feat: update metadata field builder

[Nordalf]

Description

Implements a new operation: UpdateFieldMetadataBuilder to upsert metadata on a field in a schema. The implementation checks for conflicts with protected metadata (e.g. from column mappings).

This only modifies metadata in a field. No schema evolution occurs.

Related Issue(s)

Stems from a conversation on Slack

Documentation

No documentation.

[github-actions]

ACTION NEEDED

delta-rs follows the Conventional Commits specification for release automation.

The PR title and description are used as the merge commit message. Please update your PR title and description to match the specification.

[Nordalf]

This builder is open for suggestions and is meant to be discussed. On Slack, @ion-elgreco and I wrote about whether the functionality was a part of column mapping But for now, this operation is able to modify the field metadata without schema drift/evolution.

Looking forward to get some review, have a debate, or getting roasted 🚀 😄

[rtyler]

@Nordalf are you able to sign your commit(s)? git commit -s typically does it, but --signoff exists on a number of other commands. We use Developer Certificate of Origin as a way to ask developers to attest that they're the author of the commit and can rightfully license it MIT 😄

If you need help with it, holler my way in the channel 😃

[Nordalf]

@rtyler let me see what I can do to add the signoff for my previous commits. I will remember that for future commits 😄. If it does not work out as expected, I will reach out!

[Nordalf]

To add DCO, it got a bit messy. I am willing to close and open a new PR to fix this - if necessary

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 99 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 71.74%. Comparing base (3bff47b) to head (c359be8).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...rates/core/src/operations/update_field_metadata.rs	0.00%	95 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/operations/mod.rs	0.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/protocol/mod.rs	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3149      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   71.90%   71.74%   -0.16%     
==========================================
  Files         137      138       +1     
  Lines       44263    44362      +99     
  Branches    44263    44362      +99     
==========================================
+ Hits        31826    31829       +3     
- Misses      10397    10497     +100     
+ Partials     2040     2036       -4     

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