Libft static C library

The Libft project is an essential part of the Hive Helsinki (42 School Network) core curriculum that involves recreating a custom C library from scratch. It focuses on implementing fundamental functions from the standard C library and not only, such as memory manipulation, string operations, and linked list management.

The project helps develop a deep understanding of low-level programming, memory management, and efficient coding practices, forming a strong foundation for future projects in systems programming and algorithm optimization.

Note

I actively reuse this library for various other projects, and the current version of this repository no longer meets the original requirements of the subject. If, for some reason, you're looking for the version of this repository that matches the original requirements, you can check it here.

Features

This section gives a detailed overview of the libft library functions, organized into expandable categories. Click on each category below to open and view the table of functions with their descriptions:

Memory Management Functions

Functions related to memory allocation and manipulation.

Function	Description
ft_memchr	Locates the first occurrence of a byte in memory.
ft_memcmp	Compares the first n bytes of two memory areas.
ft_memcpy	Copies n bytes from one memory area to another.
ft_memmove	Moves n bytes from one memory area to another.
ft_memset	Fills the first n bytes of the memory area with a constant byte.

Memory Allocation Functions

Functions related to memory allocation and manipulation.

Function	Description
ft_calloc	Allocates memory for an array and initializes it to zero.
ft_realloc	Reallocates the given area of memory.

String Manipulation Functions

Functions for handling and processing strings.

Function	Description
ft_strdup	Duplicates a string.
ft_strchr	Locates the first occurrence of a character in a string.
ft_strlcat	Appends a string to another with size limit.
ft_strlcpy	Copies a string with size limit.
ft_strlen	Returns the length of a string.
ft_strncmp	Compares n bytes of two strings.
ft_strcmp	Compares two strings.
ft_strnstr	Finds the first occurrence of a substring in a string.
ft_strrchr	Locates the last occurrence of a character in a string.
ft_split	Splits a string into an array of substrings.
ft_substr	Extracts a substring from a string.
ft_strjoin	Concatenates two strings into a new string.

Number Manipulation Functions

Functions for handling and processing strings.

Function	Description
ft_atoi	Converts a string to an integer.
ft_atol	Converts a string to a long integer.
ft_itoa	Converts an integer to a string.
ft_strtod	Converts a string to a double-precision floating-point number.

Character Classification Functions

Functions for character testing and conversion.

Function	Description
ft_isalnum	Checks if a character is alphanumeric.
ft_isalpha	Checks if a character is alphabetic.
ft_isascii	Checks if a character is an ASCII character.
ft_isdigit	Checks if a character is a digit.
ft_isprint	Checks if a character is printable.
ft_isspace	Checks if a character is a standard white-space character.
ft_toupper	Converts a character to uppercase.
ft_tolower	Converts a character to lowercase.

Writing Formatted Text (ft_prinf Features)

Functions for printing formatted data to stdout and writing information to file descriptor.

Function	Description
ft_printf	Formats text and writes it to standard output.
ft_putchar_fd	Writes a character to a file descriptor.
ft_puthex_fd	Writes a hexadecimal number to a file descriptor.
ft_putnbr_fd	Writes an integer to a file descriptor.
ft_putptr_fd	Writes a pointer to a file descriptor.
ft_putstr_fd	Writes a string to a file descriptor.
ft_putunmb_fd	Writes an unsigned integer to a file descriptor.

Reading from file descriptor (get_next_line)

Function reads the content of the file descriptor one line at a time.

Function	Description
get_next_line	Get the next line from the file descriptor.

Mathematical functions

Function reads the content of the file descriptor one line at a time.

Function	Description
ft_min	Returns the minimum of two integers.
ft_max	Returns the maximum of two integers.
ft_rand	Returns the pseudo-random unsigned integer value.
ft_abc	Returns the absolute value of the input integer.
ft_binary_exponentiation	Computes the power of a number using exponentiation by squaring.

Project Structure

Below is an overview of the project's directory structure. The project is currently ongoing, and this information will be updated as development progresses.

hive-core-libft/
│
├── include/                  # Header files
│   └── libft.h
│
├── src/                      # Source files
│   ├── src/char/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/ft-printf/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/get-next-line/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/linked-list/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/math/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/mem-allocation/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/memory/
│   │   └── *.c
│   ├── src/number/
│   │   └── *.c
│   └── src/string/
│       └── *.c
│
├── Makefile                  # Building project tool
├── README.md
└── LICENSE

Where to start

Installation

To use this library in your project, follow these steps:

1. Clone the Repository.

• To clone the version of the code that was originally used for submission, use the submission tag:

git clone --branch submission --single-branch --depth 1 [email protected]:ipersids/hive-core-libft.git
cd hive-core-libft

• To clone the most recent version of the library (the latest commit), use:

git clone [email protected]:ipersids/hive-core-libft.git
cd hive-core-libft

2. Build the Library.
   Use the Makefile to compile the source files and create the static library.

make all

Commands:

• make all will build a static library.
• make clean will remove all '.o' files from the directory.
• make fclean will remove all '.o' and executable files.
• make re will trigger the fclean command and rebuild the library.

3. Include the Header File in your source code.

#include "libft.h"

4. Include the Library in the Project.
   Link the static library in your project's build process to use the functions as described in the header file. For example, if using clang, you can compile and link your project with the library as follows:

clang -o program_name program_name.c -I<lib_path/include> -L<lib_path> -lft

Flags and arguments:

• -o program_name is the name of the output file.
• program_name.c is the name of the source file to be compiled.
• -I<lib_path/include> tells the compiler to look in the specified directory for library header file.
• -L<lib_path> tells the linker to look in the specified directory for any libraries specified with the -l option.
• -lft tells the linker to link the program with the libft.a library (the lib prefix and the .a extension are automatically added by the linker).

Recommended additional flags:

• -Wall -Wextra -Werror to enable warning messages and to tell the compiler.

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Developed by Julia Persidskaia.
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