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1. Functions Lesson: Defining and Using Functions A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task. Here's how to define and use one:

# Function to add two numbers
def add_numbers(a, b):
    return a + b

# Call the function
result = add_numbers(5, 3)
print("Sum:", result)  # Output: Sum: 8

Exercise 1: Square of a Number Write a function that takes a number as input and returns its square.

def square(num):
    return num ** 2

print(square(4))  # Should print 16

Now try:

Test the function with different numbers. Modify it to return the cube of the number instead. Exercise 2: Even or Odd Write a function that checks if a number is even or odd and prints the result.

def check_even_odd(num):
    if num % 2 == 0:
        print(f"{num} is even.")
    else:
        print(f"{num} is odd.")

check_even_odd(7)  # Should print "7 is odd."

2. Basic Loops Lesson: For Loop Basics A for loop is used to iterate over a sequence like a list, string, or range.

# Example: Print numbers 1 to 5
for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

Exercise 1: Even Numbers Write a program that prints all even numbers from 1 to 20 using a loop.

for i in range(1, 21):
    if i % 2 == 0:
        print(i)

Lesson: While Loop Basics A while loop runs as long as a condition is True.

# Example: Countdown
count = 5
while count > 0:
    print(count)
    count -= 1

Exercise 2: User Input Loop Write a program that keeps asking for a word until the user types "exit".

while True:
    word = input("Enter a word (type 'exit' to quit): ")
    if word.lower() == "exit":
        break
    print("You entered:", word)

Practice Challenge: Combine Functions and Loops! Write a function that prints all the multiples of a number up to a given limit.

Example:

def print_multiples(number, limit):
    for i in range(1, limit + 1):
        print(number * i)

print_multiples(3, 5)  # Should print 3, 6, 9, 12, 15