net: preserve port 80 in SocketAddress.parse

[cookesan]

Summary

• preserve explicit port 80 when parsing net.SocketAddress strings
• keep the existing HTTP URL parse for canonical IPv4 forms

Fixes: #62906

Testing

• make JOBS=8
• ./node --test test/parallel/test-socketaddress.js
• python3 tools/test.py parallel/test-socketaddress
• make lint-js
• git diff --check
• manual assertion script for IPv4, IPv6, leading-zero port, and numeric IPv4 shorthand cases

[cookesan]

Closing this in favor of #62912, which is the earlier PR for the same issue. I missed it when opening this one and left a technical note there about an edge case in the raw port parsing approach.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.64%. Comparing base (80e0f14) to head (81e1f54).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #63058      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.65%   89.64%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         708      708              
  Lines      220413   220423      +10     
  Branches    42275    42276       +1     
==========================================
- Hits       197607   197600       -7     
- Misses      14658    14659       +1     
- Partials     8148     8164      +16     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/socketaddress.js	99.03% <100.00%> (+0.04%)	⬆️

... and 31 files with indirect coverage changes

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