reorganized files into folders for each lab, added content for lab2

Labs/Lab1/DAT10-git-tutorial.ipynb

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+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "# GA Data Science 10 (DAT10) - git overview\n",
+      "\n",
+      "This lab is an overview and example of `git`."
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "### 1. High Level Overview\n",
+      "\n",
+      "- the purpose of `git` is to keep snapshots of the *'state of the filesystem'* as it changes over time\n",
+      "- git stores these snapshots in a *'repository'*\n",
+      "- specifically, `git` data is kept in the `.git` folder in the top-level directory of the repo\n",
+      "- i.e. there is a relationship between a `git` repo and the filesystem"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "There are two primary objects that are key to understanding `git`:\n",
+      "#### `commit` object:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "- set of files (and directories) - i.e. a *'snapshot'*\n",
+      "- pointer to one or more *parent* commit objects\n",
+      "- unique name based on SHA1 hash\n",
+      "- meta-data - e.g. commit message\n",
+      "- commit process:\n",
+      "    - git add [filename]\n",
+      "    - git commit -m \"[insert message here]\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#### `head` object:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "- pointer to a `commit` object\n",
+      "- each `head` has a name (i.e. the name of the branch)\n",
+      "- at any given time there is a `head` that is the *'current head'*\n",
+      "- the *'current head'* has the supplemental alias `HEAD`\n",
+      "- by default there is a `head` called ***master*** in every repository"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "A `git` repository has a particular logical structure:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "- think of each `commit` object as a snapshot of the file system at a point in time\n",
+      "- `commit` objects are linked together, forming a *directed graph*\n",
+      "- the *'initial commit'* is the root of the graph\n",
+      "- `head` objects are just pointers to specific `commits`"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "### 2. `git` setup\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Copy the clone link from github:\n",
+      "https://github.com/ga-students/DAT_SF_10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "$ git clone [link from github]\n",
+      "\n",
+      "    - creates a new directory (i.e. with the name of the cloned repo)\n",
+      "    - initialize a new git repository in the new directory\n",
+      "    - copy all the commit objects and head references into the new repository\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Many settings are relative to the current repo, but some are set globally:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "    $ git config global -l\n",
+      "    \n",
+      "    user.name=Dow Street\n",
+      "    [email protected]\n",
+      "    \n",
+      "    \n",
+      "Additional settings, for example you can set your editor to something other than `vi` - e.g. `nano`:\n",
+      "    diff.external=/Users/dowstreet/bin/git-diff-cmd.sh\n",
+      "    merge.tool=opendiff\n",
+      "    color.ui=true\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "markdown",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "### Other useful commands:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "    Use this all the time!\n",
+      "\n",
+      "    $ git status\n",
+      "    \n",
+      "    Show the commit and branch graph\n",
+      "    \n",
+      "    $ git log --graph --oneline --all\n",
+      "    "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": []
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
+}