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8-bit ALU Design and Implementation in 45nm Technology

This project demonstrates the complete RTL-to-GDS flow for an 8-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) using open-source EDA tools and the Nangate45 standard cell library.

📋 Overview

This repository contains the design, synthesis, and physical implementation of an 8-bit ALU capable of performing 15 different arithmetic, logical, and shift operations. The design is synthesized using Yosys and implemented on 45nm CMOS technology.

🏗️ ALU Architecture

Features

  • Input Width: 8 bits (in1, in2)
  • Output Width: 16 bits (result)
  • Opcode Width: 4 bits (15 operations)
  • Technology: 45nm CMOS (Nangate45 library)
  • Design Style: Combinational logic (no sequential elements)

Supported Operations

Opcode Operation Description
0000 Addition result = in1 + in2
0001 Subtraction result = in1 - in2
0010 Multiplication result = in1 × in2
0011 Left Shift result = in1 << 1
0100 Right Shift result = in1 >> 1
0101 Rotate Left result = {in1[7], in1[6:0]}
0110 Rotate Right result = {in1[7:1], in1[0]}
0111 AND result = in1 & in2
1000 OR result = in1 | in2
1001 NAND result = ~(in1 & in2)
1010 XOR result = in1 ^ in2
1011 XNOR result = ~(in1 ^ in2)
1100 Equality Check result = (in1 == in2) ? in1 : 0
1101 Maximum result = (in1 > in2) ? in1 : in2
1110 Maximum result = (in1 > in2) ? in1 : in2

🚀 Design Flow

1. RTL Design

File: alu_16.v

The ALU is designed as a purely combinational circuit with:

  • Inputs:
    • in1[7:0] - First operand
    • in2[7:0] - Second operand
    • opcode[3:0] - Operation selector
  • Output:
    • result[15:0] - 16-bit result

2. Synthesis

Tool: Yosys
Technology: Nangate45 (45nm standard cell library)

3. Floorplanning, Placement, CTS, Routing

Tool: OpenRoad
Technology: Nangate45 (45nm standard cell library)

Results :

Screenshot 2025-02-16 180051
Screenshot 2025-02-16 180317 Screenshot 2025-02-16 180240 Screenshot 2025-02-16 215753

About

Did the complete RTL to GDS flow for 8 bit ALU capable of performing Arithmetic Operations, Shift and Rotate operations, Bitwise Logic operations and lastly the Comparison and selection operation.

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