feat(developer): Document Consumable vs. Implementable OCP

developer_manual/app_publishing_maintenance/app_upgrade_guide/upgrade_to_32.rst

@@ -33,6 +33,24 @@ Removed APIs
 Back-end changes
 ----------------
 
+- OCP API split into consumable and implementable:
+  For a more informed background see `RFC: Split OCP into Consumable and Implementable <https://github.com/nextcloud/standards/issues/15>`_ for more information.
+  Short summary:
+
+  - **Consumable:** Interfaces, Enums and classes that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Consumable`` attribute, must only be consumed by apps and can not be implemented by apps themselves.
+    This means the server side can extend the interface with new methods or reduce returned types of existing methods without it being consider an API break.
+    However argument types of existing methods can **not** be reduced.
+    Same rules apply to ``OCP\EventsDispatcher\Event`` that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Listenable`` attribute and ``Exception`` with the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Catchable`` attribute.
+  - **Implementable:** Interfaces, Enums and classes that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Implementable`` attribute, can be implemented by apps.
+    This means the server side can **not** extend the interface with new methods or reduce returned types of existing methods without it being consider an API break.
+    However argument types of existing methods can be reduced.
+    Same rules apply to ``OCP\EventsDispatcher\Event`` that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Dispatchable`` attribute and ``Exception`` with the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Throwable`` attribute.
+  - **ExceptionalImplementable:** Despite not being implementable for all apps, some interfaces can have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\ExceptionalImplementable`` attribute indicating that they are implementable by a single app (or multiple).
+    In those cases the general ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Consumable`` rules apply, but the app maintainers or repository of named exceptions have to be informed during the process of a pull request, leaving them enough time to align with the upcoming change.
+
+- These new attributes will be applied on a "defacto standard" basis to the best of our knowledge.
+  In case an API was flagged unexpectedly, leave a comment on the respective pull request in the server repository asking for clarification.
+
 Added APIs
 ^^^^^^^^^^
 

developer_manual/digging_deeper/api.rst

@@ -8,6 +8,30 @@ PHP public API
 The public API is contained in the OCP namespace. See the `OCP API reference
 <https://nextcloud-server.netlify.app/>`_ for further details.
 
+The API is split into two categories. Those are indicated by attributes.
+
+``Consumable``, ``Listenable`` and ``Catchable``
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Interfaces, Enums and classes that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Consumable`` attribute, must only be consumed by apps and can not be implemented by apps themselves.
+This means the server side can extend the interface with new methods or reduce returned types of existing methods without it being consider an API break.
+However argument types of existing methods can **not** be reduced.
+Same rules apply to ``OCP\EventsDispatcher\Event`` that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Listenable`` attribute and ``Exception`` with the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Catchable`` attribute.
+
+``Implementable``, ``Dispatchable`` and ``Throwable``
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Interfaces, Enums and classes that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Implementable`` attribute, can be implemented by apps.
+This means the server side can **not** extend the interface with new methods or reduce returned types of existing methods without it being consider an API break.
+However argument types of existing methods can be reduced.
+Same rules apply to ``OCP\EventsDispatcher\Event`` that have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Dispatchable`` attribute and ``Exception`` with the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Throwable`` attribute.
+
+``ExceptionalImplementable``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Despite not being implementable for all apps, some interfaces can have the ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\ExceptionalImplementable`` attribute indicating that they are implementable by a single app (or multiple).
+In those cases the general ``OCP\AppFramework\Attribute\Consumable`` rules apply, but the app maintainers or repository of named exceptions have to be informed during the process of a pull request, leaving them enough time to align with the upcoming change.
+
 
 PHP unstable API
 ----------------