Add Debian 13 "Trixie" images to nightly branch for .NET 8 and 9

[lbussell]

See dotnet/core#9652

ImageBuilder Tasks

• Ensure that the ImageBuilder supports the new distro version in the code to generate the correct README display name from the version specified in the manifest

Nightly Branch Tasks

1. • Copy the Dockerfiles of the most recent version of that distro (or author new ones for an entirely new distro) and place them in a version-specific folder under their respective variants (runtime-deps, runtime, aspnet, sdk). Note: not all variants have a corresponding runtime-deps image.
2. • Modify the Dockerfiles as appropriate for any specific changes related to the new distro version
3. • Update manifest.json to reference the new set of Dockerfiles with the appropriate tags
     • For Alpine Linux, make sure to only update the floating tags according to our policy. Only move the floating tags in the nightly branch if they should be updated in main for the next servicing release.
4. • Update the test data to include the new distro version
5. • Update the tags metadata templates to include the new distro version
6. • Run the command to update the READMEs: .\eng\readme-templates\Get-GeneratedReadmes.ps1
7. • Run the command to update the image size baseline file: .\tests\performance\Validate-ImageSize.ps1 -UpdateBaselines
8. • Inspect generated changes for correctness
9. • Consider whether sample Dockerfiles should be authored if this is a new distro and them to the samples
10. • Run the command to build and test your changes: .build-and-test.ps1 -OS <os>
11. • Commit generated changes
12. • Create PR
13. • Get PR signoff
14. • Merge PR to nightly branch
15. • Wait for automatically queued CI build to finish on dotnet-docker-nightly pipeline (internal MSFT link)
16. • Confirm READMEs have been updated in Docker Hub and the MAR Portal