - The
ldap_sasl_mechoption now accepts another mechanismGSS-SPNEGOin addition toGSSAPI. Using SPNEGO might be preferable with newer Active Directory servers especially with hardened configurations. SSSD might switch to using SPNEGO by default in a future release (#4006) - The
sssctltool has two new commandscert-showandcert-mapwhich can help in troubleshooting Smart-Card and in general user certificate related issues
Notable bug fixes
- A potential race condition between SSSD receiving a notification to try switching to online mode and the network being actually reachable is now handled better. SSSD now tries to go online three times with an increasing delay between online checks up to 4s (#3467).
- A potential deadlock in user resolution when the IPA provider fetches the keytab used to authenticate to a trusted AD domain was fixed (#3992)
- When checking if objects that cannot be looked up exist locally and thus should be added to a negative cache with a longer negative TTL (see
local_negative_timeoutinsssd.conf(5)), the blocking NSS API is no longer used. The blocking calls which might have caused a timeout especially during SSSD startup (#3963) - Some cache attributes used by the Kerberos ticket renewal code are now indexed, which speeds up the cache searches which might have otherwise caused SSSD to appear blocked and killed by the internal watchdog (#3968)
- Cached objects from an Active Directory domain trusted by an IPA domain that no longer exist on the server are now properly removed from the cache (#3984)
- The
sudoRunAsUser/Groupnow work correctly with an IPA configuration that also uses thedomain_resolution_order, either set locally or centrally (#3957) - Certificates that are completely missing the Key Usage (KU) certificate extension are now handled gracefully (rhbz#1660899)
- The sudo smart refresh (see man
sssd-sudo) now correctly uses the highest USN number, which results in more efficient queries (#3997) - The
pam_sssmodule now returns PAM_USER_UNKNOWN if the PAM socket is missing completely. This could have been the case if SSSD is running with the files domain only and a user resolved by a completely different PAM module logs in (#3988) - Netgroups lookups now honor the midpoint refresh interval set by
cache_refresh_percent(#3947) - The list of users or groups from the
filter_users/filter_groupslists which will be negatively cached, avoiding lookups of those entries, are now correctly evaluated for domains that are discovered after sssd had started (#3983). These lists can also now include UPNs (#3978) - The IPA access provider no longer fails if the configuration file completely disables dereference by setting
ldap_deref_threshold=0(#3979) - The
sss_cachetool does not print loud warnings in case the sssd cache cannot be written to, typically this was occuring when/varwas mounted read-only during anrpm-ostreeupdate. - The command line tools such as
sssctlcan now operate on the implicit files domain (#3769) - The files and proxy provider no longer crash on receiving a request to go online, which they don't implement (#4014)
- A potential crash in the online check callback was fixed (#3990)
- The winbind ID-mapping plugin now works with recent Samba releases again (#4005)
Packaging Changes
None
Documentation Changes
- A new option
ad_gpo_ignore_unreadablewas added - A new option
krb5_kdcinfo_lookaheadwas added - A new option
ldap_pwmodify_modewas added - The option
ldap_sasl_mechnow accepts a new valueGSS-SPNEGO - The option
auto_private_groupsnow accepts a new valuehybrid - Multi-factor prompting can now be configured in a separate section called
[prompting]
sssd-1.16.4
SSSD 1.16.4
Highlights
New Features
- The list of PAM services which are allowed to authenticate using a Smart Card is now configurable using a new option
pam_p11_allowed_services. (#2926) - A new configuration option
ad_gpo_implicit_denywas added. This option (when set to True) can be used to deny access to users even if there is not applicable GPO. Normally users are allowed access in this situation. (#3701) - The LDAP authentication provider now allows to use a different method of changing LDAP passwords using a modify operation in addition to the default extended operation. This is meant to support old LDAP servers that do not implement the extended operation. The password change using the modification operation can be selected with
ldap_pwmodify_mode = "ldap_modify"(#1314) - The
auto_private_groupsconfiguration option now takes a new valuehybrid. This mode autogenerates private groups for user entries where the UID and GID values have the same value and at the same time the GID value does not correspond to a real group entry in LDAP (#3822)
Security issues fixed
- CVE-2019-3811: SSSD used to return "/" in case a user entry had no home directory. This was deemed a security issue because this flaw could impact services that restrict the user's filesystem access to within their home directory. An empty home directory field would indicate "no filesystem access", where sssd reporting it as "/" would grant full access (though still confined by unix permissions, SELinux etc).
Notable bug fixes
- The IPA provider, in a setup with a trusted Active Directory domain, did not remove cached entries that were no longer present on the AD side (#3984)
- The Active Directory provider now fetches the user information from the LDAP port and switches to using the Global Catalog port, if available for the group membership. This fixes an issue where some attributes which are not available in the Global Catalog, typically the home directory, would be removed from the user entry. (#2474)
- The IPA SELinux provider now sets the user login context even if it is the same as the system default. This is important in case the user has a non-standard home directory, because then only adding the user to the SELinux database ensures the home directory will be labeled properly. However, this fix causes a performance hit during the first login as the context must be written into the semanage database.
- The sudo responder did not reflect the case_sensitive domain option (#3820)
- A memory leak when requesting netgroups repeatedly was fixed (#3870)
- An issue that caused SSSD to sometimes switch to offline mode in case not all domains in the forest ran the Global Catalog service was fixed (#3902)
- The SSH responder no longer fails completely if the
p11_childtimes out when deriving SSH keys from a certificate (#3937) - The negative cache was not reloaded after new sub domains were discovered which could have lead to a high SSSD load (#3683)
- The negative cache did not work properly for in case a lookup fell back to trying a UPN instead of a name (#3978)
- If any of the SSSD responders was too busy, that responder wouldn't have refreshed the trusted domain list (#3967)
- A potential crash due to a race condition between the fail over code refreshing a SRV lookup and back end using its results (#3976)
- Sudo's runAsUser and runAsGroup attributes did not match properly when used in setups with domain_resolution_order
- Processing of the values from the
filter_usersorfilter_groupsoptions could trigger calls to blocking NSS API functions which could in turn prevent the startup of SSSD services in case nsswitch.conf contained other modules thansssorfiles(#3963)
sssd-2.1.0
SSSD 2.1.0
Highlights
New features
- Any provider can now match and map certificates to user identities. This feature enables to log in with a smart card without having to store the full certificate blob in the directory or in user overrides. Please see The design page for more information (#3500)
pam_ssscan now be configured to only perform Smart Card authentication or return an error if this is not possible.pam_ssscan also prompt the user to insert a Smart Card if, during an authentication it is not available. SSSD would then wait for the card until it is inserted or until timeout defined byp11_wait_for_card_timeoutpasses.- The device or reader used for Smart Card authentication can now be selected or restricted using a PKCS#11 URI (see RFC-7512) specified in the
p11_urioption. - Multiple certificates are now supported for Smart Card authentication even if SSSD is built with OpenSSL
- OCSP checks were added to the OpenSSL version of certificate authentication
- A new option
crl_filecan be used to select a Certificate Revocation List (CRL) file to be used during verification of a certificate for Smart Card authentication. - Certificates with Elliptic Curve keys are now supported (#3887)
- It is now possible to refresh the KCM configuration without restarting the whole SSSD deamon, just by modifying the
[kcm]section ofsssd.confand runningsystemctl restart sssd-kcm.service. - A new configuration option
ad_gpo_implicit_denywas added. This option (when set to True) can be used to deny access to users even if there is not applicable GPO. Normally users are allowed access in this situation. (#3701) - The dynamic DNS update can now batch DNS updates to include all address family updates in a single transaction to reduce replication traffic in complex environments (#3829)
- Configuration file snippets can now be used even when the main
sssd.conffile does not exist. This is mostly useful to configure e.g. the KCM responder, the implicit files provider or the session recording with setups that have no explicit domain (#3439) - The
sssctl user-checkstool can now display extra attributes set with the InfoPipeuser_attributesconfiguraton option (#3866)
Security issues fixed
- CVE-2019-3811: SSSD used to return "/" in case a user entry had no home directory. This was deemed a security issue because this flaw could impact services that restrict the user's filesystem access to within their home directory. An empty home directory field would indicate "no filesystem access", where sssd reporting it as "/" would grant full access (though still confined by unix permissions, SELinux etc).
Notable bug fixes
- Many fixes for the internal "sbus" IPC that was rewritten in the 2.0 release including crash on reconnection (#3821), a memory leak (#3810), a proxy provider startup crash (#3812), sudo responder crash (#3854), proxy provider authentication (#3892), accessing the
extraAttributesInfoPipe property (#3906) or a potential startup failure (#3924) - The Active Directory provider now fetches the user information from the LDAP port and switches to using the Global Catalog port, if available for the group membership. This fixes an issue where some attributes which are not available in the Global Catalog, typically the home directory, would be removed from the user entry. (#2474)
- Session recording can now be enabled also for local users when the session recording is configured with
scope=someand restricted to certain groups. - Smart Card authentication did not work with the KCM credentials cache because with KCM root cannot write to arbitrary user's credential caches (#3903)
- A KCM bug that prevented SSH Kerberos credential forwarding from functioning was fixed (#3873)
- The KCM responder did not work with completely empty database (#3815)
- The sudo responder did not reflect the case_sensitive domain option (#3820)
- The SSH responder no longer fails completely if the
p11_childtimes out when deriving SSH keys from a certificate (#3937)t - An issue that caused SSSD to sometimes switch to offline mode in case not all domains in the forest ran the Global Catalog service was fixed (#3902)
- If any of the SSSD responders was too busy, that responder wouldn't have refreshed the trusted domain list (#3967)
- The IPA SELinux provider now sets the user login context even if it is the same as the system default. This is important in case the user has a non-standard home directory, because then only adding the user to the SELinux database ensures the home directory will be labeled properly. However, this fix causes a performance hit during the first login as the context must be written into the semanage database.
- A memory leak when requesting netgroups repeatedly was fixed (#3870)
- The
pysss.getgrouplist()interface that was removed by accident in the 2.0 version was re-added (#3493) - Crash when requesting users with the
FindByNameAndCertificateD-Bus method was fixed (#3863) - SSSD can again run as the non-privileged sssd user (#3871)
- The cron PAM service name used for GPO access control now defaults to a different service name depending on the OS (Launchpad #1572908)
Packaging Changes
- The sbus code generator no longer relies on existance of the "python" binary, the python2/3 binary is used depending on which bindings are being generated (#3807)
- Very old libini library versions are no longer supported
Documentation Changes
- Two new
pam_sssoptionstry_cert_authandrequire_cert_authcan restrict authentication to use a Smart Card only or wait for a Smart Card to be inserted. - A new option
p11_wait_for_card_timeoutcontrols how long would SSSD wait for a Smart Card to be inserted before failing withPAM_AUTHINFO_UNAVAIL. - A new option
p11_uriis available to restrict the device or reader used for Smart Card authentication.
sssd-2.0.0
SSSD 2.0.0
Highlights
This release removes or deprecates functionality from SSSD, therefore the SSSD team decided it was time to bump the major version number. The sssd-1-16 branch will be still supported (most probably even as a LTM branch) so that users who rely on any of the removed features can either migrate or ask for the features to be readded.
Except for the removed features, this release contains a reworked internal IPC and a new default storage back end for the KCM responder.
Platform support removal
- Starting with SSSD 2.0, upstream no longer supports RHEL-6 and its derivatives. Users of RHEL-6 are encouraged to stick with the sssd-1-16 branch.
Removed features
- The Python API for managing users and groups in local domains (
id_provider=local) was removed completely. The interface had been packaged as module calledpysss.local - The LDAP provider had a special-case branch for evaluating group memberships with the RFC2307bis schema when group nesting was explicitly disabled. This codepath was adding needless additional complexity for little performance gain and was rarely used.
- The
ldap_groups_use_matching_rule_in_chainandldap_initgroups_use_matching_rule_in_chainoptions and the code that evaluated them was removed. Neither of these options provided a significant performance benefit and the code implementing these options was complex and rarely used.
Deprecated features
- The local provider (
id_provider=local) and the command line tools to manage users and groups in the local domains, such assss_useraddis not built by default anymore. There is a configure-time switch--enable-local-domainyou can use to re-enable the local domain support. However, upstream would like to remove the local domain completely in a future release. - The
sssd_secretsresponder is not packaged by default. The responder was meant to provide a REST API to access user secrets as well as a proxy to Custodia servers, but as Custodia development all but stopped and the local secrets handling so far didn't gain traction, we decided to not enable this code by default. This also means that the default SSSD configuration no longer requires libcurl and http-parser.
Changed default settings
- The
ldap_sudo_include_regexpoption changed its default value fromtruetofalse. This means that wild cards in thesudoHostLDAP attribute are no longer supported by default. The reason we changed the default was that the wildcard was costly to evaluate on the LDAP server side and at the same time rarely used.
New features
- The KCM responder has a new back end to store credential caches in a local database. This new back end is enabled by default and actually uses the same storage as the
sssd-secretsresponder had used, so the switch from sssd-secrets to this new back end should be completely seamless. Thesssd-secretssocket is no longer required for KCM to operate. - The list of PAM services which are allowed to authenticate using a Smart Card is now configurable using a new option
pam_p11_allowed_services.
Packaging Changes
- The
sss_useradd,sss_userdel,sss_usermod,sss_groupadd,sss_groupdel,sss_groupshowandsss_groupmodbinaries and their manual pages are no longer packaged by default unless--enable-local-provideris selected. - The sssd_secrets responder is no longer packaged by default unless
--enable-secrets-responderis selected. - The new internal IPC mechanism uses several private libraries that need to be packaged -
libsss_sbus.so,libsss_sbus_sync.so,libsss_iface.so,libsss_iface_sync.so,libifp_iface.soandlibifp_iface_sync.so - The new KCM ccache back end relies on a private library
libsss_secrets.sothat must be packaged in case either the KCM responder or the secrets responder are enabled.
Documentation Changes
- The
ldap_groups_use_matching_rule_in_chainandldap_initgroups_use_matching_rule_in_chainoptions were removed. - The
ldap_sudo_include_regexpoption changed its default value fromtruetofalse.
Known issues
- <#4802 The sbus codegen script relies on "python" which might not be available on all distributions
- There is a script that autogenerates code for the internal SSSD IPC. The script happens to call "python" which is not available on all distributions. Patching the
sbus_generate.shfile to call e.g. python3 explicitly works around the issue
sssd-1.16.3
SSSD 1.16.3
Highlights
New Features
- The
kdcinfofiles that SSSD uses to inform libkrb5 about which KDCs were discovered for a Kerberos realm used to be only generated for the joined domain, not the trusted domains. Starting with this release, thekdcinfofiles are generated automatically also for trusted domains in setups that useid_provider=adand IPA masters in a trust relationship with an AD domain. - The SSSD Kerberos locator plugin which processes the kdcinfo files and actually tells libkrb5 about the available KDCs can now process multiple address if SSSD generates more than one. At the moment, this feature is only used on IPA clients (see below). Please see the
sssd_krb5_locator_plugin(8)manual page for more information about the Kerberos locator plugin. - On IPA clients, the AD DCs or the AD site which should be used to authenticate users can now be listed in a subdomain section. Please see the feature design page or the section "trusted domains configuration" for more details.
Notable bug fixes
- SECURITY: The permissions on
/var/lib/sss/pipes/sudowere set so that anyone could read anyone else's sudo rules. This was considered an information leak and assigned CVE-2018-10852 (#3766) - IMPORTANT: The 1.16.2 release was storing the cached passwords without a salt prefix string. This bug was fixed in this release, but any password hashes generated by 1.16.2 are incompatible with the hashes generated by 1.16.3. The effect is that upgrade from 1.16.2 to 1.16.3 should be done when the authentication server is reachable so that the first authentication after the upgrade fix the cached password.
- The
sss_sshproces leaked file descriptors when converting more than one x509 certificate to SSH public key (#3794) - SSSD, when configured with
id_provider=adwas using too expensive LDAP search to find out whether the required POSIX attributes were replicated to the Global Catalog. Instead, SSSD now consults the Partial Attribute Set, which is much more effective (#3755) - The PAC responder is now able to process Domain Local in case the PAC uses SID compression. Typicaly this is the case with Windows Server 2012 and newer (#3767)
- Some versions of OpenSSH (e.g. the one shipped in RHEL-7.5) would close the pipe towards
sss_ssh_authorizedkeyswhen the matching key is found before the rest of the output is read. Thesss_ssh_authorizedkeyshelper was not handling this behaviour well and would exit with SIGPIPE, which also meant the public key authentication failed (#3747) - User lookups no longer fail if user's e-mail address conflicts with another user's fully qualified name (#3607)
- The
override_shellandoverride_homediroptions are no longer applied to entries from the files domain. (#3758) - Several bugs related to the FleetCommander integration were fixed (#3773, #3774)
- The grace logins with an expired password when authenticating against certain newer versions of the 389DS/RHDS LDAP server did not work (#3597)
- Whitespace around netgroup triple separator is now stripped
- The
sss_ssh_knownhostproxyutility can now print the host key without proxying the connection. - Due to an overly restrictive check, the fast in-memory cache was sometimes skipped, which caused a high load on the
sssd_nssprocess (#3776).
Packaging Changes
- The python2 bindings are not built by default on Fedora 29 or newer
- The sssd-secrets responder is now packaged in the sssd-kcm subpackage and might be removed in a future release
Documentation Changes
sss_ssh_knownhostsproxyhas a new option-k/--print.
sssd-1.16.2
SSSD 1.16.2
Highlights
New Features
- The smart card authentication, or in more general certificate authentication code now supports OpenSSL in addition to previously supported NSS (#3489). In addition, the SSH responder can now return public SSH keys derived from the public keys stored in a X.509 certificate. Please refer to the
ssh_use_certificate_keysoption in the man pages. - The files provider now supports mirroring multiple passwd or group files. This enhancement can be used to use the SSSD files provider instead of the nss_altfiles module
Notable bug fixes
- A memory handling issue in the
nss_exinterface was fixed. This bug would manifest in IPA environments with a trusted AD domain as a crash of the ns-slapd process, because ans-slapdplugin loads thenss_exinterface (#3715) - Several fixes for the KCM deamon were merged (see #3687, #3671, #3633)
- The
ad_siteoverride is now honored in GPO code as well (#3646) - Several potential crashes in the NSS responder's netgroup code were fixed (#3679, #3731)
- A potential crash in the autofs responder's code was fixed (#3752)
- The LDAP provider now supports group renaming (#2653)
- The GPO access control code no longer returns an error if one of the relevant GPO rules contained no SIDs at all (#3680)
- A memory leak in the IPA provider related to resolving external AD groups was fixed (#3719)
- Setups that used multiple domains where one of the domains had its ID space limited using the
min_id/max_idoptions did not resolve requests by ID properly (#3728) - Overriding IDs or names did not work correctly when the domain resolution order was set as well (#3595)
- A version mismatch between certain newer Samba versions (e.g. those shipped in RHEL-7.5) and the Winbind interface provided by SSSD was fixed. To further prevent issues like this in the future, the correct interface is now detected at build time (#3741)
- The files provider no longer returns a qualified name in case domain resolution order is used (#3743)
- A race condition between evaluating IPA group memberships and AD group memberships in setups with IPA-AD trusts that would have manifested as randomly losing IPA group memberships assigned to an AD user was fixed (#3744)
- Setting an SELinux login label was broken in setups where the domain resolution order was used (#3740)
- SSSD start up issue on systems that use the libldb library with version 1.4.0 or newer was fixed.
Packaging Changes
- Several new build requirements were added in order to support the OpenSSL certificate authentication
Documentation Changes
- The files provider gained two new configuration options
passwd_filesandgroup_files.These can be used to specify the additional files to mirror. - A new
ssh_use_certificate_keysoption toggles whether the SSH responder would return public SSH keys derived from X.509 certificates. - The
local_negative_timeoutoption is now enabled by default. This means that if SSSD fails to find a user in the configured domains, but is then able to find the user with an NSS call such as getpwnam, it would negatively cache the request for the duration of the local_negative_timeout option.